RII Track-4: Photovoltaic Based Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) for Vehicular Security

RII Track-4：用于车辆安全的基于光伏的物理不可克隆功能 (PUF)

• 批准号: 1738662
• 负责人: Himanshu Thapliyal
• 金额: $ 20.62万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-15 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1738662&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RII; Track; Photovoltaic; Based; Physically

Non-technical DescriptionToday's vehicles have approximately 100 million lines of computer code and 60 electronic control units (ECUs), as well as a wide range of computer-enabled technologies such as power and infotainment systems, remote locking and unlocking, remote engine start, etc. With plans underway to include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications technology in new vehicles, it is expected that there could be as many as 220 million connected cars globally by 2020. However, these embedded devices in vehicles are susceptible to malicious cyber-attacks, such as modifying the in-vehicle system infrastructure, stealing intellectual property (IP), and misusing the vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Fundamental advancements are needed at the hardware and software levels to create a more reliable vehicle security infrastructure. This research investigates the potential use of Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) as a hardware security approach to simplify or solve many important vehicular security problems, such as ECU piracy, ECU counterfeiting, secure authentication, and key management. Collaborators at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have the needed expertise in PUFs, and the project will provide the PI with needed training and mentorship in this area. The proposed research could pave the way for the widespread use of photovoltaic-based PUFs to mitigate vehicle cybersecurity vulnerabilities and the impacts of potential attacks, thereby, increasing the public safety of American families and securing driver's personal data. In addition, the project will lead to a stronger research and education program in vehicular security at the University of Kentucky and the Commonwealth of Kentucky.Technical DescriptionThe project will provide the foundation for a long-term research program to design hardware security primitives based on intrinsic properties of existing vehicular hardware such as built-in sensors or devices. Building PUFs from existing vehicular hardware has the potential to mitigate cyber-threats in vehicles with minimal redesign costs and performance penalties. Photovoltaic (PV) devices have wide applications in vehicles such as ambient climate control, automatic headlights, to generate electricity in hybrid and electric vehicles, etc. Therefore, the PI plans to investigate new designs and prototypes of PV PUFs for vehicular security. The proposed research will provide a better understanding of the relationship between light intensity and output current in PV devices for the generation of PV PUFs. Novel methodologies and circuit architectures of PV-based PUFs will be designed, and the reliability of the proposed PUFs with respect to temperature variations and aging effects will be tested and evaluated under extreme meteorological test conditions. Simulation and prototyping of PV-based PUF circuits will test the PI's hypothesis that existing devices and sensors in vehicles can be used to mitigate the security threats. Intellectual products will be developed, such as novel circuit designs and architectures of PV-based PUFs, design flow of PV-based PUF generation, and specific PUF designs and prototypes.

非技术描述当今的车辆拥有大约 1 亿行计算机代码和 60 个电子控制单元 (ECU)，以及各种计算机支持的技术，例如动力和信息娱乐系统、远程锁定和解锁、远程发动机启动等随着将车对车 (V2V) 通信技术纳入新车的计划正在进行中，预计到 2020 年，全球联网汽车数量将达到 2.2 亿辆。车辆中的嵌入式设备容易受到恶意网络攻击，例如修改车载系统基础设施、窃取知识产权 (IP) 以及滥用车辆间通信。需要在硬件和软件层面取得根本性进步，以创建更可靠的车辆安全基础设施。这项研究调查了物理不可克隆功能 (PUF) 作为硬件安全方法的潜在用途，以简化或解决许多重要的车辆安全问题，例如 ECU 盗版、ECU 伪造、安全身份验证和密钥管理。橡树岭国家实验室 (ORNL) 的合作者拥有 PUF 所需的专业知识，该项目将为 PI 提供该领域所需的培训和指导。拟议的研究可以为广泛使用基于光伏的 PUF 铺平道路，以减轻车辆网络安全漏洞和潜在攻击的影响，从而提高美国家庭的公共安全并保护驾驶员的个人数据。此外，该项目还将在肯塔基大学和肯塔基州开展更强大的车辆安全研究和教育项目。技术描述该项目将为长期研究项目奠定基础，以设计基于内在的硬件安全原语。现有车辆硬件的属性，例如内置传感器或设备。利用现有车辆硬件构建 PUF 有可能以最小的重新设计成本和性能损失来减轻车辆中的网络威胁。光伏 (PV) 器件在车辆中具有广泛的应用，例如环境气候控制、自动头灯、混合动力和电动汽车发电等。因此，PI 计划研究用于车辆安全的光伏 PUF 的新设计和原型。拟议的研究将有助于更好地理解用于生成光伏 PUF 的光伏器件中的光强度和输出电流之间的关系。将设计基于光伏的PUF的新颖方法和电路架构，并将在极端气象测试条件下测试和评估所提出的PUF在温度变化和老化效应方面的可靠性。基于光伏的 PUF 电路的仿真和原型设计将测试 PI 的假设，即车辆中的现有设备和传感器可用于减轻安全威胁。将开发智能产品，例如基于PV的PUF的新颖电路设计和架构、基于PV的PUF生成的设计流程以及特定的PUF设计和原型。

项目成果

Exploration of Solar Cell Materials for Developing Novel PUFs in Cyber-Physical Systems

探索用于在网络物理系统中开发新型 PUF 的太阳能电池材料

• DOI: 10.1007/s42979-020-00331-8
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: SN Computer Science
• 作者: Labrado, Carson;Kumar, S. Dinesh;Badhan, Riasad;Thapliyal, Himanshu;Singh, Vijay
• 通讯作者: Singh, Vijay

An Integrated TRNG-PUF Architecture based on Photovoltaic Solar Cells

基于光伏太阳能电池的集成TRNG-PUF架构

• DOI: 10.1109/mce.2020.3019762
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Degada, Amit;Thapliyal, Himanshu
• 通讯作者: Thapliyal, Himanshu

Design of a Piezoelectric-Based Physically Unclonable Function for IoT Security

用于物联网安全的基于压电的物理不可克隆功能的设计

• DOI: 10.1109/jiot.2018.2874626
• 发表时间: 2019-04-01
• 期刊: IEEE Internet of Things Journal
• 影响因子: 10.6
• 作者: Carson Labrado;H. Thapliyal
• 通讯作者: H. Thapliyal

A PUF Based CAN Security Framework

基于PUF的CAN安全框架

• DOI: 10.1109/isvlsi49217.2020.00094
• 发表时间: 2020-07
• 期刊: 2020 IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI (ISVLSI
• 作者: Cultice, Tyler;Labrado, Carson;Thapliyal, Himanshu
• 通讯作者: Thapliyal, Himanshu

Solar Cell Based Physically Unclonable Function for Cybersecurity in IoT Devices

基于太阳能电池的物理不可克隆功能，用于物联网设备的网络安全

• DOI: 10.1109/isvlsi.2018.00131
• 发表时间: 2018-07
• 期刊: 2018 IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI (ISVLSI
• 作者: Kumar, S. Dinesh;Labrado, Carson;Badhan, Riasad;Thapliyal, Himanshu;Singh, Vijay
• 通讯作者: Singh, Vijay