RAPID: Collection of Perishable Data on Wind- and Surge-Induced Residential Building Damage in Texas during 2017 Hurricane Harvey

RAPID：收集 2017 年飓风哈维期间德克萨斯州风和浪涌引起的住宅建筑损坏的易腐数据

• 批准号: 1759996
• 负责人: David Roueche
• 金额: $ 3.99万
• 依托单位: Auburn University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-10-01 至 2018-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1759996&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collection; Perishable; Data; Wind

Windstorms and associated hazards, such as storm surge, routinely cause the most building damage of any natural hazard in the United States. To mitigate this damage, it is important to understand the relationship between wind speed and its characteristics and the resulting building damage. On 25 August 2017, Hurricane Harvey struck the coast of Texas as a Category 4 hurricane with a rare combination of high wind speeds and significant storm surge. Preliminary reconnaissance showed that residential building performance in coastal communities in Texas exposed to the brunt of Hurricane Harvey's impacts was highly variable, even for similar building types that should have experienced similar wind speeds and storm surge levels. This variability demonstrates gaps in the fundamental knowledge of the relationship between hurricane hazards and building damage. This Grant for Rapid Response Research (RAPID) will support field data collection on residential building performance during Hurricane Harvey in order to fill these gaps by formally evaluating the hurricane hazard-to-building damage relationship through direct observation. A better understanding of the hazard-to-damage relationship and the factors that influence it can be used to advance hurricane-resistant building design methodologies and society's resilience to windstorms. All data acquired during the field work will be shared with the engineering research community through the NSF-supported Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) Data Depot available at https://www.designsafe-ci.org. The collected building performance data, matched with wind speed observations or estimates, will provide a library of engineering case studies for use in the classroom to educate the next generation of engineers and architects on the impacts of hurricanes on buildings.Current building design and damage prediction methods assume that windstorm damage is primarily a function of standardized wind speed magnitude, local terrain, and building characteristics, implicitly ignoring any potential differences between extreme wind event types for the same given wind speed, and any effects from potentially coexisting hazards such as storm surge. The goals of this RAPID project are to 1) collect a representative, spatially-referenced database of residential building performance during Hurricane Harvey, 2) develop hurricane fragility functions for wind based on the field data collected, and 3) establish a framework for evaluating the effects of enhanced hazard conditions, such as storm surge or mesovortices within the hurricane eyewall, in addition to high winds, and other extreme wind events such as tornadoes, on the wind-to-damage relationship. Residential building damage data will be collected, from major areas with significant building stock along the impacted Texas coastline, by a team of researchers and graduate students from Auburn University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and University of Maryland. A guided cluster sampling approach over a large spatial area will be used to conduct detailed, ground-based surveys of single-family residential structures with geo-tagged photographs and field notes. The collected data will include the damage ratios for all major building components, characteristics of the building such as construction material and number of stories, and any evidence that could be used to estimate wind speed or storm surge height. The fragility functions developed from the empirical data will be used to facilitate the comparisons between wind-to-damage relationships, demonstrating differences in expected building performance during wind-only, wind and storm surge, and tornado events.

风暴和相关危害（例如风暴潮）通常会造成美国任何自然危害的最大损害。为了减轻这种损害，重要的是要了解风速及其特征与所得建筑物损害之间的关系。 2017年8月25日，哈维飓风以4级飓风袭击了德克萨斯州的海岸，高风速和巨大的风暴潮将罕见。 初步侦察表明，在德克萨斯州沿海社区的住宅建筑表现暴露于哈维飓风的影响下，即使对于应该经历了类似风速和风暴潮流水平的类似建筑类型也是如此。这种可变性表明了关于飓风危害与建筑损害之间关系的基本知识的差距。这项用于快速响应研究的赠款（Rapid）将支持Harvey飓风期间住宅建筑绩效的现场数据收集，以通过正式评估通过直接观察的飓风危害到建造损害关系来填补这些空白。更好地了解危害损害关系以及影响其危害的因素，可用于促进抗飓风的建筑设计方法和社会对暴风雨的韧性。在现场工作期间获得的所有数据将通过NSF支持的自然危害工程研究基础设施（NHERI）数据仓库与工程研究社区共享，可在https://www.designsignsignsafe-ci.org上提供。与风速观察或估计相匹配的收集到的建筑绩效数据将提供一个工程案例研究库，用于在课堂上使用，以教育下一代工程师和建筑师对飓风对建筑物的影响的教育库。速度以及潜在共存危害（例如风暴潮）的任何影响。 这个快速项目的目标是1）收集哈维飓风期间住宅建筑绩效的代表性，空间引用的数据库，2）根据收集的现场数据为风提供飓风脆性功能，以及3）建立一个框架，以评估增强的危险或诸如风暴中的危险中的危险，以及其他危险事件，以及其他危险事件，以及狂风的狂风，以及其他狂风，以及狂暴的狂风，以及狂暴的狂风，以及狂暴的狂风，以及狂风狂潮，以及其他危险事件，以及狂暴的狂风，以及狂风的狂风，以及危险的狂风，以及狂风狂潮，以及狂风狂。风向破坏的关系。 将收集住宅建筑损失数据，由一支来自奥本大学的研究人员和研究生团队，伊利诺伊大学的Urbana-Champaign大学和马里兰大学的研究人员和研究生团队收集。大空间区域上的指导群集抽样方法将用于对带有地理标签的照片和现场注释进行单户住宅结构的详细地面调查。收集的数据将包括所有主要建筑物组件的损坏比，建筑物的特征，例如建筑材料和故事数，以及任何可用于估计风速或风暴潮高的证据。从经验数据开发的脆弱功能将用于促进风向破坏关系之间的比较，表明在仅风，风和风暴潮期和龙卷风事件期间预期的建筑绩效差异。