Entanglement Physics of Quantum f-electron Materials

量子f电子材料的纠缠物理

• 批准号: 1830707
• 负责人: Piers Coleman
• 金额: $ 54万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1830707&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Entanglement; Physics; Quantum; electron; Materials

NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education in condensed matter physics, in the subfield of f-electron physics and quantum matter.The behavior of matter on atomic scales is governed by quantum mechanics, which describes the motion of particles as a wave, evolving according to the Schrodinger wave equation. While the application of this equation to isolated electrons is fully understood, the corresponding many-body version of this equation that governs the collective quantum behavior of electrons inside matter is far too complex to be solved in detail. The astronomical scale of this complexity may be grasped by noting that the number of electrons in a pound of iron is larger than the number of stars in the known universe.One of the strange manifestations of quantum mechanics is a phenomenon known as entanglement, whereby remote electrons in a material intimately correlate their motion. The unexpected collective behavior of electrons that results from this entanglement has the capacity to endow quantum matter with emergent properties, such as magnetism, superconductivity, or superfluidity, and many more that are presumably not yet discovered. The quest to understand and manipulate these emergent properties, and to relate them to the underlying quantum mechanics is a key goal of modern condensed matter physics.The award supports research in the area of f-electron materials, a unique class of metals that can be fine-tuned to the brink of magnetism where they develop a special quantum state called a "Quantum Critical Point". Quantum critical points can be thought of as a kind of electronic stem cell - a state of matter that can easily transform itself into a broad class of novel quantum phases, such as unconventional superconductors. By developing a new mathematical description of these quantum critical points and the phases they can transform into, the PI aims to gain a new understanding of the physics of quantum materials.Graduate students and postdocs will be involved in an essential way in the research, and will be mentored and trained in a broad range of theoretical techniques. The PI also plans to write a popular book introducing the frontier of quantum condensed matter physics to non-experts. TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education in condensed matter physics, in the subfield of f-electron physics. The research has three main subheadings: 1) New approach to quantum criticality: Using a new Schwinger boson method, and working in conjunction with experimentalists, the research team will develop a theory of ferromagnetic quantum criticality in heavy-electron materials. This work will be extended to antiferromagnets and will be used to compute the generalized phase diagram of heavy fermions. The research team will develop a theory for the co-existence of magnetism and the Kondo effect. By extending early work of Larkin and Pikin, the research will develop a theory for the quantum annealing of finite-temperature first-order phase transitions into quantum critical points at absolute zero. 2) Analytic-computational approach to entanglement & novel order in rare-earth materials: Working with theorists at the Flatiron Institute, New York, the research team will apply Matrix Product State approaches to simple one- and two-dimensional Kondo lattices, focusing on the low-entanglement case of the Kondo insulator, using these methods to establish and explore the composite nature of heavy fermions.3) A new approach to Raman and Photoemission phenomenology: Generalizing the theory of optical lattices to crystal fields, the research will develop a theory of the Raman interaction of light with crystal-field levels in f-electron materials. A new criterion for measuring the degree of localization of f-electrons using angle-resolved and core-level x-ray photoemission will be developed.Graduate students and postdocs will be involved in an essential way in the research, and will be mentored and trained in a broad range of theoretical techniques. The PI also plans to write a popular book introducing the frontier of quantum condensed matter physics to non-experts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要这一奖项支持F-电子物理学和量子问题的子场中的理论研究和教育。原子量表的行为由量子力学支配，该量子机制将粒子的运动描述为波动作为波的运动，根据Schrodinger Wave方程的发展。尽管该方程式在孤立的电子中的应用已充分理解，但该方程的相应多体版本控制了物质内部电子的集体量子行为太复杂了，无法详细解决。可以通过指出一磅铁中的电子数量大于已知宇宙中恒星数的数量，可以掌握这种复杂性的天文尺度。量子力学的奇怪表现是一种称为纠缠的现象，其中材料中的远程电子与他们的运动密切相关。由于这种纠缠而导致的电子的意外集体行为具有赋予量子物质的能力，例如磁性，超导性或超流量，以及可能尚未发现的更多。寻求理解和操纵这些新兴特性，并将它们与潜在的量子力学联系起来是现代冷凝物理物理学的关键目标。该奖项支持F-电子材料领域的研究，这是一种独特的金属，可以微调，可以对磁性的边缘进行微调，从而在其中开发了一个特殊的量子状态，它们称为“量子”量子的特殊量子。量子临界点可以被认为是一种电子干细胞 - 一种物质的状态，可以很容易地将自身转变为一类新型的新型量子相，例如非常规超导体。通过对这些量子关键点及其可以转化为这些量子的阶段进行新的数学描述，PI旨在获得对量子材料物理学的新理解。研究生和博士学位将在研究中以一种基本的方式参与，并将受到广泛的理论技术的指导和培训。 PI还计划写一本受欢迎的书，将量子凝结物理学的边界介绍给非专家。技术摘要这一奖项支持F-Electron Physics子领域的凝聚态物理学的理论研究和教育。 这项研究具有三个主要小节：1）量子关键的新方法：使用新的Schwinger Boson方法，并与实验者合作，研究团队将在重型电子材料中发展出铁磁量子关键的理论。这项工作将扩展到抗铁磁铁，并将用于计算重型费米子的广义相图。研究小组将开发一种关于磁性和近代效应共存的理论。通过扩展Larkin和Pikin的早期工作，该研究将开发出一种理论，用于将有限温度的一阶相变到绝对零的量子临界点。 2) Analytic-computational approach to entanglement & novel order in rare-earth materials: Working with theorists at the Flatiron Institute, New York, the research team will apply Matrix Product State approaches to simple one- and two-dimensional Kondo lattices, focusing on the low-entanglement case of the Kondo insulator, using these methods to establish and explore the composite nature of heavy fermions.3) A new approach to Raman and Photoemission现象学：将光学晶格的理论概括为晶体场，该研究将开发出光电子材料中光与晶体水平的拉曼相互作用的理论。将开发使用角度分辨和核心X射线光发射的新标准，用于衡量F-电子的定位程度。研究生和博士学位将以研究的基本方式参与，并将在广泛的理论技术中进行指导和培训。 PI还计划撰写一本流行的书，将量子凝结物理学的边界介绍给非专家。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。

项目成果

Strange-metal behaviour in a pure ferromagnetic Kondo lattice

纯铁磁近藤晶格中的奇怪金属行为

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2052-z
• 发表时间: 2019-07
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Shen Bin;Zhang Yongjun;Komijani Yashar;Nicklas Michael;Borth Robert;Wang An;Chen Ye;Nie Zhiyong;Li Rui;Lu Xin;Lee Hanoh;Smidman Michael;Steglich Frank;Coleman Piers;Yuan Huiqiu
• 通讯作者: Yuan Huiqiu

Large- N approach to the two-channel Kondo lattice

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.101.075133
• 发表时间: 2019-11
• 期刊: Physical Review B
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Ari Wugalter;Y. Komijani;P. Coleman

Luttinger sum rules and spin fractionalization in the SU( N ) Kondo lattice

SU(N)Kondo 晶格中的 Luttinger 和规则与自旋分数化

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.3.033284
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Physical Review Research
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Hazra, Tamaghna;Coleman, Piers
• 通讯作者: Coleman, Piers

Observation of a critical charge mode in a strange metal

奇怪金属中临界充电模式的观察

• DOI: 10.1126/science.abc4787
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Science
• 影响因子: 56.9
• 作者: Kobayashi Hisao;Sakaguchi Yui;Kitagawa Hayato;Oura Momoko;Ikeda Shugo;Kuga Kentaro;Suzuki Shintaro;Nakatsuji Satoru;Masuda Ryo;Kobayashi Yasuhiro;Seto Makoto;Yoda Yoshitaka;Tamasaku Kenji;Komijani Yashar;Chandra Premala;Coleman Piers
• 通讯作者: Coleman Piers

Emergent moments in a Hund's impurity

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.103.205147
• 发表时间: 2021-01
• 期刊: Physical Review B
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Victor Drouin-Touchette;E. König;Y. Komijani;P. Coleman