CAREER: VIRAL SYMBIOSIS AND THE EVOLUTION OF BIOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY

职业：病毒共生和生物复杂性的进化

基本信息

批准号：
1748862
负责人：
Gaelen Burke
金额：
$ 91.24万
依托单位：
University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-07-15 至 2025-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1748862&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER VIRAL SYMBIOSIS EVOLUTION BIOLOGICAL

项目摘要

Microbes and their hosts engage in complex interactions that have influenced the evolution and success of almost all life on earth. Interactions can be both beneficial (symbiotic) or harmful (pathogenic). Understanding how different types of interactions are formed will advance understanding of animal immunity and disease. This award investigates how the same virus is beneficial to wasps but causes harm to flies. This award will help in improving science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) education and educator development. Researchers will work closely with teachers in local schools and provide a new resource for their professional development. Laboratory research opportunities will be provided to diverse students and results shared with local students and the public. The evolution of symbiosis between two entities from completely different domains of life is a phenomenon of major importance in the evolution of life on this planet. Parasitoid wasps are insects whose young feed upon and kill other insects and are a "natural laboratory" for the acquisition of symbionts from several different types of viruses. Symbiotic viruses deliver to hosts genes that directly benefit developing wasps by suppressing the host's immune response against the wasps. There is a need to examine more examples of this phenomenon in nature. Studying genetic and phenotypic bases of independent pathogen-to-symbiont transitions will reveal key changes that enable successful and stable beneficial viral symbioses of animals. This project will identify common threads and key differences in the convergent evolution of viruses that have transitioned to a beneficial role. The research focus is on DlEPV, the entomopoxvirus carried by the wasp species Diachasmimorpha longicaudata, which is pathogenic in flies, yet has no negative effects upon wasps. This research will combine experimental and genomics techniques to 1) characterize DlEPV's pathogenic mechanisms between wasps and flies, 2) determine mechanisms that control viral replication in wasps, and 3) determine mechanisms that promote viral parasitism in flies. The educational and outreach components of the award will improve science education and increase scientific literacy.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

微生物及其宿主进行了复杂的互动，这些相互作用影响了地球上几乎所有生命的演变和成功。相互作用可能是有益的（共生）或有害（致病性）。了解如何形成不同类型的相互作用将提高对动物免疫和疾病的理解。该奖项调查了同一病毒如何对黄蜂有益，但会对苍蝇造成伤害。该奖项将有助于改善科学，技术，工程和数学（STEM）教育和教育者发展。研究人员将与当地学校的老师紧密合作，并为其专业发展提供新的资源。实验室研究机会将为多元化的学生提供，并与当地学生和公众共享结果。两个实体之间从完全不同的生活领域中共生的演变是在这个星球上生命进化中至关重要的现象。寄生的黄蜂是昆虫，其年轻的植物供应并杀死其他昆虫，并且是从几种不同类型的病毒中获取共生体的“天然实验室”。共生病毒传递给宿主基因，这些基因通过抑制宿主对黄蜂的免疫反应而直接受益于发育中的黄蜂。有必要检查本质上这种现象的更多例子。研究独立的病原体到伴侣过渡的遗传和表型碱基将揭示关键变化，从而使动物的成功且稳定的有益病毒式共生能力。该项目将确定已转变为有益作用的病毒收敛演化的共同线程和关键差异。该研究重点是DLEPV，这是WASP物种透明质膜longicaudata所携带的昆虫蛋白蛋白蛋白石病毒，该病原体在果蝇中是致病性的，但对黄蜂没有负面影响。这项研究将将实验和基因组学技术结合到1）在黄蜂和果蝇之间表征DLEPV的致病机制，2）确定控制WASP中病毒复制的机制，3）确定在果蝇中促进病毒寄生虫的机制。该奖项的教育和宣传组成部分将改善科学教育并提高科学素养。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并且使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，被认为值得通过评估来获得支持。