CAREER: Enabling a Rich Astro-particle and Exotic Physics Program in DUNE

事业：在 DUNE 中实现丰富的天体粒子和奇异物理项目

• 批准号: 1753228
• 负责人: Georgia Karagiorgi
• 金额: $ 80万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1753228&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Enabling; Rich; Astro; particle

The Standard Model of particle physics was a formative intellectual development of 20th century physics. While the discovery of the Higgs mechanism in 2012 was a crowning achievement for the Standard Model, many mysteries remain, including the role of the elusive neutrino. Neutrinos are elementary particles that rarely interact with ordinary matter. The Standard Model predicts three types of massless neutrinos. However, experimentally, we know that neutrinos do have very small masses, and yet they permeate the universe. Because they have mass, they can change from one type to another. Measuring properties of these changes, and comparing them to theoretical predictions, provides a promising pathway to discover how neutrinos shape our universe. To that end, the neutrino community is embarking on a challenging quest to complete the picture of neutrino physics through the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), which will be a massive, 40,000-ton instrument optimized to detect neutrino interactions about a mile underground at Sanford Lab in South Dakota. This facility, being built during the next 10 years, will observe interactions of neutrinos produced at Fermilab and traveling 800 miles to DUNE and, due to its large volume, can also detect particles coming from astrophysical sources. This work seeks to develop ways to look for and identify signals for new physics.The DUNE experiment offers a unique opportunity for a rich astro-particle and exotic physics search program, including: observations of low-energy astrophysical neutrinos, e.g. from supernova core-collapse, thus lending itself to multi-messenger astrophysics, and searches for other rare processes, e.g. proton decay and neutron-antineutron oscillation. If observed, these signatures would have profound implications for particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. The rarity of these signals requires continuous, high-resolution readout and processing of Time Projection Chamber (TPC) data from the entire DUNE detector. The resulting data rates for such a data acquisition (DAQ) scheme are prohibitively large and create a challenge: to develop readout and DAQ systems that are capable of significant data reduction and efficient self-triggering with zero deadtime. This award will carry out a unique and ambitious R&D program to develop novel readout and triggering techniques involving Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) deployed on FPGA devices, including a demonstration of some of these techniques at the upcoming SBND experiment, beginning in 2019.This CAREER award will strengthen the undergraduate research experience of Columbia University students, including underrepresented groups. The project will also provide unique opportunities of involvement in cutting edge research in readout electronics, detector R&D, and computer science applications for data handling and data analysis, and further promote interdisciplinary research opportunities for physics and non-physics majors through a Seminar Series developed and organized by the PI. The award will sponsor an additional slot in Nevis Lab's Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) Program for two years, specifically for non-physics majors interested in particle physics. Outreach to the public and local high-school students will also be carried out through lectures at local high schools and the Nevis Science-on-Hudson public lecture series. Recruited summer high-school students will develop a virtual reality visualization of a supernova burst, as "seen" in a Liquid Argon TPC. This visualization will be demonstrated annually at the World Science Festival.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

粒子物理学的标准模型是 20 世纪物理学的一个形成性的智力发展。 虽然 2012 年希格斯机制的发现是标准模型的最高成就，但许多谜团仍然存在，包括难以捉摸的中微子的作用。中微子是很少与普通物质相互作用的基本粒子。 标准模型预测了三种类型的无质量中微子。 然而，通过实验，我们知道中微子的质量确实很小，但它们却弥漫在宇宙中。 因为它们有质量，所以它们可以从一种类型变成另一种类型。 测量这些变化的特性，并将其与理论预测进行比较，为发现中微子如何塑造我们的宇宙提供了一条有希望的途径。为此，中微子界正在开展一项具有挑战性的任务，通过深部地下中微子实验 (DUNE) 来完成中微子物理学的图景，该实验将是一个重达 40,000 吨的大型仪器，经过优化，可在地下约一英里处探测中微子相互作用。南达科他州桑福德实验室。 该设施将在未来 10 年内建成，将观测费米实验室产生的中微子相互作用，并行驶 800 英里到达沙丘，由于其体积较大，还可以探测来自天体物理来源的粒子。 这项工作旨在开发寻找和识别新物理学信号的方法。沙丘实验为丰富的天体粒子和奇异物理搜索计划提供了独特的机会，包括：低能天体物理中微子的观测，例如中微子。来自超新星核心塌陷，从而有助于多信使天体物理学，并寻找其他罕见的过程，例如质子衰变和中子-反中子振荡。如果被观察到，这些特征将对粒子物理学、天体物理学和宇宙学产生深远的影响。这些信号的稀有性需要对整个 DUNE 探测器的时间投影室 (TPC) 数据进行连续、高分辨率的读出和处理。这种数据采集 (DAQ) 方案产生的数据速率非常大，并带来了挑战：开发能够显着减少数据和高效自触发且零死区时间的读出和 DAQ 系统。该奖项将开展一项独特且雄心勃勃的研发计划，以开发新颖的读出和触发技术，涉及部署在 FPGA 设备上的卷积神经网络 (CNN)，包括在即将于 2019 年开始的 SBND 实验中演示其中一些技术。该奖项将加强哥伦比亚大学学生的本科生研究经验，包括代表性不足的群体。该项目还将提供参与读出电子学、探测器研发以及数据处理和数据分析的计算机科学应用领域的前沿研究的独特机会，并通过开发和实施的系列研讨会进一步促进物理和非物理专业的跨学科研究机会。由 PI 组织。 该奖项将为尼维斯实验室的本科生研究体验项目（REU）额外提供两年的资助，专门针对对粒子物理学感兴趣的非物理专业的学生。还将通过当地高中的讲座和尼维斯哈德逊科学公开讲座系列向公众和当地高中生进行宣传。招募的暑期高中生将开发超新星爆发的虚拟现实可视化，就像在液氩 TPC 中“看到的”一样。该可视化将在每年的世界科学节上展示。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并且通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Supernova neutrino burst detection with the deep underground neutrino experiment: DUNE Collaboration

• DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09166-w
• 发表时间: 2021-01-01
• 期刊: European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields
• 作者: Abi, B.;Acciarri, R.;Zwaska, R.
• 通讯作者: Zwaska, R.

The continuous readout stream of the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber for detection of supernova burst neutrinos

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/16/02/p02008
• 发表时间: 2021-02-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Abratenko, P.;Alrashed, M.;Zhang, C.
• 通讯作者: Zhang, C.

Accelerating Deep Neural Networks for Real-time Data Selection for High-resolution Imaging Particle Detectors

• DOI: 10.1109/nysds.2019.8909784
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: 2019 New York Scientific Data Summit (NYSDS)
• 作者: Y. Jwa;G. Di Guglielmo;L. Carloni;G. Karagiorgi

Low-energy physics in neutrino LArTPCs

• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6471/acad17
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
• 作者: S. Andringa;J. Asaadi;J. T. C. Bezerra;F. Capozzi;D. Caratelli;F. Cavanna;E. Church;Y. Efremenko-Y.