Collaborative Research: Understanding Ozone-Ecosystem Controls and Feedbacks across Landscapes through Leaf- and Canopy-Scale Measurements

合作研究：通过叶子和冠层尺度的测量了解臭氧生态系统对景观的控制和反馈

• 批准号: 1837882
• 负责人: Gabriel Isaacman-VanWertz
• 金额: $ 29.56万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-11-01 至 2022-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1837882&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Understanding; Ozone; Ecosystem

This research will help to develop a better understanding of the processes that influence tropospheric ozone variability in forested regions. New analytical tools will be used to collect comprehensive observations of the atmosphere-canopy exchange of gases and the associated ecological response to ozone. The interdisciplinary team of scientists who are leading this effort have expertise in atmospheric chemistry, landscape and organismal ecology, and land-atmosphere exchange, as well as broad experimental expertise in advanced instrumentation design and use in field and laboratory settings. The results of this project have the potential to improve air quality modeling by better representing ecosystem feedbacks to ozone pollution. The team of scientists plan to collect two years of continuous data at the Virginia Forest Laboratory (VFL) in central Virginia, coupling ozone flux measurements with observations of canopy-level photosynthesis by solar induced fluorescence (SIF), isomer-resolved ozone-reactive biogenic organic compounds (BVOCs), and critical ecosystem parameters of canopy conductance and carbon dioxide exchange. These same variables will be measured by analogous instrumentation in leaf-scale laboratory experiments using plant species prominent at the VFL under the range of typical local environmental conditions, in which perturbations will be induced to test for ecosystem feedbacks.The three hypotheses to be tested are: (1) Interactions between ozone flux to the canopy and the SIF technique, that directly detects fluorescence of chlorophyll molecules, are directly measurable, are independent from interactions between ozone flux and stomatal conductance and have a distinguishable effect on the ozone lifetime; (2) Ozone flux to the canopy is often controlled by sparsely measured but highly reactive BVOCs. Variability in ozone flux to the canopy caused by these BVOCs can be quantified by their molecular identities and concentrations; (3): Uptake of ozone by plants leads to one or more of 3 detectable and significant ozone-ecosystem feedbacks: (a) ozone uptake reduces stomatal conductance, leading to longer ozone lifetimes against plant uptake; (b) ozone uptake reduces canopy BVOC concentrations by impairing photosynthesis, leading to longer ozone lifetimes against within-canopy chemical oxidation; and (c) ozone uptake enhances BVOC emissions, leading to shorter ozone lifetimes against within-canopy chemical oxidation. The results of this research are expected to produce new observational constraints on relationships between atmospheric composition and ecosystem function.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究将有助于更好地理解影响森林地区对流层臭氧变异性的过程。 新的分析工具将用于收集气体大气传播交换以及对臭氧的生态反应的全面观察。领导这项工作的科学家团队在大气化学，景观和有机生态学以及土地大气交换方面具有专业知识，以及在现场和实验室环境中高级仪器设计和使用方面的广泛实验专业知识。该项目的结果有可能通过更好地代表臭氧污染的生态系统反馈来改善空气质量建模。科学家团队计划在弗吉尼亚州中部的弗吉尼亚森林实验室（VFL）收集两年的连续数据，将臭氧通量测量与太阳能诱导荧光（SIF）的冠层光合作用的观察，ISomer分辨出臭氧反应生物有机体（Can Cansecy and Cansote and Cansote and Cansote and Cansy and Cansose and Cansy and Cansecome and Cans）二氧化物交换。 这些相同的变量将通过在叶片尺度实验室实验中使用类似仪器进行测量，该实验使用典型的局部环境条件下VFL突出的植物物种，其中将诱导扰动测试生态系统的反馈。要测试的三个假设。直接可测量的是独立于臭氧通量和气孔电导之间的相互作用，并且对臭氧寿命具有可区分的影响。 （2）冠层的臭氧通量通常由稀疏测量但高反应性的BVOC控制。臭氧通量的变异性可以通过它们的分子身份和浓度来量化这些BVOC引起的顶篷。 （3）：植物对臭氧的吸收导致3个或多个可检测和重要的臭氧生态系统反馈中的一个或多个：（a）臭氧摄取减少气孔电导，从而导致较长的臭氧寿命，以抗植物摄取； （b）臭氧摄取通过损害光合作用而降低冠层BVOC浓度，从而导致较长的臭氧寿命，以抗囊内化学氧化； （c）臭氧摄取增强了BVOC排放，从而导致臭氧寿命较短，以抗囊内化学氧化。 预计这项研究的结果将对大气组成与生态系统功能之间的关系产生新的观察性限制。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。

项目成果

In-Canopy Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds Mixing Ratios at the Virginia Forest Lab

弗吉尼亚森林实验室树冠内生物挥发性有机化合物的混合比例

• DOI: 10.17632/jx3vn5xxcn.2
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Mendeley
• 作者: McGlynn, Deborah

Portable, low-cost samplers for distributed sampling of atmospheric gases

用于大气气体分布式采样的便携式低成本采样器

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-16-4681-2023
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Hurley, James F.;Caceres, Alejandra;McGlynn, Deborah F.;Tovillo, Mary E.;Pinar, Suzanne;Schürch, Roger;Onufrieva, Ksenia;Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel
• 通讯作者: Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel

An autonomous remotely operated gas chromatograph for chemically resolved monitoring of atmospheric volatile organic compounds

用于大气挥发性有机化合物化学解析监测的自主远程操作气相色谱仪

• DOI: 10.1039/d2ea00079b
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Environmental Science: Atmospheres
• 作者: McGlynn, Deborah F.;Panji, Namrata Shanmukh;Frazier, Graham;Bi, Chenyang;Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel
• 通讯作者: Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel

Gap models across micro- to mega-scales of time and space: examples of Tansley’s ecosystem concept

• DOI: 10.1186/s40663-020-00225-4
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: Forest Ecosystems
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: H. Shugart;A. Foster;Bin Wang;D. Druckenbrod;Jianyong Ma;M. Lerdau;S. Saatchi;Xi Yang;Xiaodong Yan

Composition, concentration, and oxidant reactivity of sesquiterpenes in the southeastern U.S.

美国东南部倍半萜的组成、浓度和氧化剂反应性

• DOI: 10.1039/d2ea00059h
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Environmental Science: Atmospheres
• 作者: Frazier, Graham;McGlynn, Deborah F.;Barry, Laura E.;Lerdau, Manuel;Pusede, Sally E.;Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel
• 通讯作者: Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel