P2C2: A 20,000 Year Ice Core-Derived Record of Paleoclimate and Environmental Variability in the Tropical Andes: Nevado Huascaran, Cordillera Blanca, Peru

P2C2：热带安第斯山脉古气候和环境变化的 20,000 年冰芯记录：秘鲁布兰卡山脉 Nevado Huascaran

• 批准号: 1805819
• 负责人: Lonnie Thompson
• 金额: $ 142.5万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-15 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1805819&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: P2C2; 20; 000; Year; Ice

The researchers intend to drill two 165-meter long cores to bedrock from the col (i.e., the lowest point on a mountain ridge between two peaks) at 6,050 meters above sea level masl) and two 70-meter cores from the South Peak summit at 6,756 masl). Although the col was surveyed and successfully drilled to bedrock in 1993, summit drilling was not possible, and only a few dating techniques were available to help establish a valid time scale for the last 20,000 years. Stable isotope records from Huascaran will provide histories of mid-troposphere temperature and precipitation, and the site's proximity to the Amazon Basin will allow the reconstruction of environmental changes in the vast rainforest by analyzing biological parameters (microbial populations, pollen and methane concentrations).The researchers aim to address the following objectives: (1) document and characterize abrupt climate and environmental variations with emphasis on mid-Holocene events and the deglaciation; (2) assess how the climate and environment have changed over the past century in response to anthropogenic forcing; (3) establish tightly constrained timescales for each of the ice cores; (4) determine tropical atmospheric and climatological dynamics on multi-decadal, decadal, and ENSO time scales; (5) assess the regional characteristics of climatic and environmental variability during the Holocene and Last Glacial Stage (LGS) with a focus on changes in the Amazon Basin and determine how they compare to contemporaneous conditions elsewhere; and (6) provide one-quarter of the Huascaran col core for archival at the U.S. National Ice Core Laboratory for future investigations by the scientific community.The potential Broader Impacts (B.I.) includes strong science and educational aspects. Mid-tropospheric warming in the Peruvian Andes, enhanced by recent strong El Ninos, is accelerating glacier retreat. Currently this retreat is increasing dry season water discharge which is not sustainable. Most of Peru's population lives in the west coast desert which relies on glacier streams for agriculture, hydroelectricity, and municipal water supplies. Retreating glaciers also exacerbate geohazards and impact ecosystems, tourism and recreation. Understanding the impact of this acceleration of glacier loss on future water resources requires information about past changes in high elevation glacier mass balance which is virtually unknown, except from a few point-estimates based on ice core studies. Such information is urgently needed by policymakers, governmental agencies, and public resource administrators to help guide mitigation and adaptation strategies. Educational and public outreach will be conducted through Ohio State University's Education and Outreach Program recently established educational and outreach programs in Peru. Such programs are dedicated to providing climatic and environmental information to students, the public, and policymakers at all levels. The project would support early career scientists and continue to foster international collaborations in science.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

研究人员打算将两个165米长的岩心钻到Col（即两个峰之间的山脊之间的最低点），位于海平面MASL以上6,050米之间），从6,756 Masl的South Peak Summit中钻出两个70米核心）。尽管COL在1993年进行了调查并成功地钻探到基岩，但不可能进行峰会钻探，并且只有一些约会技术可用来帮助建立过去20,000年的有效时间尺度。 Stable isotope records from Huascaran will provide histories of mid-troposphere temperature and precipitation, and the site's proximity to the Amazon Basin will allow the reconstruction of environmental changes in the vast rainforest by analyzing biological parameters (microbial populations, pollen and methane concentrations).The researchers aim to address the following objectives: (1) document and characterize abrupt climate and environmental variations with emphasis on中新世事件和脱气； （2）评估过去一个世纪的气候和环境如何响应人为强迫； （3）为每个冰芯建立紧密约束的时间尺度； （4）确定多年，年代和ENSO时间尺度上的热带大气和气候动态； （5）评估全新世和最后冰川阶段（LGS）期间气候和环境变异性的区域特征，重点是亚马逊盆地的变化，并确定它们与其他地方的同时条件相比； （6）在美国国家冰核心实验室提供科学界未来研究的Huascaran Col核心核心核心核心核心。潜在的更广泛的影响（B.I.）包括强大的科学和教育方面。 最近强大的El Ninos增强了秘鲁安第斯山脉中的对流层变暖，正在加速冰川静修。目前，这种务虚会增加了干旱季节的排水，这是不可持续的。 秘鲁的大多数人口都生活在西海岸沙漠，依靠冰川溪流用于农业，水电和市政供水。撤退的冰川也加剧了地球岩和影响生态系统，旅游和娱乐活动。了解这种冰川损失对未来水资源的加速的影响需要有关高海拔冰川质量平衡的过去变化的信息，这实际上是未知的，除了基于冰核心研究的一些点估计量。 决策者，政府机构和公共资源管理人员迫切需要此类信息，以帮助指导缓解和适应策略。教育和公共外展将通过俄亥俄州立大学的教育和外展计划进行，最近在秘鲁建立了教育和外展计划。这样的计划致力于为各个级别的学生，公众和决策者提供气候和环境信息。 该项目将支持早期的职业科学家，并继续促进科学领域的国际合作。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准来评估的。

项目成果

The impacts of warming on rapidly retreating high-altitude, low-latitude glaciers and ice core-derived climate records

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103538
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: Global and Planetary Change
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: L. Thompson;M. Davis;E. Mosley‐Thompson;S. Porter;Gustavo Valdivia Corrales;C. Shuman;C. Tucker

Contribution of biomass burning to black carbon deposition on Andean glaciers: consequences for radiative forcing

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/acb371
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Environmental Research Letters
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: E. Bonilla;L. Mickley;E. Beaudon;L. Thompson;W. Rodriguez;Cruz Encarnación;C. Whicker;M. Flanner;G. Schmitt;P. Ginot