Connecting Hydrology, Biology, and Geochemistry in a Coastal Wetland: Feedbacks between Ecosystem Processes toward Predictive Understanding

连接沿海湿地的水文学、生物学和地球化学：生态系统过程之间的反馈以实现预测性理解

基本信息

批准号：
1759879
负责人：
Holly Michael
金额：
$ 37.42万
依托单位：
University of Delaware
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2022-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1759879&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Connecting Hydrology Biology Geochemistry Coastal

项目摘要

Coastal marshes play a critical role in the carbon cycle because they store vast amounts of carbon and regulate its movement between land, ocean, and atmosphere. Given their position at the land-sea margin, tidal marshes are threatened by rising seas, changing climatic conditions, and human pressures, which may release previously stored carbon and reduce their ability to store carbon in the future. The resulting impacts on the carbon cycle will depend on how changes in marsh hydrology affect the movement and chemical form of carbon, but these impacts are currently unknown. This study explores the impacts of changing hydrologic conditions on marsh water chemistry and links these to changes in carbon movement between tidal marshes and the coastal ocean. The research improves predictions of how carbon budgets may change in the future and enables managers to better protect the carbon storage potential of these fragile coastal ecosystems. The project also enhances education opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students, and enables the development of the St. Jones National Estuarine Research Reserve for course instruction and public outreach.Estuaries and marshes are globally important reservoirs of carbon and the critical points of interaction between land and oceans where carbon and nutrients are cycled. Despite their importance, the hydrological controls on biogeochemistry and, in turn, carbon dynamics of these ecosystems are relatively understudied, limiting the capacity to predict feedbacks with climate change and sea-level rise, to value marsh ecosystem services, and to manage human activities in these fragile landscapes. This project incorporates field, laboratory, and modeling approaches to elucidate how carbon dynamics in coastal marshes are driven by the spatially and temporally complex hydrology through interactions between physical and biogeochemical factors. This research (1) delineates the marsh based on hydrology, subsurface geochemistry, and biological activity, (2) establishes mechanistic linkages between changes in biological, geochemical, and hydrologic factors, and (3) combines mechanistic information with hydrological modeling to gain insights into longer timescale impacts of hydrologic change on redox zonations and associated carbon dynamics. Field analyses are conducted in a mid-Atlantic tidal marsh at the St. Jones National Estuarine Research Reserve in Dover, Delaware. This work fills gaps in the understanding of the hydrologic impacts on marsh biogeochemistry and identifies specific factors controlling carbon dynamics and fluxes between marshes and the coastal ocean. This integrated study promotes development of new conceptual and quantitative models to predict feedbacks between biogeochemistry and hydrologic change in coastal systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

沿海沼泽在碳循环中发挥着至关重要的作用，因为它们储存了大量的碳并调节其在陆地、海洋和大气之间的移动。鉴于其位于陆地与海洋边缘的位置，潮汐沼泽受到海平面上升、气候条件变化和人类压力的威胁，这可能会释放以前储存的碳并降低其未来储存碳的能力。对碳循环产生的影响将取决于沼泽水文的变化如何影响碳的运动和化学形式，但这些影响目前尚不清楚。这项研究探讨了水文条件变化对沼泽水化学的影响，并将其与潮汐沼泽和沿海海洋之间碳运动的变化联系起来。该研究改进了对未来碳预算如何变化的预测，并使管理者能够更好地保护这些脆弱的沿海生态系统的碳储存潜力。该项目还增加了本科生和研究生的教育机会，并促进圣琼斯国家河口研究保护区的开发，用于课程教学和公共宣传。河口和沼泽是全球重要的碳库，也是陆地和海洋之间相互作用的关键点。碳和养分循环的海洋。尽管它们很重要，但对生物地球化学的水文控制以及这些生态系统的碳动态研究相对不足，限制了预测气候变化和海平面上升反馈、评估沼泽生态系统服务以及管理人类活动的能力。这些脆弱的景观。该项目结合了现场、实验室和建模方法，以阐明沿海沼泽的碳动态如何通过物理和生物地球化学因素之间的相互作用由时空复杂的水文驱动。这项研究 (1) 根据水文学、地下地球化学和生物活动来描绘沼泽，(2) 建立生物、地球化学和水文因素变化之间的机械联系，(3) 将机械信息与水文模型相结合，深入了解水文变化对氧化还原带和相关碳动力学的较长时间尺度影响。现场分析是在特拉华州多佛市圣琼斯国家河口研究保护区的大西洋中部潮汐沼泽中进行的。这项工作填补了水文对沼泽生物地球化学影响的理解空白，并确定了控制沼泽和沿海海洋之间碳动态和通量的具体因素。这项综合研究促进了新概念和定量模型的开发，以预测沿海系统生物地球化学和水文变化之间的反馈。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of geochemical controls on carbon cycling in a tidal salt marsh

潮汐盐沼碳循环地球化学控制的时空异质性

DOI：
10.1016/j.gca.2020.05.013
发表时间：
2020-08-01
期刊：
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
影响因子：
5
作者：
A. Seyfferth;Frances Bothfeld;R. Vargas;J. Stuckey;Jian Wang;Kelli A Kearns;H. Michael;J. Guimond;Xuan Yu;D. Sparks
通讯作者：
D. Sparks

Hyperspectral Reflectance for Measuring Canopy‐Level Nutrients and Photosynthesis in a Salt Marsh

用于测量盐沼中冠层养分和光合作用的高光谱反射率

DOI：
10.1029/2022jg007088
发表时间：
2022-11
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
影响因子：
0
作者：
Vázquez‐Lule, Alma;Seyfferth, Angelia L.;Limmer, Matt A.;Mey, Paul;Guevara, Mario;Vargas, Rodrigo
通讯作者：
Vargas, Rodrigo

Effects of Marsh Migration on Flooding, Saltwater Intrusion, and Crop Yield in Coastal Agricultural Land Subject to Storm Surge Inundation

沼泽迁移对遭受风暴潮淹没的沿海农田洪水、海水入侵和农作物产量的影响