Collaborative Research: The Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study: Sustained Biogeochemical, Ecosystem and Ocean Change Observations and Linkages in the North Atlantic (Years 31-35)

合作研究：百慕大大西洋时间序列研究：北大西洋持续的生物地球化学、生态系统和海洋变化观测及联系（31-35年）

• 批准号: 1756105
• 负责人: Nicholas Bates
• 金额: $ 707.09万
• 依托单位: Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS), Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1756105&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Bermuda; Atlantic; Time; Collaborative; Research; Bermuda; Atlantic; Time

Long-term observations over several decades are a powerful tool for investigating ocean physics, biology, and chemistry, and the response of the oceans to environmental change. The Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study, known as BATS, has been running continuously since 1988. The research goals of the BATS program are: (1) to improve our understanding of the time-varying components of the ocean carbon cycle and the cycles of related nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon; and, (2) to identify the relevant physical, chemical and ecosystem properties responsible for this variability. In addition, the BATS program has strong and diverse broader impacts, contributing to the field of ocean sciences by providing high quality ocean observations and data for seagoing scientists and modelers, and a framework through which researchers can conceive and test hypotheses. This award will support the operations of the BATS program for five more years.The primary BATS research themes are as follows: (1) Quantify the role of ocean-atmosphere coupling and climate variability on air-sea exchange of CO2, and carbon export to the ocean interior; (2) Document trends and the controls on the interannual to decadal scale variability in carbon and nutrient cycles to their coupling in the surface and deep ocean via the Redfield Ratio paradigm; (3) Quantify the response of planktonic community structure and function, and impact on biogeochemical cycles to variability in surface fluxes and dynamical processes; (4) Facilitate development, calibration and validation of next generation oceanographic sensors, tools and technologies; and, (5) Generate a dataset that can be utilized by empiricists, modelers and students. This research integrates ocean physics, chemistry and biology into a framework for understanding oceanic processes and ocean change in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre. The existing 29 years of BATS data provide robust constraints on seasonal and interannual variability, the response of the Sargasso Sea ecosystem to natural climate variability, and signal detection of potential ocean changes. This project would extend the BATS program through years 31-35 to address a series of ten interlinked questions through integrated research approaches and a multitude of collaborative efforts. In addition to the themes above, and embedded into the ten questions and approaches, the BATS team will focus on, for example, coupling of particle production and biogeochemistry; revisiting the complexities of the biological carbon pump; oxygen decline; and changes in the hydrography, physics, ocean carbon cycle and biogeochemistry of the Sargasso Sea. The highest quality data observation and collection will be maintained and used to address these questions. Importantly, a wide range of collaborations at the BATS site, spanning the physical and biogeochemical disciplines, will aid these broad goals. Strong links to community stakeholders, and close collaboration (including methods intercomparisons and personnel exchanges) with the Hawaii Ocean Time-series are proposed. This work will extend the research findings of the project into educational and training opportunities within and beyond the oceanographic community, including training and mentorship of both undergraduate and graduate students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

几十年来的长期观察是研究海洋物理，生物学和化学的强大工具，以及海洋对环境变化的反应。自1988年以来，百慕大大西洋时间序列研究被称为蝙蝠。蝙蝠计划的研究目标是：（1）提高我们对海洋碳循环的时变成分以及相关营养元素（如氮，磷和硅的循环）的理解； （2）确定导致这种变异性的相关物理，化学和生态系统特性。此外，蝙蝠计划通过为海洋科学家和建模者提供高质量的海洋观测和数据，以及研究人员可以通过这些框架来构思和检验假设，从而对海洋科学领域产生了更大的影响。该奖项将在五年内支持蝙蝠计划的运作。主要的蝙蝠研究主题如下：（1）量化海洋 - 大气耦合和气候变异性在二氧化碳的气海交换中的作用，以及向海洋内部的碳出口； （2）记录趋势和对年际与十年规模变化的控制碳和养分周期的趋势，并通过红场比范式在地面和深海中耦合到其耦合； （3）量化浮游群落结构和功能的响应，并对生物地球化学周期对表面通量和动力学过程的变异性产生影响； （4）促进下一代海洋传感器，工具和技术的开发，校准和验证； （5）生成一个可以由经验家，建模者和学生使用的数据集。这项研究将海洋物理，化学和生物学纳入了了解北大西洋亚热带回旋海洋过程和海洋变化的框架。现有的29年蝙蝠数据为季节性和年际变异性，Sargasso Sea生态系统对自然气候变化的响应以及潜在海洋变化的信号检测提供了强大的限制。该项目将把蝙蝠计划扩展到31 - 35年，以通过综合研究方法和多种协作努力来解决一系列相互联系的问题。除了上面的主题并嵌入了十个问题和方法之外，蝙蝠团队还将重点关注粒子生产和生物地球化学的耦合；重新审视生物碳泵的复杂性；氧气下降；以及萨尔加索海的水文，物理学，海洋碳循环和生物地球化学的变化。最高质量的数据观察和收集将被维护并用于解决这些问题。重要的是，跨越物理和生物地球化学学科的蝙蝠站点的各种合作将有助于这些广泛的目标。提出了与社区利益相关者的牢固联系，并提出了与夏威夷海洋时间序列的密切合作（包括截言和人事交流的方法）。这项工作将把项目的研究结果扩展到海洋学社区内外的教育和培训机会，包括对本科生和研究生的培训和指导。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响来评估的，因此被认为值得通过评估。