Origin and Fate of Harmful Algal Blooms in the Warming Chukchi Sea

变暖的楚科奇海有害藻华的起源和命运

• 批准号: 1823002
• 负责人: Donald Anderson
• 金额: $ 149.56万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1823002&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Origin; Fate; Harmful; Algal; Blooms

The Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean is warming, in particular the shallow Chukchi Sea. As a result, many organisms may spread into Arctic waters, and some present significant threats to human and ecosystem health, such as harmful algal bloom (HAB) species (commonly called red tides). The investigators present evidence that HABs occur in the Chukchi Sea and we know that the potent neurotoxins they produce can affect marine mammals, seabirds, and other resources critical to subsistence harvesters. At the same time, little is known about the present and future risk from toxic algae to humans in the Pacific Arctic region. This study will be the first to document the current distribution of highly toxic HAB species at high resolution over large spatial scales within the Alaskan Arctic and along its transport pathways and will provide estimates of areas at high risk of toxicity now and in a warming future. The investigators will disseminate results via brochures, public lectures, and radio interviews in native communities, as well as through discussions with local scientists and managers. The project will contribute to K-12 education through the Woods Hole Science and Technology Educational Partnership and will provide training for postdoctoral investigators and graduate and undergraduate students.The hypothesis underlying this project is that harmful algal bloom species (HABs) in Alaskan Arctic waters are not only advected from the south through Bering Strait but are now originating locally on the Chukchi shelf due to warming temperatures, circulation dynamics, and water mass structure that influence bloom magnitude, duration, toxicity, and recurrence. This will be addressed through a joint physical-biological field and laboratory program to study the relationship between HAB species distribution/dynamics and the physical environment of the Chukchi Sea region. The distribution of HAB species on the Chukchi shelf will be mapped in relation to hydrography and circulation, including a comprehensive survey of the Alaskan Coastal Current which transports the warmest water in the Chukchi Sea. A range of molecular and physiological tools will be used to investigate the origin, connectivity, and fate of HAB populations in the region in the context of large-scale wind forcing and partitioning of water masses flowing through Bering Strait and the Chukchi Sea. Cyst and isotope profiling will establish a historical record of blooms along the major transport pathways to the western Arctic. Finally, conceptual models of the origin, transport, and fate of HABs in the Chukchi Sea region will elucidate linkages to the flow pathways, dynamics, and characteristics of the different water masses.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

北冰洋的太平洋部分正在变暖，特别是楚科奇海浅海。因此，许多生物体可能扩散到北极水域，其中一些生物体对人类和生态系统健康构成重大威胁，例如有害藻华 (HAB) 物种（通常称为赤潮）。研究人员提供的证据表明，HAB 存在于楚科奇海，我们知道它们产生的强效神经毒素会影响海洋哺乳动物、海鸟和其他对维持生计的捕捞者至关重要的资源。与此同时，人们对太平洋北极地区有毒藻类目前和未来对人类造成的风险知之甚少。这项研究将首次以高分辨率记录阿拉斯加北极地区及其运输路径上大空间尺度上高毒性 HAB 物种的当前分布，并将提供目前和变暖的未来高毒性风险区域的估计。调查人员将通过小册子、公开讲座和当地社区的广播采访以及与当地科学家和管理人员的讨论来传播结果。该项目将通过伍兹霍尔科技教育合作伙伴关系为 K-12 教育做出贡献，并将为博士后研究人员以及研究生和本科生提供培训。该项目的假设是，阿拉斯加北极水域的有害藻华物种 (HAB)不仅从南部通过白令海峡平流传播，而且由于温度升高、环流动态和水团结构影响水华强度、持续时间、毒性和复发，现在它们起源于楚科奇陆架本地。这将通过物理-生物领域和实验室联合计划来解决，以研究 HAB 物种分布/动态与楚科奇海地区物理环境之间的关系。将根据水文学和环流绘制楚科奇大陆架上 HAB 物种的分布图，包括对输送楚科奇海最温暖海水的阿拉斯加沿岸流进行全面调查。在大规模风力强迫和流经白令海峡和楚科奇海的水团分离的背景下，将使用一系列分子和生理工具来研究该地区HAB种群的起源、连通性和命运。胞囊和同位素分析将建立通往北极西部的主要运输通道沿线的藻华历史记录。最后，楚科奇海地区 HAB 的起源、运输和命运的概念模型将阐明不同水团的流动路径、动态和特征之间的联系。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并被认为值得支持通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估。

项目成果

Impact of Sea‐Ice Dynamics on the Spatial Distribution of Diatom Resting Stages in Sediments of the Pacific Arctic Region

海冰动力学对太平洋北极地区沉积物中硅藻休眠阶段空间分布的影响

• DOI: 10.1029/2021jc017223
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: Fukai, Yuri;Matsuno, Kohei;Fujiwara, Amane;Suzuki, Koji;Richlen, Mindy L.;Fachon, Evangeline;Anderson, Donald M.
• 通讯作者: Anderson, Donald M.

Harmful Algal Blooms in the Alaskan Arctic: An Emerging Threat as the Ocean Warms

阿拉斯加北极地区有害藻类大量繁殖：海洋变暖带来的新威胁

• DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2022.121
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Oceanography
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Anderson, Donald;Fachon, Evangeline;Hubbard, Katherine;Lefebvre, Kathi;Lin, Peigen;Pickart, Robert;Richlen, Mindy;Sheffield, Gay;Van Hemert, Caroline
• 通讯作者: Van Hemert, Caroline