Collaborative Research: 1D Nanoconfined Helium: A Versatile Platform for Exploring Luttinger Liquid Physics

合作研究：一维纳米限制氦：探索 Luttinger 液体物理的多功能平台

基本信息

批准号：
1809027
负责人：
Paul Sokol
金额：
$ 45.56万
依托单位：
Indiana University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-06-01 至 2023-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1809027&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research 1D Nanoconfined Helium

项目摘要

NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award funds a collaborative effort to explore the physics of one-dimensional (1D) systems. Ordinary matter confined in 1D can behave quite differently than in two or three dimensions. Understanding this behavior has become increasingly important as the feature sizes in electronic devices continue to decrease. To explore the effects of confinement in 1D, the research team will use a model system of helium atoms confined in tailored materials with nanometer channels that are only a few atoms wide. This system offers the unique advantage that the interactions of the particles can be varied over a large range: from weak interactions, relevant to trapped atoms used for quantum computing, to strong interactions, as in one-dimensional electronic wires in integrated circuits. Neutron scattering studies which can probe both the structure and motion of the nanoconfined helium will allow the investigators to measure and discover unique physical behavior in one dimension. State-of-the-art computer simulations will be used to perform numerical experiments in tandem with those undertaken in the laboratory, providing an opportunity to test theoretical predictions. This project will also support broad interdisciplinary training of graduate students in sample synthesis and characterization, and in experimental and high-performance computational techniques. In addition, the researchers will develop an online course in Quantum Fluids and Solids, filling an existing curricular gap and engaging with a broad group of students on a topic of fundamental and technological importance.TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports joint experimental and theoretical research to explore quantum many-body physics in one spatial dimension using helium as a model system. One-dimensional systems have been of long-standing interest due to a profound difference from their two- and three-dimensional counterparts, whose properties can be described in terms of quasiparticles. This quasiparticle picture breaks down completely in one dimension where the fundamental excitations are collective and described by the universal Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid (TLL) theory. The research team will develop, optimize, and explore a novel platform for TLL physics. The project consists of tightly coupled experimental and quantum-simulation research to (1) fabricate ordered templated porous materials preplated with rare-gas adsorbates as a confinement platform exhibiting nanometer-scale pores; (2) Perform elastic neutron scattering measurements of the static correlation function; and (3) Carry out inelastic neutron scattering measurements. The main focus of the research team will be on two areas where theory predicts novel new behavior that has not been verified experimentally: (1) static correlations where TLL predicts an algebraic decay in the correlations even though no true long-range order is possible; and (2) the dynamical excitations of the liquid where a particle-hole-like excitation spectrum is predicted independent of the particle statistics. The integration of ab initio simulations with experimental scattering measurements will yield unambiguous confirmation of exotic field theory predictions in the laboratory.This research will develop a deeper fundamental understanding of a model that is not only central to many areas of current interest, but also has technological applications in nanoelectronics, atomtronics, quantum sensing, and quantum-information science. The project will also provide students with broad interdisciplinary training in synthesis and characterization, low-temperature techniques, x-ray and neutron scattering, use of national facilities, as well as field theory and high-performance computation. In addition, the researchers will develop an online course in Quantum Fluids and Solids, filling an existing curricular gap and engaging with a broad group of students on a topic of fundamental and technological importance.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要这一奖项为探索一维（1D）系统的物理学的合作努力提供了资金。一维限制的普通物质的行为与两个或三个维度的行为截然不同。随着电子设备中的特征大小不断减少，了解这种行为变得越来越重要。为了探索1D限制的效果，研究团队将使用仅限制在只有几个原子宽的纳米通道的量身定制材料的氦原子模型系统。该系统提供了一个独特的优势，即粒子的相互作用可以在较大的范围内变化：从弱相互作用，与用于量子计算的被困原子相关的弱相互作用到强烈的相互作用，就像集成电路中的一维电子线一样。可以探测纳米构氦的结构和运动的中子散射研究将使研究人员能够在一个维度上测量和发现独特的身体行为。最先进的计算机仿真将用于与实验室中进行的数字实验进行数值实验，从而提供了测试理论预测的机会。该项目还将支持研究生在样本合成和表征以及实验和高性能计算技术方面的广泛跨学科培训。此外，研究人员将开发量子流体和固体的在线课程，填补现有的课程差距，并与一群学生互动，讨论一个基本和技术重要性的主题。技术摘要颁奖奖项支持共同的实验和理论研究，以探索使用模型系统的一种空间变化中的量子物理学。一维系统由于其二维和三维对应物的差异而引起了长期的兴趣，其特性可以用准粒子来描述。该准颗粒图在一个维度上完全分解，在一个维度上，基本激发是集体的，并由通用的tomonaga-luttinger-liquid（TLL）理论描述。研究团队将开发，优化和探索一个新颖的TLL物理平台。该项目由与（1）制造有序的模板材料的紧密耦合的实验和量子模拟研究组成，该材料以稀有气体吸附物为抑制平台，以纳米尺度的孔隙为约束；（2）执行静态相关函数的弹性中子散射测量；（3）进行非弹性中子散射测量。研究团队的主要重点将放在两个领域，其中理论预测新的新行为，这些新行为尚未通过实验进行验证：（1）静态相关性，即即使没有真正的长期顺序，TLL预测相关性的代数衰减，即使静态相关性；（2）液体的动力激发，其中颗粒样激发光谱的液体被预测与粒子统计无关。 AB INITIO仿真与实验散射测量的整合将为实验室中的外来田间理论预测提供明确的确认。这项研究将对模型进行更深入的基本理解，这不仅是当前感兴趣的许多领域的核心，而且在纳米电脑，原子质，量子量子，量子，量子感官和量子上以及量子上以及量子上具有技术应用。该项目还将为学生提供综合和表征，低温技术，X射线和中子散射，国家设施的使用以及现场理论和高性能计算的广泛跨学科培训。此外，研究人员将开发量子流体和固体的在线课程，填补现有的课程差距，并与一群学生互动，讨论一个基本和技术重要性的主题。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子的知识和广泛影响来评估的支持，并被认为是值得的。