Collaborative Research: Defining the Atmospheric Deposition of Trace Elements into the Arctic Ocean-Ice Ecosystem During the Year-Long MOSAiC Ice Drift.

合作研究：定义在长达一年的 MOSAiC 冰漂过程中微量元素在北冰洋冰生态系统中的大气沉积。

• 批准号: 1753423
• 负责人: Mark Stephens
• 金额: $ 42.39万
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1753423&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Defining; Atmospheric; Deposition

This project will use a Beryllium 7 (7-Be) method in a year-long expedition as part of the international Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition to assess the seasonal variability of aerosol deposition. This is the first modern opportunity for such a comprehensive study of the yearly depositional flux of trace elements (TEs) into the Arctic ocean/ice ecosystem. The combination of 7-Be and aerosol TE measurements has been shown to be an effective tool for estimating the atmospheric input of TEs in remote ocean regions where nearby land-based collection sites do not exist. The data generated in this work will be available to allow ground-truthing of models of aerosol deposition and atmospheric input of TEs. Atmospheric deposition is the dominant pathway by which anthropogenically-derived trace elements, especially mercury (Hg), enter the Arctic Ocean, and recent literature suggests that atmospheric deposition of biologically-essential trace elements such as iron (Fe) could play a major role in controlling biological productivity in the Arctic.Atmospheric transport and deposition of aerosols is an important delivery mechanism of natural and contaminant trace elements (TEs) to the Arctic. Existing data show that atmospheric deposition of contaminant elements like Hg, Pb, and Se may be a major input of these elements to the Arctic, with likely sources being anthropogenic - industrial or power plant emissions associated with fossil fuel combustion in Europe, Russia, and Asia. The atmospheric input of biologically-essential trace elements (e.g. Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) plays a key role in controlling biogeochemical processes in the ocean, and recent work suggests this might be true in the Arctic as well. These inputs have strong implications for the ecosystem, and even human health. Assessment of this input is difficult because measurements of deposition rates in remote ocean regions are scarce, and are particularly daunting to take in the Arctic because harsh conditions and limited research platforms make it difficult to obtain quality-controlled precipitation and aerosol chemistry measurements on a routine basis. This research will provide estimates of the yearly atmospheric deposition flux of aerosol TEs (total and soluble), including those of biogeochemical importance as well as pollutant species. The seasonal evolution of partitioning of trace element deposition among the various catchments (ice, water, snow, melt ponds) will also be assessed. The work will involve measurements of 7-Be inventories, 7-Be aerosol activities, and aerosol concentrations of TEs. Field work will be during a year-long ice drift of the MOSAiC expedition through the central Arctic Ocean.This project will be a component of the MOSAiC expedition, an international initiative motivated by the rapidly evolving Arctic climate system, with thinning sea ice, warming ocean and atmosphere temperatures, strong climate feedbacks, and dramatic implications for society. MOSAiC has broad international support and has been endorsed by international and US institutions as a project that is critically needed to provide foundational information on the changing central Arctic system required to support coupled model development. The ability to provide estimates of the atmospheric input of relevant TEs to the Arctic Ocean will contribute widely to the field of chemical oceanography, including understanding anthropogenic impacts on the region and the role atmospheric input of TEs plays in Arctic Ocean ecology. The lead institution is one of the country's leading minority serving universities, and the lead researcher has undertaken a mentoring program for students involved in its research activities. The team will record short lectures and video logs that can be used in future iterations of his courses to introduce important oceanographic concepts and give his students a first-hand account of life aboard an oceanographic vessel. Other scientists will be asked to grant interviews to add to the breadth of perspectives, and the outreach will emphasize the role of basic scientific research in improving our understanding of natural phenomena and the planet's response to anthropogenic stressors.

该项目将在为期一年的考察中使用铍 7 (7-Be) 方法，作为国际北极气候研究多学科漂流观测站 (MOSAiC) 考察的一部分，以评估气溶胶沉积的季节变化。这是首次。对北冰洋/冰生态系统中微量元素 (TE) 的年度沉积通量进行全面研究的现代机会 7-Be 和气溶胶 TE 测量的结合。已被证明是一种有效的工具，可用于估计附近不存在陆基收集点的偏远海洋区域的 TE 大气输入。这项工作中生成的数据将可用于对气溶胶沉积和模型进行地面实况验证。大气沉降是人为微量元素，特别是汞（Hg）进入北冰洋的主要途径，最近的文献表明，铁（Fe）等生物必需微量元素的大气沉降可能会导致大气沉降。气溶胶在控制北极生物生产力方面发挥着重要作用。气溶胶的大气输送和沉积是天然和污染物微量元素（TE）向北极的重要输送机制。现有数据表明，汞、铅等污染物元素的大气沉积。和硒可能是这些元素进入北极的主要输入，可能的来源是人为——欧洲、俄罗斯和亚洲与化石燃料燃烧相关的工业或发电厂排放。生物必需微量元素的大气输入。 （例如锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌）在控制海洋生物地球化学过程中发挥着关键作用，最近的研究表明这在北极也可能如此。这些输入对生态系统有重大影响，并且。甚至人类健康的评估也很困难，因为偏远海洋地区的沉积率测量很少，而且在北极进行测量尤其令人畏惧，因为恶劣的条件和有限的研究平台使得很难获得质量受控的降水和气溶胶化学。定期进行测量。研究将提供气溶胶TE（总的和可溶的）的年度大气沉降通量的估计，包括具有生物地球化学重要性的气溶胶TE以及污染物种类。微量元素沉降在不同流域（冰、水、雪、还将对 7-Be 存量、7-Be 气溶胶活性和 TE 气溶胶浓度进行评估。穿过北冰洋中部的 MOSAiC 探险队。该项目将是 MOSAiC 探险队的一个组成部分，MOSAiC 探险队是一项由快速变化的北极气候系统推动的国际倡议，该系统会导致海冰变薄、海洋和大气温度升高、强烈的气候反馈以及对北极的巨大影响。 MOSAiC 得到了广泛的国际支持，并得到了国际和美国机构的认可，该项目迫切需要提供有关支持耦合模型开发所需的不断变化的北极系统的基础信息。相关TE北冰洋的研究将为化学海洋学领域做出广泛贡献，包括了解人为对该地区的影响以及TEs的大气输入在北冰洋生态中的作用。该牵头机构是该国领先的少数族裔大学之一，也是领先的大学。研究人员为参与其研究活动的学生开展了一项指导计划，该团队将录制简短的讲座和视频日志，这些内容可用于他的课程的未来迭代，以介绍重要的海洋学概念，并为他的学生提供有关船上生活的第一手资料。海洋学船只。其他科学家将被要求接受采访，以增加观点的广度，并且外展活动将强调基础科学研究在提高我们对自然现象和地球对人为压力的反应的理解方面的作用。

项目成果

Beryllium-7 concentrations in aerosols, seawater, ice, snow and frost flowers from Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition in the Central Arctic Ocean 2019-2020

2019-2020 年北冰洋中部多学科漂流观测站 (MOSAiC) 考察得出的气溶胶、海水、冰、雪和霜花中的铍 7 浓度

• DOI: 10.18739/a2dj58j0s
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: NSF Arctic Data Center
• 作者: Stephens, Mark

Aerosol Deposition and Snow Accumulation Processes From Beryllium‐7 Measurements in the Central Arctic Ocean: Results From the MOSAiC Expedition

铍的气溶胶沉积和积雪过程 - 7 北冰洋中部的测量：MOSAiC 探险的结果

• DOI: 10.1029/2023jc020044
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: Stephens, Mark P.;Marsay, Chris M.;Schneebeli, Martin;Landing, William M.;Buck, Clifton S.;Geibert, Walter
• 通讯作者: Geibert, Walter

Water column Beryllium-7 from samples collected on the MOSAiC expedition, PS122, on R/V Polarstern in the Central Arctic Ocean during 2019-2020

2019-2020 年期间在北冰洋中部 R/V Polarstern 上 MOSAiC 探险队 PS122 采集的样品中的 Beryllium-7 水柱

• DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.861596.1
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO
• 作者: Kadko, David C.