Nonvolatile Gel Electrolytes for Safer Lithium Ion Batteries

用于更安全锂离子电池的非挥发性凝胶电解质

基本信息

批准号：
1802729
负责人：
Matthew Panzer
金额：
$ 31.89万
依托单位：
Tufts University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2022-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1802729&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Nonvolatile Gel Electrolytes Safer Lithium

项目摘要

In order to realize safer batteries for hybrid/electric vehicles and also for future portable or wearable electronic devices, the development of stable, nonflammable, and efficient lithium ion-electrolytes for high energy density lithium-ion batteries is a high research priority. This project will examine the suitability of a new class of gel electrolyte materials that are composed of molten salts (ionic liquids), lithium ions, and zwitterionic polymers. Expected advantages of these materials include: ultralow volatility, a leak-proof design, and good selectivity for lithium ion transport at room temperature. The outcomes of this work will make an immediate impact in the field of energy storage research and are expected to facilitate the development of safe and effective, nonflammable gel electrolyte-containing lithium ion batteries with high energy densities for real-world applications in the near future. Fundamental knowledge on lithium ion transport in these gel systems will result from this project. In addition, this project will provide support for underrepresented minority students in STEM both at the undergraduate and high school levels to participate in a research experience related to energy storage themes. Broader impact and outreach activities will include providing an annual summer research position in the PI's laboratory and hosting a local high school chemistry class visit and electrolyte activity day. This project is also funded by the CBET Molecular Separations Program, NSF 18-1417.This project seeks to develop fundamental understanding and create a coherent framework to describe the factors that determine the varying physical and electrochemical characteristics of a novel class of safer electrolytes for future lithium ion batteries: zwitterionic (co)polymer-supported, nonvolatile lithium cation-conducting ionic liquid gel electrolytes. These objectives will be achieved through a comprehensive spectroscopic investigation of various zwitterion-electrolyte ion intermolecular interactions. Gel electrolytes created via in situ free radical polymerization using two promising classes of nonvolatile electrolytes will be examined: lithium-based solvate ionic liquids, as well as conventional lithium salt/ionic liquid solutions. Zwitterion-ion interactions will be probed using NMR, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopies, while ionic conductivity and lithium ion transference number values will be experimentally determined for all gel electrolytes using AC impedance spectroscopy and DC polarization measurements, respectively. Compressive stress-strain testing will be used to determine elastic modulus values of these gel electrolytes. Linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling will be conducted in order to interrogate gel electrochemical stability and lithium ion battery cell feasibility and performance. One important outcome of this project is linking knowledge of the liquid solution electrochemical properties to the gel version for use as an electrolyte material.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

为了实现用于混合/电动汽车的更安全的电池，以及将来的便携式或可穿戴电子设备，开发稳定，非易燃和高效的锂离子 - 离子电解质，用于高能量锂离子电池是一个很高的研究优先级。该项目将研究由熔融盐（离子液体），锂离子和Zwitterionic聚合物组成的新型凝胶电解质材料的适用性。这些材料的预期优势包括：超速波动率，防泄漏设计以及在室温下锂离子传输的良好选择性。这项工作的结果将立即在储能研究领域产生影响，并有望有助于开发安全有效的，不可易燃的凝胶电解质电解质锂离子电池，具有高能量密度在不久的将来使用现实世界中的高能密度。这些凝胶系统中有关锂离子运输的基本知识将由该项目产生。此外，该项目将为本科和高中级的STEM中代表性不足的少数族裔学生提供支持，以参与与储能主题有关的研究经验。更广泛的影响力和外展活动将包括在PI的实验室中提供年度夏季研究职位，并举办当地的高中化学班级访问和电解质活动日。该项目还由CBET分子分离计划NSF 18-1417资助。该项目旨在建立基本的理解并创建一个连贯的框架，以描述确定新型更安全电解质的物理和电化学特征变化的因素锂离子电池：Zwitterionic（CO）聚合物支持的，非挥发锂阳离子阳离子导电离子液体凝胶电解质。这些目标将通过对各种zwitterion-电解质离子间相互作用进行全面的光谱研究来实现。将检查通过原位自由基聚合创建的凝胶电解质，使用两种有前途的非挥发性电解质类别进行检查：锂基离子液体以及常规的锂盐/离子液体溶液。将使用NMR，FTIR和RAMAN光谱探测Zwitterion-ION相互作用，而离子电导率和锂离子转移数值将分别使用AC障碍光谱和DC极化测量值对所有凝胶电解质进行实验确定。压缩应力应变测试将用于确定这些凝胶电解质的弹性模量值。将进行线性扫描伏安法，循环伏安法和电静态电荷/放电循环，以询问凝胶电化学稳定性以及锂离子电池电池电池可行性和性能。该项目的一个重要结果是将液体解决方案电化学特性的知识与凝胶版本联系起来，以用作电解质材料。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子的评估和更广泛的影响评估来评估值得支持的。标准。