Operation of A National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility at The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

伍兹霍尔海洋研究所国家海洋科学加速器质谱设施的运行

• 批准号: 1755125
• 负责人: Susan Lang
• 金额: $ 688.42万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-04-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1755125&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Operation; National; Ocean; Sciences; Accelerator

The National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry facility (NOSAMS) offers state of-the-art 14C (radiocarbon) measurements in a wide range of natural sample types, including seawater, groundwater, carbonates, bulk sediments, soils, and organic carbon. Measurements of radiocarbon in natural samples provide a unique and powerful set of tools for ocean and earth science. The 14C half-life (time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample to decay) of 5700 years can be used to date carbon-bearing samples as old as 50,000 years, and to study the time scales of ocean circulation and mixing, the timing of climate changes, and the details of modern carbon cycling. Radiocarbon measurements are used in many branches of ocean research including physical oceanography, biogeochemistry, paleooceanography, and climate change. The research enabled by the NOSAMS measurements addresses questions that are important to society: among them issues of past and future global climate change, local and regional environmental impacts, and the development of natural resources. In addition to supporting socially relevant research, NOSAMS will play an important role in training and mentorship of graduate students and postdoctoral researchers. NOSAMS promotes general public understanding of radiocarbon and related scientific issues through web sites and in hosting tours for the visiting public.The Division of Ocean Sciences at NSF provides base support for the operation and maintenance of the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (NOSAMS) facility. The facility provides natural level radiocarbon dating services to the oceanographic community. Radiocarbon is an important tool in climate, carbon cycle, and biogeochemical science. It is useful as a chronometer covering the past ~50,000 years, it is a diagnostic of past changes in the carbon cycle, it serves as a tracer of ocean circulation, and it is a probe for carbon flow in the environment. Thus radiocarbon measurements are used in many sectors of ocean science research ranging from paleoceanography, physical oceanography, biogeochemistry, and climate change science. Current environmental level radiocarbon measurements require careful sample processing that minimizes contamination risk and other experimental artifacts, and the use of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) systems. Consequently, it is advantageous to have and maintain a central facility that serves the broader ocean sciences community by making such measurements and acting as a center of expertise, as well as sustaining and advancing the state-of-the-art in such measurements. The PI?s propose to continue operations for another five years, while gradually increasing the numbers of samples analyzed each year, improving the accuracy and precision of measurements, and expanding the methodology in new directions. They also plan to continue to improve and develop new radiocarbon measurement capabilities and propose to expand the portfolio of services offered to the community. Recent advances include pioneering innovative techniques such as the REDICS (Rapid Extraction of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon System) and the Ramped Pyrolysis System, both of which allow NOSAMS to maintain its competitive edge. Proposed research includes new inroads into compound specific and compound class radiocarbon analysis, as well as extending analyses to smaller samples.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

国家海洋科学加速器质谱设施 (NOSAMS) 可对各种自然样品类型（包括海水、地下水、碳酸盐、大量沉积物、土壤和有机碳）提供最先进的 14C（放射性碳）测量。天然样品中放射性碳的测量为海洋和地球科学提供了一套独特且强大的工具。 5700 年的 14C 半衰期（样品中一半原子衰变所需的时间）可用于确定 5 万年前含碳样品的年代，并可用于研究海洋环流和混合的时间尺度，气候变化的时间以及现代碳循环的细节。放射性碳测量用于海洋研究的许多分支，包括物理海洋学、生物地球化学、古海洋学和气候变化。 NOSAMS 测量支持的研究解决了对社会重要的问题：其中包括过去和未来的全球气候变化、当地和区域环境影响以及自然资源的开发等问题。除了支持与社会相关的研究外，NOSAMS 还将在研究生和博士后研究人员的培训和指导方面发挥重要作用。 NOSAMS 通过网站和为来访公众举办参观活动，促进公众对放射性碳和相关科学问题的了解。NSF 海洋科学部为国家海洋科学加速器质谱仪 (NOSAMS) 设施的运行和维护提供基础支持。该设施为海洋学界提供自然水平的放射性碳测年服务。放射性碳是气候、碳循环和生物地球化学科学的重要工具。它可以用作覆盖过去约 50,000 年的计时器，可以诊断过去碳循环的变化，可以作为海洋环流的示踪剂，也可以作为环境中碳流的探针。因此，放射性碳测量被用于海洋科学研究的许多领域，包括古海洋学、物理海洋学、生物地球化学和气候变化科学。当前环境水平放射性碳测量需要仔细的样品处理，以最大限度地减少污染风险和其他实验工件，并使用加速器质谱 (AMS) 系统。因此，拥有并维护一个中央设施是有利的，该设施通过进行此类测量并充当专业知识中心，为更广泛的海洋科学界提供服务，并维持和推进此类测量的最先进技术。 PI建议再继续运营五年，同时逐步增加每年分析的样本数量，提高测量的准确性和精确度，并将方法扩展到新的方向。他们还计划继续改进和开发新的放射性碳测量能力，并提议扩大向社区提供的服务组合。最近的进展包括开创性的创新技术，例如 REDICS（溶解无机碳快速提取系统）和斜坡热解系统，这两项技术使 NOSAMS 能够保持其竞争优势。拟议的研究包括化合物特定和化合物类放射性碳分析的新进展，以及将分析扩展到更小的样品。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Aquifer-Scale Observations of Iron Redox Transformations in Arsenic-Impacted Environments to Predict Future Contamination.

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00672
• 发表时间: 2020-12-08
• 期刊: Environmental science & technology letters
• 影响因子: 10.9
• 作者: Nghiem AA;Shen Y;Stahl M;Sun J;Haque E;DeYoung B;Nguyen KN;Mai TT;Trang PTK;Pham HV;Mailloux B;Harvey CF;van Geen A;Bostick BC
• 通讯作者: Bostick BC

Watershed and Lake Attributes Dictate Landscape Patterns of Resource Flows in Mountain Lakes

• DOI: 10.1029/2020wr027673
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Water Resources Research
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: A. Smits;Bryan Currinder;N. Framsted;L. Loken;D. Lucero;Kelly A Neal;Christine A. Parisek;J. Sic

Planktic foraminiferal changes in the western Mediterranean Anthropocene

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103549
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Global and Planetary Change
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Sven Pallacks;P. Ziveri;B. Martrat;G. Mortyn;M. Grelaud;R. Schiebel;A. Incarbona;J. García-Orellana;Griselda Anglada-Ortiz

54. Central Bulgarian Black Sea coast: Late Glacial vegetation dynamics and climate changes

54.保加利亚中部黑海海岸：晚冰期植被动态和气候变化

• DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1880630
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Grana
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: Filipova-Marinova, Mariana;Pavlov, Danail;Slavova, Krasimira
• 通讯作者: Slavova, Krasimira

Trace Metal Evidence for Deglacial Ventilation of the Abyssal Pacific and Southern Oceans

• DOI: 10.1029/2021pa004226
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: F. Pavia;Shouyi Wang;J. Middleton;R. Murray;R. Anderson