Entanglement Physics of Quantum f-electron Materials

量子f电子材料的纠缠物理

• 批准号: 1830707
• 负责人: Piers Coleman
• 金额: $ 54万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1830707&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Entanglement; Physics; Quantum; electron; Materials

NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education in condensed matter physics, in the subfield of f-electron physics and quantum matter.The behavior of matter on atomic scales is governed by quantum mechanics, which describes the motion of particles as a wave, evolving according to the Schrodinger wave equation. While the application of this equation to isolated electrons is fully understood, the corresponding many-body version of this equation that governs the collective quantum behavior of electrons inside matter is far too complex to be solved in detail. The astronomical scale of this complexity may be grasped by noting that the number of electrons in a pound of iron is larger than the number of stars in the known universe.One of the strange manifestations of quantum mechanics is a phenomenon known as entanglement, whereby remote electrons in a material intimately correlate their motion. The unexpected collective behavior of electrons that results from this entanglement has the capacity to endow quantum matter with emergent properties, such as magnetism, superconductivity, or superfluidity, and many more that are presumably not yet discovered. The quest to understand and manipulate these emergent properties, and to relate them to the underlying quantum mechanics is a key goal of modern condensed matter physics.The award supports research in the area of f-electron materials, a unique class of metals that can be fine-tuned to the brink of magnetism where they develop a special quantum state called a "Quantum Critical Point". Quantum critical points can be thought of as a kind of electronic stem cell - a state of matter that can easily transform itself into a broad class of novel quantum phases, such as unconventional superconductors. By developing a new mathematical description of these quantum critical points and the phases they can transform into, the PI aims to gain a new understanding of the physics of quantum materials.Graduate students and postdocs will be involved in an essential way in the research, and will be mentored and trained in a broad range of theoretical techniques. The PI also plans to write a popular book introducing the frontier of quantum condensed matter physics to non-experts. TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education in condensed matter physics, in the subfield of f-electron physics. The research has three main subheadings: 1) New approach to quantum criticality: Using a new Schwinger boson method, and working in conjunction with experimentalists, the research team will develop a theory of ferromagnetic quantum criticality in heavy-electron materials. This work will be extended to antiferromagnets and will be used to compute the generalized phase diagram of heavy fermions. The research team will develop a theory for the co-existence of magnetism and the Kondo effect. By extending early work of Larkin and Pikin, the research will develop a theory for the quantum annealing of finite-temperature first-order phase transitions into quantum critical points at absolute zero. 2) Analytic-computational approach to entanglement & novel order in rare-earth materials: Working with theorists at the Flatiron Institute, New York, the research team will apply Matrix Product State approaches to simple one- and two-dimensional Kondo lattices, focusing on the low-entanglement case of the Kondo insulator, using these methods to establish and explore the composite nature of heavy fermions.3) A new approach to Raman and Photoemission phenomenology: Generalizing the theory of optical lattices to crystal fields, the research will develop a theory of the Raman interaction of light with crystal-field levels in f-electron materials. A new criterion for measuring the degree of localization of f-electrons using angle-resolved and core-level x-ray photoemission will be developed.Graduate students and postdocs will be involved in an essential way in the research, and will be mentored and trained in a broad range of theoretical techniques. The PI also plans to write a popular book introducing the frontier of quantum condensed matter physics to non-experts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要该奖项支持凝聚态物理、f电子物理和量子物质子领域的理论研究和教育。原子尺度上的物质行为受量子力学控制，量子力学将粒子的运动描述为波，并根据波的规律演化到薛定谔波动方程。虽然该方程在孤立电子上的应用已被充分理解，但该方程控制物质内部电子集体量子行为的相应多体版本过于复杂，无法详细求解。这种复杂性的天文规模可以通过注意到一磅铁中的电子数量比已知宇宙中的恒星数量还多来理解。量子力学的一个奇怪的表现是一种称为纠缠的现象，通过这种现象，远程材料中的电子与其运动密切相关。这种纠缠产生的电子出乎意料的集体行为有能力赋予量子物质新的特性，例如磁性、超导性或超流性，以及更多可能尚未发现的特性。寻求理解和操纵这些新出现的特性，并将它们与基础量子力学联系起来，是现代凝聚态物理学的一个关键目标。该奖项支持 f 电子材料领域的研究，这是一类独特的金属，可以微调到磁性边缘，它们形成一种特殊的量子态，称为“量子临界点”。量子临界点可以被认为是一种电子干细胞——一种可以轻松地将自身转变为一系列新型量子相的物质状态，例如非常规超导体。通过对这些量子临界点及其可以转变的相进行新的数学描述，PI 旨在获得对量子材料物理学的新理解。研究生和博士后将以重要的方式参与研究，并且将接受广泛的理论技术方面的指导和培训。 PI 还计划写一本通俗读物，向非专家介绍量子凝聚态物理的前沿。技术摘要该奖项支持 f 电子物理子领域凝聚态物理的理论研究和教育。 该研究分为三个主要小标题：1）量子临界性的新方法：使用新的施温格玻色子方法，并与实验人员合作，研究小组将开发重电子材料中的铁磁量子临界性理论。这项工作将扩展到反铁磁体，并将用于计算重费米子的广义相图。研究小组将开发一种磁性和近藤效应共存的理论。通过扩展拉金和皮金的早期工作，该研究将开发一种将有限温度一阶相变量子退火到绝对零量子临界点的理论。 2) 稀土材料中纠缠和新秩序的分析计算方法：与纽约 Flatiron 研究所的理论家合作，研究小组将把矩阵积态方法应用于简单的一维和二维 Kondo 晶格，重点是近藤绝缘体的低纠缠情况，使用这些方法来建立和探索重费米子的复合性质。3）拉曼和光电发射的新方法现象学：将光学晶格理论推广到晶体场，该研究将发展光与 f 电子材料中晶体场水平的拉曼相互作用理论。将开发一种使用角分辨和核心级 X 射线光电发射测量 f 电子局域化程度的新标准。研究生和博士后将以重要方式参与研究，并接受指导和培训广泛的理论技术。该 PI 还计划撰写一本通俗书籍，向非专家介绍量子凝聚态物理的前沿领域。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。

项目成果

Strange-metal behaviour in a pure ferromagnetic Kondo lattice

纯铁磁近藤晶格中的奇怪金属行为

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2052-z
• 发表时间: 2019-07
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Shen Bin;Zhang Yongjun;Komijani Yashar;Nicklas Michael;Borth Robert;Wang An;Chen Ye;Nie Zhiyong;Li Rui;Lu Xin;Lee Hanoh;Smidman Michael;Steglich Frank;Coleman Piers;Yuan Huiqiu
• 通讯作者: Yuan Huiqiu

Large- N approach to the two-channel Kondo lattice

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.101.075133
• 发表时间: 2019-11
• 期刊: Physical Review B
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Ari Wugalter;Y. Komijani;P. Coleman

Luttinger sum rules and spin fractionalization in the SU( N ) Kondo lattice

SU(N)Kondo 晶格中的 Luttinger 和规则与自旋分数化

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.3.033284
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Physical Review Research
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Hazra, Tamaghna;Coleman, Piers
• 通讯作者: Coleman, Piers

Observation of a critical charge mode in a strange metal

奇怪金属中临界充电模式的观察

• DOI: 10.1126/science.abc4787
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Science
• 影响因子: 56.9
• 作者: Kobayashi Hisao;Sakaguchi Yui;Kitagawa Hayato;Oura Momoko;Ikeda Shugo;Kuga Kentaro;Suzuki Shintaro;Nakatsuji Satoru;Masuda Ryo;Kobayashi Yasuhiro;Seto Makoto;Yoda Yoshitaka;Tamasaku Kenji;Komijani Yashar;Chandra Premala;Coleman Piers
• 通讯作者: Coleman Piers

Triplet resonating valence bond theory and transition metal chalcogenides

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.105.075142
• 发表时间: 2021-09
• 期刊: Physical Review B
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: E. König;Y. Komijani;P. Coleman