Exploring Gravitational and Nuclear Physics with Gravitational Wave Astronomy

用引力波天文学探索引力和核物理

基本信息

批准号：
1806776
负责人：
Kento Yagi
金额：
$ 21万
依托单位：
University of Virginia Main Campus
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-01 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1806776&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Exploring Gravitational Nuclear Physics Wave

项目摘要

This project integrates a research program to reveal the extreme nature of gravity and dense matter from gravitational wave observations with outreach events on planetarium shows, public lectures and summer camps to expose the public to frontier research fields in physics. Such an integrated program is extremely timely, as gravitational waves were detected directly for the first time in September 2015 using LIGO, which has long been funded by NSF, and the era of gravitational wave and multimessenger astronomy has begun. The project addresses fundamental questions in gravitational and nuclear physics: (I) Is General Relativity correct in the strong and dynamical field regime of gravity? (II) What is the nature of supranuclear matter? The proposed research establishes a new framework for probing the extreme nature of gravity and dense matter physics with gravitational wave observations. Such a research program will significantly enhance the ability of extracting the scientific return from current and future observations. Understanding the extreme nature of gravity and dense matter may bring implications also to other fields, including particle and high energy physics and cosmology. The outreach part of the project tries to develop public's interests, curiosity and enthusiasms in science by connecting them to the frontier scientific research on gravitational waves through multiple outreach events. Such activities allow the PI and collaborators to directly reach, inspire and excite, in particular, the next generation of scientists.The research objectives are (i) to maximize the ability of extracting gravitational physics information from the currently-available gravitational wave data, (ii) to consider new sources of gravitational waves as probes of strong and dynamical field gravity and (iii) to reveal how accurately one can determine the equation of state for supranuclear matter with current and future gravitational wave observations. PI Yagi will take the following methodology to achieve the above research goals. On the gravitational physics front, the PI's team will focus on studying corrections away from General Relativity entering in the amplitude of gravitational waveforms that have mostly been neglected. The team will also consider astrophysical stochastic backgrounds as new sources of gravitational waves to probe strong and dynamical field gravity. On the nuclear physics front, PI Yagi and collaborators will carry out a detailed Bayesian parameter estimation study by including spin precession and adopting universal relations for neutron stars that do not depend strongly on the unknown equation of state. They will also study universal relations among tidal parameters and nuclear physics parameters so that one can directly probe the latter with gravitational wave observations. The educational part of the proposal aims at conveying the historical discovery of gravitational waves and the beauty of General Relativity to the public. PI Yagi and collaborators will achieve this goal by displaying a planetarium show created by collaborator Yunes at Montana State University at several different planetarium domes in Virginia, including those at James Madison University and Radford University. The PI and collaborators at James Madison University will also host a summer camp on General Relativity and gravitational waves for middle-school students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目集成了一项研究计划，以揭示引力波观察的重力和密集物质的极端性质，并在天文馆，公开讲座和夏令营上进行外展活动，以使公众暴露于物理学领域的Frontier Research领域。这样的集成程序非常及时，因为使用Ligo直接在2015年9月直接检测到引力波，而Ligo长期以来一直由NSF资助，而引力波和多中期天文学的时代已经开始。该项目解决了重力和核物理学中的基本问题：（i）在重力强，动态的场状态下，一般相对论是正确的吗？（ii）上核问题的本质是什么？提出的研究建立了一个新的框架，用于探测重力波观测的重力和密集物理物理的极端性质。这样的研究计划将显着增强从当前和将来的观察结果中提取科学回报的能力。了解重力和密集物质的极端性质可能还会对其他领域（包括粒子和高能量物理学和宇宙学）产生影响。该项目的宣传部分试图通过多个外展活动将公众的利益，好奇心和科学的热情联系起来。此类活动使PI和合作者能够直接到达，激发和激发下一代科学家。研究目标是（i）最大化从当前可吸引的引力数据中提取引力物理信息的能力，（ii）考虑重力的新来源，以揭示强度和动态性的范围（III）的范围（III）的探针（III）的探针（III III），这是一个准确的范围。以及未来的引力波观测。 Pi Yagi将采用以下方法来实现上述研究目标。在引力物理方面，PI的团队将专注于研究校正，从大多数被忽略的引力波形的振幅中进入一般相对论。该小组还将将天体物理随机背景视为重力波的新来源，以探测强大而动态的场重力。在核物理方面，Pi Yagi和合作者将通过包括旋转进动和采用不明显状态方程的中子星的普遍关系来进行详细的贝叶斯参数估计研究。他们还将研究潮汐参数和核物理参数之间的普遍关系，以便可以通过引力波观测直接探测后者。该提案的教育部分旨在传达引力浪潮的历史发现以及对公众的一般相对性的美丽。 Pi Yagi和合作者将通过展示由蒙大拿州立大学合作者Yunes在弗吉尼亚州的几个不同的天文馆，包括詹姆斯·麦迪逊大学和拉德福德大学的蒙大拿州立大学的合作者Yunes创建的天文馆表演来实现这一目标。詹姆斯·麦迪逊大学（James Madison University）的PI和合作者还将为中学生举办一个夏令营，涉及一般相对论和引力浪潮。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的评估评估的评估值得支持的。