Collaborative Research: Predicting Current-Use Pesticides and Emerging Flame Retardants in a Changing Arctic - Fate and Phototransformation

合作研究：预测不断变化的北极中当前使用的农药和新兴阻燃剂 - 命运和光转化

• 批准号: 1804611
• 负责人: Yu-Ping Chin
• 金额: $ 16.04万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1804611&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Predicting; Current; Use

The Arctic is experiencing rapid changes such as longer ice-free seasons. One issue that must be navigated in this changing landscape is the fate of the many synthetic organic chemicals that ultimately end up in the Arctic. Little is known about the fate of these chemicals once they reach the Artic, and any of these substances can harm organisms and people. The exposure risk of these compounds is tightly coupled to their environmental fate. This research will assess the abundance of these synthetic compounds and the ability of the Arctic environment to break down these substances. To support the education of future scientists on this emerging topic, a high school module will be delivered for the Alaska Summer Research Academy on Arctic environmental chemistry. Additionally, the research groups of Jennifer Guerard and Yu-Ping Chin will recruit a teacher for the Polar TREC (Teachers and Researchers Exploring and Collaborating) Program. If successful, this project will help direct contaminant mitigation efforts that will be required in the rapidly evolving Artic landscape. Organic chemicals from industry and agriculture have been recently detected throughout the Arctic in the tundra, air, water, organisms, and people. However, little is known about the Artic fate of current use pesticides (CUPs) or emerging brominated flame retardants (EBFRs). This collaborative work between the University of Alaska Fairbanks and the University of Delaware seeks to understand how the Arctic's unique environment influences the fate and transformation of CUPs and EBFRs. Photolysis may play a critical role in the fate of these substances due to continuous solar irradiance in summer months coupled with the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM). These factors can catalyze contaminant attenuation through reaction with photo-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) or other pathways. This project tests the hypotheses that: 1) Concentrations of CUPs and EBFRs in surface waters will be highest during and immediately following melt of snowpack; and 2) The formation of analyte-DOM complexes will render these substances more susceptible to photodegradation. The CUPs chlorpyrifos and chlorothalonil, and EBFRs 1,2-bis(2,4,6- tribromophenoxy)ethane and tetrabromobisphenol A, will be measured by atmospheric and aqueous sampling over two field seasons at Toolik Field Station. Partitioning to suspended solids, DOM, and phototransformation pathways influenced by Arctic DOM will be quantified through field and laboratory experiments. Critical measurements will be made of physical and biogeochemical parameters that can be incorporated into an Arctic-specific chemical fate model, including parameters for partitioning into environmental compartments and attenuation rates by photolytic pathways. A chemical fate model for CUPs and EBFRs in Arctic lakes will be developed to predict chemical behavior in Arctic waters under various physical and environmental conditions. Quantifying the persistence and transformation of these compounds will be indispensable for risk assessment and long-term policy development for Arctic region contaminants.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

北极正在经历快速变化，例如较长的无冰季节。在这种不断变化的景观中必须导航的一个问题是许多最终在北极最终出现的合成有机化学物质的命运。这些化学物质一旦到达货币的命运知之甚少，这些物质中的任何一种都会损害生物和人。这些化合物的暴露风险与它们的环境命运紧密结合。这项研究将评估这些合成化合物的丰度以及北极环境分解这些物质的能力。为了支持未来科学家在这个新兴主题上的教育，将为阿拉斯加夏季研究学院提供一个高中模块。此外，珍妮弗·盖拉德（Jennifer Guerard）和尤·普（Yu-Ping）下巴的研究小组将招募一名老师，以探索和研究人员探索和协作）计划。如果成功的话，该项目将有助于指导迅速发展的工艺景观所需的污染物缓解工作。最近在苔原，空气，水，有机体和人的北极地区发现了来自工业和农业的有机化学物质。然而，对于当前使用农药（杯子）或新兴的溴化阻燃剂（EBFR）的表达命运知之甚少。阿拉斯加大学Fairbanks和特拉华大学之间的这项合作工作旨在了解北极的独特环境如何影响杯赛和EBFR的命运和转变。光解可能在这些物质的命运中起关键作用，这是由于夏季连续太阳辐照度以及溶解有机物（DOM）的存在。 这些因素可以通过与光衍生的活性氧（ROS）或其他途径反应来催化污染物的衰减。该项目检验了以下假设：1）地表水中的杯子和EBFR的浓度在积雪融化过程中和立即最高； 2）分析物络合物的形成将使这些物质更容易受到光降解的影响。杯子毒性菌和氯噻霉素，以及EBFRS 1,2-双（2,4,6-三纤维酚​​）乙烷和四苯酚A，将通过在Toolik Field Station的两个现场季节中的大气和水性采样来测量。将北极DOM影响的悬浮固体，DOM和光转化途径的分配将通过现场和实验室实验进行量化。将对可以纳入北极特异性化学命运模型的物理和生物地球化学参数进行关键测量，包括用于分配到环境隔室的参数以及通过光解路途径的衰减率。将开发用于北极湖中杯子和EBFR的化学命运模型，以预测各种物理和环境条件下北极水域的化学行为。量化这些化合物的持久性和转变对于北极地区污染物的风险评估和长期政策制定必不可少。

项目成果

Identification of next-generation International Humic Substances Society reference materials for advancing the understanding of the role of natural organic matter in the Anthropocene

• DOI: 10.1007/s00027-022-00923-x
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Aquatic Sciences
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Y. Chin;D. McKnight;J. D’Andrilli;Nicole Brooks;K. Cawley;J. Guerard;E. Perdue;C. Stedmon;Paul G Tratnyek;P. Westerhoff;A. Wozniak;P. Bloom;C. Foreman;R. Gabor;Jumanah Hamdi;Blair Hanson;R. Hozalski;A. Kellerman;G. McKay;Victoria Silverman;R. Spencer;C. Ward;Danhui Xin;F. Rosario‐Ortiz;Christina K. Remucal;D. Reckhow

Winter Limnology: How do Hydrodynamics and Biogeochemistry Shape Ecosystems Under Ice?

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jg006237
• 发表时间: 2021-06-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Jansen, Joachim;MacIntyre, Sally;Schwefel, Robert
• 通讯作者: Schwefel, Robert