NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: Linking geophysics and volcanic gas measurements to constrain the transcrustal magmatic system at the Altiplano-Puna Deformation Anomaly

NSFGEO-NERC：合作研究：将地球物理学和火山气体测量联系起来，以约束高原-普纳变形异常处的穿地壳岩浆系统

基本信息

批准号：
1757495
负责人：
Matthew Pritchard
金额：
$ 26.19万
依托单位：
Cornell University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-05-01 至 2023-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1757495&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
NSFGEO NERC Collaborative Research Linking

项目摘要

The path that magma takes through the crust is not well understood -- where is magma stored and under what conditions will it erupt? While this question is of fundamental scientific interest, it is also directly related to understanding the hazard posed by volcanic systems that are showing signs of activity and unrest. This project seeks to understand the cause of unrest and the architecture of the magma storage system within the central Andes, home to the world's largest geophysically imaged zone of silicic partial melt, the Altiplano-Puna Magma (or Mush) Body (APMB). This project involves scientists in the USA, United Kingdom, and Bolivia to collect new field measurements (gravity, ground deformation, seismic, gas flux and composition) at Uturuncu volcano, Bolivia and develop numerical models of the volcano motivated by the new data. In particular, the new data will add to the limited understand of the background activity at restless volcanoes that is necessary to better assess the hazard of future volcanic unrest -- what is normal activity and what should cause concern?There is a new emerging paradigm of a transcrustal magmatic system (TCMS) where magma storage and differentiation occurs at several locations throughout the entire crustal column. This conceptual revolution is being driven by petrological, geochronological, and geochemical studies of magma storage conditions that show (1) many large eruptions tap multiple melt sources, (2) large melt bodies are probably transient features, (3) crystals carried by the transporting melt have been stored at a range of pressures and temperatures. A key location to assess and refine models of currently active TCMS is at the APMB, where a large ground deformation pattern 150 km in diameter lasting several decades has been observed centered on Uturuncu volcano, Bolivia. By collecting and analyzing new interdisciplinary field measurements (gravity, ground deformation, seismic, gas flux and composition) and developing 3D numerical models, this proposal will answer several outstanding questions about the nature of TCMS at the APMB: 1. What is the cause of deformation in the midcrust at the APMB: a magmatic diapir, cyclic up and down movements from magma mush reorganization involving magma and/or volatiles, or something else? 2. What is the nature of a shallow-seated conductivity anomaly -- to what extent is it partial melt, a hydrothermal brine reservoir, or a mature ore body? 3. What is the flux of volatiles through the TCMS? 4. How important is crustal anisotropy in the interpretation of the subsurface magma plumbing architecture?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

岩浆穿过地壳的路径尚不清楚——岩浆储存在哪里以及在什么条件下会喷发？虽然这个问题具有基本的科学意义，但它也与了解显示出活动和不稳定迹象的火山系统所造成的危险直接相关。该项目旨在了解安第斯山脉中部动乱的原因和岩浆储存系统的结构，安第斯山脉中部是世界上最大的硅质部分熔融地球物理成像区——高原-普纳岩浆体（APMB）的所在地。该项目涉及美国、英国和玻利维亚的科学家，在玻利维亚乌图伦库火山收集新的现场测量结果（重力、地面变形、地震、气体通量和成分），并根据新数据开发火山的数值模型。特别是，新数据将增加对不安火山背景活动的有限了解，这对于更好地评估未来火山动荡的危险是必要的——什么是正常活动，什么应该引起关注？跨地壳岩浆系统（TCMS），其中岩浆储存和分化发生在整个地壳柱的多个位置。这一概念革命是由岩浆储存条件的岩石学、地质年代学和地球化学研究推动的，这些研究表明（1）许多大型喷发利用多个熔体源，（2）大型熔体可能是瞬态特征，（3）运输过程中携带的晶体熔体已在一定压力和温度下储存。评估和完善当前活跃的 TCMS 模型的关键地点是 APMB，在那里观察到以玻利维亚乌图伦库火山为中心的直径为 150 公里、持续数十年的大型地面变形模式。通过收集和分析新的跨学科现场测量（重力、地面变形、地震、气体通量和成分）并开发 3D 数值模型，该提案将回答有关 APMB 的 TCMS 性质的几个突出问题： 1. 造成这种现象的原因是什么？ APMB 中地壳的变形：岩浆底辟、涉及岩浆和/或挥发物的岩浆糊状重组引起的周期性上下运动，还是其他什么？ 2. 浅层电导率异常的性质是什么——在多大程度上是部分熔融、热液储层还是成熟矿体？ 3. 通过 TCMS 的挥发物通量是多少？ 4. 地壳各向异性在解释地下岩浆管道结构方面有多重要？该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Multiple spatial and temporal scales of deformation from geodetic monitoring point to active transcrustal magma system at Uturuncu volcano, Bolivia

从大地测量点到玻利维亚乌图伦库火山活动穿地壳岩浆系统的多时空尺度变形

DOI：
10.1130/ges02520.1
发表时间：
2023-02
期刊：
Geosphere
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Eiden, Elizabeth;MacQueen, Patricia;Henderson, Scott;Pritchard, Matthew
通讯作者：
Pritchard, Matthew

Transcrustal Compressible Fluid Flow Explains the Altiplano‐Puna Gravity and Deformation Anomalies

跨地壳可压缩流体流动解释了高原-普纳重力和变形异常

DOI：
10.1029/2022gl099487
发表时间：
2022-08
期刊：
Geophysical Research Letters
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Gottsmann, J.;Eiden, E.;Pritchard, M. E.
通讯作者：
Pritchard, M. E.

Hydrothermal Fluids and Where to Find Them: Using Seismic Attenuation and Anisotropy to Map Fluids Beneath Uturuncu Volcano, Bolivia

热液以及在哪里可以找到它们：利用地震衰减和各向异性来绘制玻利维亚乌图伦库火山下方的流体图

DOI：
10.1029/2022gl100974
发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
Geophysical Research Letters
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Hudson, T. S.;Kendall, J. M.;Blundy, J. D.;Pritchard, M. E.;MacQueen, P.;Wei, S. S.;Gottsmann, J. H.;Lapins, S.
通讯作者：
Lapins, S.

From slab to surface: Earthquake evidence for fluid migration at Uturuncu volcano, Bolivia

从板块到地表：玻利维亚乌图伦库火山流体迁移的地震证据

DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117268
发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
Earth and Planetary Science Letters
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Hudson, Thomas S.;Kendall, J;Pritchard, Matthew E.;Blundy, Jonathan D.;Gottsmann, Joachim H.
通讯作者：
Gottsmann, Joachim H.

Dissecting a Zombie: Joint Analysis of Density and Resistivity Models Reveals Shallow Structure and Possible Sulfide Deposition at Uturuncu Volcano, Bolivia

解剖僵尸：密度和电阻率模型的联合分析揭示了玻利维亚乌图伦库火山的浅层结构和可能的硫化物沉积

DOI：
10.3389/feart.2021.725917
发表时间：
2021-09
期刊：
Frontiers in Earth Science
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
MacQueen, Patricia;Gottsmann, Joachim;Pritchard, Matthew E.;Young, Nicola;Ticona J, Faustino;Ticona, Eusebio;Tintaya, Ruben
通讯作者：
Tintaya, Ruben