Collaborative Research: Defining the Atmospheric Deposition of Trace Elements into the Arctic Ocean-Ice Ecosystem During the Year-Long MOSAiC Ice Drift.

合作研究：定义在长达一年的 MOSAiC 冰漂过程中微量元素在北冰洋冰生态系统中的大气沉积。

• 批准号: 1753423
• 负责人: Mark Stephens
• 金额: $ 42.39万
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1753423&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Defining; Atmospheric; Deposition

This project will use a Beryllium 7 (7-Be) method in a year-long expedition as part of the international Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition to assess the seasonal variability of aerosol deposition. This is the first modern opportunity for such a comprehensive study of the yearly depositional flux of trace elements (TEs) into the Arctic ocean/ice ecosystem. The combination of 7-Be and aerosol TE measurements has been shown to be an effective tool for estimating the atmospheric input of TEs in remote ocean regions where nearby land-based collection sites do not exist. The data generated in this work will be available to allow ground-truthing of models of aerosol deposition and atmospheric input of TEs. Atmospheric deposition is the dominant pathway by which anthropogenically-derived trace elements, especially mercury (Hg), enter the Arctic Ocean, and recent literature suggests that atmospheric deposition of biologically-essential trace elements such as iron (Fe) could play a major role in controlling biological productivity in the Arctic.Atmospheric transport and deposition of aerosols is an important delivery mechanism of natural and contaminant trace elements (TEs) to the Arctic. Existing data show that atmospheric deposition of contaminant elements like Hg, Pb, and Se may be a major input of these elements to the Arctic, with likely sources being anthropogenic - industrial or power plant emissions associated with fossil fuel combustion in Europe, Russia, and Asia. The atmospheric input of biologically-essential trace elements (e.g. Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) plays a key role in controlling biogeochemical processes in the ocean, and recent work suggests this might be true in the Arctic as well. These inputs have strong implications for the ecosystem, and even human health. Assessment of this input is difficult because measurements of deposition rates in remote ocean regions are scarce, and are particularly daunting to take in the Arctic because harsh conditions and limited research platforms make it difficult to obtain quality-controlled precipitation and aerosol chemistry measurements on a routine basis. This research will provide estimates of the yearly atmospheric deposition flux of aerosol TEs (total and soluble), including those of biogeochemical importance as well as pollutant species. The seasonal evolution of partitioning of trace element deposition among the various catchments (ice, water, snow, melt ponds) will also be assessed. The work will involve measurements of 7-Be inventories, 7-Be aerosol activities, and aerosol concentrations of TEs. Field work will be during a year-long ice drift of the MOSAiC expedition through the central Arctic Ocean.This project will be a component of the MOSAiC expedition, an international initiative motivated by the rapidly evolving Arctic climate system, with thinning sea ice, warming ocean and atmosphere temperatures, strong climate feedbacks, and dramatic implications for society. MOSAiC has broad international support and has been endorsed by international and US institutions as a project that is critically needed to provide foundational information on the changing central Arctic system required to support coupled model development. The ability to provide estimates of the atmospheric input of relevant TEs to the Arctic Ocean will contribute widely to the field of chemical oceanography, including understanding anthropogenic impacts on the region and the role atmospheric input of TEs plays in Arctic Ocean ecology. The lead institution is one of the country's leading minority serving universities, and the lead researcher has undertaken a mentoring program for students involved in its research activities. The team will record short lectures and video logs that can be used in future iterations of his courses to introduce important oceanographic concepts and give his students a first-hand account of life aboard an oceanographic vessel. Other scientists will be asked to grant interviews to add to the breadth of perspectives, and the outreach will emphasize the role of basic scientific research in improving our understanding of natural phenomena and the planet's response to anthropogenic stressors.

该项目将在为期一年的探险中使用铍7（7-BE）方法，作为国际多学科漂移观测站的一部分，以评估北极气候（Mosaic）探险研究，以评估气溶胶沉积的季节性差异。这是对痕量元素（TES）年度沉积通量进行此类全面研究的第一个现代机会。 7-BE和气溶胶TE测量的组合已被证明是估算偏远海洋区域中TES的大气输入的有效工具，在偏远的海洋区域中，由于土地收集地点不存在。这项工作中生成的数据将可用，以允许在TES的气溶胶沉积和大气输入的模型中进行地面修复。大气沉积是一种主要的途径，人类学上衍生的痕量因素，尤其是汞（HG），进入北极海洋，最近的文献表明，生物学上必不可少的痕量元素（例如铁（FE））的大气沉积可以在控制北极和北极溶质的生物效应中的生物效率（一种自然的交通机制）在自然的境界中起着重要的作用，而这是一种重要的空气效应（Atmospheric and Aderos and Aerfient）。到北极。现有的数据表明，HG，PB和SE等污染物的大气沉积可能是这些元素对北极的主要输入，可能的来源可能是人为的工业或发电厂发射，与欧洲，俄罗斯和亚洲的化石燃料组成相关。生物学上必不可少的微量元素（例如Mn，Fe，Co，Ni，Cu，Zn）的大气输入在控制海洋生物地球化学过程中起关键作用，最近的工作表明，在北极也可能是正确的。这些投入对生态系统甚至人类健康都有很大的影响。该输入的评估很困难，因为偏远海洋地区沉积速率的测量很少，并且在北极尤为令人生畏，因为HARMSH条件和有限的研究平台使得难以按照常规的基础获得质量控制的降水和气溶胶化学测量。这项研究将估计气溶胶TE（总和固体）的年度大气沉积通量，包括生物地球化学重要性以及污染物物种的气溶胶。还将评估各种流域（冰，水，雪，熔体Pons）之间痕量元素沉积的季节性演变。这项工作将涉及测量7个库存，7个气溶胶活动和TE的气溶胶浓度。现场工作将是在摩西探险队通过中央北极海洋的长达一年的冰上漂移中。该项目将是马赛克探险队的一个组成部分，这是由迅速发展的北极气候系统促进的国际倡议，北极气候系统迅速发展，海冰稀疏，升温海洋和大气压，强烈的攀登反馈和对社会的强烈攀登。马赛克（Mosaic）拥有广泛的国际支持，并得到了国际和美国机构的认可，这是一个非常需要的项目，以提供有关支持耦合模型开发所需的不断变化的中央北极系统的基础信息。提供对北极海洋相关TE的大气输入估计的能力将对化学海洋学领域广泛贡献，包括了解人为对该地区的影响以及TES在北极海洋生态学中的作用大气输入。领导机构是该国为大学服务的少数族裔之一，首席研究人员为参与其研究活动的学生开展了心理计划。该团队将记录简短的讲座和视频日志，这些日志可以在他的课程的将来迭代中使用，以介绍重要的海洋学概念，并为他的学生提供海洋学船上的生命的第一手说明。其他科学家将被要求进行访谈，以增加观点的广度，外展将强调基础科学研究在提高我们对自然现象的理解以及地球对人为压力源的反应方面的作用。

项目成果

Beryllium-7 concentrations in aerosols, seawater, ice, snow and frost flowers from Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition in the Central Arctic Ocean 2019-2020

2019-2020 年北冰洋中部多学科漂流观测站 (MOSAiC) 考察得出的气溶胶、海水、冰、雪和霜花中的铍 7 浓度

• DOI: 10.18739/a2dj58j0s
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: NSF Arctic Data Center
• 作者: Stephens, Mark

Aerosol Deposition and Snow Accumulation Processes From Beryllium‐7 Measurements in the Central Arctic Ocean: Results From the MOSAiC Expedition

铍的气溶胶沉积和积雪过程 - 7 北冰洋中部的测量：MOSAiC 探险的结果

• DOI: 10.1029/2023jc020044
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: Stephens, Mark P.;Marsay, Chris M.;Schneebeli, Martin;Landing, William M.;Buck, Clifton S.;Geibert, Walter
• 通讯作者: Geibert, Walter

Water column Beryllium-7 from samples collected on the MOSAiC expedition, PS122, on R/V Polarstern in the Central Arctic Ocean during 2019-2020

2019-2020 年期间在北冰洋中部 R/V Polarstern 上 MOSAiC 探险队 PS122 采集的样品中的 Beryllium-7 水柱

• DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.861596.1
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO
• 作者: Kadko, David C.