Collaborative Research: Extreme Starbursts and Outflows: The Formation of Massive Compact Galaxies

合作研究：极端星暴和外流：大质量致密星系的形成

• 批准号: 1814159
• 负责人: Gregory Rudnick
• 金额: $ 3.94万
• 依托单位: University of Kansas Center for Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1814159&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Extreme; Starbursts; Outflows

Galaxies often eject large amounts of gas and dust in outflowing galactic winds, which are a crucial element in how galaxies evolve with cosmic time. These galactic outflows explain why galaxies form relatively few stars, compared to the amount of potential fuel available for star formation. They are required by theoretical models to correctly match the observed distributions of masses and star formation rates in galaxies, yet they remain poorly understood. This project will test the extent to which stars can create such winds. Investigators will determine the physical properties of outflows in galaxies that are undergoing a burst of star formation. This project will determine the physical characteristics of both the stars in the galaxies and the outflows they are driving. These galaxies likely represent a crucial phase in the creation of massive galaxies as they consume gas and shut down the future formation of stars. This project will train undergraduate and graduate students in research and implement outreach activities that will connect K-12 classrooms across the country with professional astronomers through in-class video discussions and follow-up reflection and assessment.Feedback in the form of outflowing gas and dust is a crucial aspect of galaxy evolution, explaining why galaxies form relatively few stars, compared to the baryon budget of the Universe. Galactic outflows are prevalent in star-forming galaxies and likely regulate and eventually shut off star formation. Despite the critical importance of feedback to the galaxy evolution process, its physical mechanisms remain poorly understood. This project will test the limits of stellar feedback by characterizing the physical properties and determining the space density of compact starburst galaxies that exhibit the fastest outflows (1000 km/s) and highest star formation rate surface densities known. This project will determine physical characteristics of both the dusty starburst cores of these galaxies as well as the multi-phase outflowing gas. These results will constrain the physical drivers of these extreme outflows, as well as their impact on their host galaxies. This project aims to fully characterize the nature of the outflows, test a time sequence for the shutdown of star formation and the development of feedback, and place these galaxies in the broader context of massive galaxy formation. This project will also support the research efforts of multiple undergraduate students, as well as two graduate students, and will support outreach efforts to connect K-12 students with research by bringing professional astronomers into classrooms via in-class video discussions and follow-up reflection and assessment.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

星系经常在流出的星系风中喷射出大量的气体和尘埃，这是星系如何随宇宙时间演化的关键因素。这些星系外流解释了为什么与可用于恒星形成的潜在燃料量相比，星系形成的恒星相对较少。理论模型要求它们正确匹配观测到的星系质量分布和恒星形成率，但人们对它们仍然知之甚少。该项目将测试恒星产生这种风的程度。研究人员将确定正在经历恒星形成爆发的星系中流出物的物理特性。该项目将确定星系中恒星的物理特征以及它们所驱动的流出物。这些星系可能代表了大质量星系形成的关键阶段，因为它们消耗气体并阻止未来恒星的形成。该项目将培训本科生和研究生进行研究，并实施外展活动，通过课堂视频讨论和后续反思和评估，将全国各地的K-12教室与专业天文学家联系起来。以流出的气体和灰尘的形式进行反馈是星系演化的一个重要方面，解释了为什么与宇宙的重子预算相比，星系形成的恒星相对较少。星系外流在恒星形成星系中普遍存在，可能调节并最终阻止恒星形成。尽管反馈对于星系演化过程至关重要，但其物理机制仍然知之甚少。该项目将通过表征物理特性并确定致密星暴星系的空间密度来测试恒星反馈的极限，这些星暴星系表现出已知的最快流出（1000公里/秒）和最高恒星形成速率表面密度。该项目将确定这些星系的尘埃星暴核心以及多相流出气体的物理特征。这些结果将限制这些极端流出的物理驱动因素，以及它们对宿主星系的影响。该项目旨在全面表征流出的性质，测试恒星形成停止和反馈发展的时间序列，并将这些星系置于大质量星系形成的更广泛背景中。该项目还将支持多名本科生和两名研究生的研究工作，并将通过课堂视频讨论和后续反思将专业天文学家带入课堂，支持将 K-12 学生与研究联系起来的外展工作该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Kinematics, Structure, and Mass Outflow Rates of Extreme Starburst Galactic Outflows

极端星暴星系流出的运动学、结构和质量流出速率

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acc660
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Perrotta, Serena;Coil, Alison L.;Rupke, David S. N.;Tremonti, Christy A.;Davis, Julie D.;Diamond;Geach, James E.;Hickox, Ryan C.;Moustakas, John;Rudnick, Gregory H.;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

A 100-kiloparsec wind feeding the circumgalactic medium of a massive compact galaxy

100 千秒差距的风为巨大致密星系的环绕星系介质提供能量

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1686-1
• 发表时间: 2019-10
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Rupke, David S.;Coil, Alison;Geach, James E.;Tremonti, Christy;Diamond;George, Erin R.;Hickox, Ryan C.;Kepley, Amanda A.;Leung, Gene;Moustakas, John;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

The Ionization and Dynamics of the Makani Galactic Wind

马卡尼银河风的电离和动力学

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acbfae
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Rupke, David S.;Coil, Alison L.;Perrotta, Serena;Davis, Julie D.;Diamond;Geach, James E.;Hickox, Ryan C.;Moustakas, John;Petter, Grayson C.;Rudnick, Gregory H.;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Ionized gas extends over 40 kpc in an odd radio circle host galaxy

电离气体在一个奇怪的射电圆主星系中延伸超过 40 kpc

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06752-8
• 发表时间: 2024-01
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Coil, Alison L.;Perrotta, Serena;Rupke, David S.;Lochhaas, Cassandra;Tremonti, Christy A.;Diamond;Fielding, Drummond;Geach, James E.;Hickox, Ryan C.;Moustakas, John;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Physical Properties of Massive Compact Starburst Galaxies with Extreme Outflows

具有极端流出的大质量致密星暴星系的物理特性

• 发表时间: 2021-01
• 期刊: The astrophysical journal
• 作者: Perrotta, Serena;George, Erin R.;Coil, Alison L.;Tremonti, Christy A.;Rupke, David S.;Davis, Julie D.;Diamond;Geach, James E.;Hickox, Ryan C.;Moustakas, John;et al
• 通讯作者: et al