Synthesis and Applications of Functional Carbon Nanomaterials

功能性碳纳米材料的合成及应用

基本信息

批准号：
1809740
负责人：
Timothy Swager
金额：
$ 56.5万
依托单位：
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-07-01 至 2022-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1809740&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Synthesis Applications Functional Carbon Nanomaterials

项目摘要

Non-Technical Abstract:There is an increasing need for more cost-effective, portable methods to measure and identify molecular species related to the environment, health, and industrial processes. Traditional analytical instruments often require a skilled operator and are expensive and bulky. This research seeks to make advances in these measurement methods by creating new electronic nanomaterials that enable the formation of highly specific chemical sensors. Key to creating selectivity in such materials is the ability to tailor the chemical environment so that they interact or react with the molecule of interest. New chemical reactions will be developed to attach groups to carbon nanotubes and create nanowires that will conduct more or less electrical current in response to the presence of a target molecule. Sensors empowered by these new nanomaterials can be lightweight, have very low power requirements, and can be the basis of new generations of functional materials. Nanostructured materials will be developed that detect toxic or biologically active chemicals that can be encountered in the workplace or at home. Technical Abstract:This project will create new functional carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphenes by developing/improving reactions that lead to the covalent attachment of different groups to the graphene pi-surfaces. These methods will expand the diversity of functional groups that can be attached and enable novel material concepts and functional interfaces. New functionalization methods will be developed using reactive intermediates such as fluorinated carbenes and nitrenes. We will direct our efforts by determining the impact of functionalization on the mobility of the carriers in the materials. It has been theoretically predicted that the products from carbenes and nitrenes will result in minimal perturbations to the extended electronic structure. In addition to perfecting and extending the methods initiated previously, this program will explore the covalent attachment of more complex molecular scaffolds that can create binding sites for molecules of interest. The functional nature of the target materials provides natural transitions to impactful, real-world applications. These include transduction materials that enable wearable sensors for workers who may be exposed to harmful chemicals in chemical/polymer production and/or coating processes. Creating soluble forms of SWCNTs and graphene opens a wide range of opportunities for fabrication of organic electronics for the selective assembly at interfaces.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要：越来越需要更具成本效益，便携式方法来测量和识别与环境，健康和工业过程相关的分子物种。传统的分析仪器通常需要熟练的操作员，并且昂贵而笨重。这项研究试图通过创建新的电子纳米材料来实现这些测量方法的进步，从而形成高度特定的化学传感器。在这种材料中产生选择性的关键是能够定制化学环境，以便它们与感兴趣的分子相互作用或反应。将开发出新的化学反应，以将基团连接到碳纳米管上，并产生纳米线，该纳米线将对目标分子的存在进行或多或少进行电流。这些新的纳米材料赋予的传感器可以轻巧，功率要求非常低，并且可以成为新一代功能材料的基础。将开发纳米结构的材料，以检测在工作场所或家里遇到的有毒或生物活性化学物质。技术摘要：该项目将通过开发/改善反应，从而创建新的功能性碳纳米管（CNT）和石墨烯，从而导致不同组与石墨烯Pi-Surfaces的共同附着。这些方法将扩大可以附加的官能团的多样性，并启用新颖的材料概念和功能界面。新的功能化方法将使用反应性中间体（例如氟化的碳烯和硝酸盐）开发。我们将通过确定功能化对材料中运营商的活动的影响来指导我们的努力。从理论上讲，来自碳纤维和硝酸盐的产物将导致对扩展电子结构的扰动。除了完善和扩展以前启动的方法外，该程序还将探索更复杂的分子支架的共价附着，这些附着可以为感兴趣的分子创建结合位点。目标材料的功能性质提供了自然过渡到有影响力的现实世界应用。这些包括转导材料，可为可能暴露于化学/聚合物生产和/或涂料工艺中的有害化学物质的工人启用可穿戴传感器。创建SWCNT和石墨烯的可溶性形式为在接口处的选择性组装制造有机电子设备开辟了广泛的机会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响来进行评估，并具有广泛的影响。。