Measurements of Stratospheric Aerosol to Altitudes above 35 km in Austral Autumn

澳大利亚秋季 35 公里以上海拔平流层气溶胶测量

• 批准号: 1745008
• 负责人: Terry Deshler
• 金额: $ 56.54万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-15 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1745008&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Measurements; Stratospheric; Aerosol; Altitudes; above

Particles in the atmosphere play key roles in controlling the Earth's hydrologic, chemical, and radiation balances. In the troposphere aerosols provide surfaces for cloud formation, for the absorption of trace gas pollutants, and they either warm or cool the Earth depending on their optical properties. In the stratosphere they provide surfaces for the conversion of chlorine from a passive to an active state which will catalytically destroy ozone, crucial as a filter against damaging UV radiation. Stratospheric aerosols also contribute to increasing the solar albedo, and to the absorption of terrestrial infrared radiation. Particles are self-limiting through the formation of new particles, growth through diffusion, coagulation, condensation of trace gases, and ultimately sedimentation and deposition or capture by clouds.Recent developments extend the observational possibilities. These are i) year round (aircraft) access to McMurdo during austral autumn (April-June) and ii) development of smaller, lighter, inexpensive condensation nuclei counters (CNC) allowing (balloon borne) profiles to higher altitude(35km). This new instrumentation can now be deployed in the fall, when chances of recovery are limited, and flown to altitudes above 35 km, necessary to measure meteoritic smoke particles. Providing additional quantification of the contribution of meteoritic smoke particles to stratospheric aerosol will improve the understanding of the stratospheric aerosol budget. There will be training opportunities in polar measurements for a post-doctoral scholarThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大气中的颗粒在控制地球的水文、化学和辐射平衡方面发挥着关键作用。在对流层中，气溶胶为云的形成提供了表面，用于吸收微量气体污染物，它们根据其光学特性使地球变暖或变冷。在平流层中，它们提供了将氯从被动状态转化为主动状态的表面，这将催化破坏臭氧，这对于防止破坏性紫外线辐射的过滤器至关重要。平流层气溶胶还有助于增加太阳反照率，并吸收地面红外辐射。 粒子通过形成新粒子、通过微量气体的扩散、凝结、凝结而生长，以及最终沉降和沉积或被云捕获来实现自我限制。最近的发展扩展了观测的可能性。这些是i）在澳大利亚秋季（四月至六月）全年（飞机）进入麦克默多，ii）开发更小，更轻，廉价的凝结核计数器（CNC），允许（气球载）剖面到更高的高度（35公里）。这种新仪器现在可以在秋季部署，此时恢复的机会有限，并飞到 35 公里以上的高度，这是测量陨石烟雾颗粒所必需的。对陨石烟雾颗粒对平流层气溶胶的贡献提供额外的量化将提高对平流层气溶胶预算的理解。将为博士后学者提供极地测量方面的培训机会。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Comparison of Coincident Optical Particle Counter and Lidar Measurements of Polar Stratospheric Clouds Above McMurdo (77.85°S, 166.67°E) From 1994 to 1999

1994年至1999年麦克默多（南纬77.85°，东经166.67°）上空极地平流层云的光学粒子计数器与激光雷达同步测量比较

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jd033572
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Snels, Marcel;Cairo, Francesco;Di Liberto, Luca;Scoccione, Andrea;Bracaglia, Marco;Deshler, Terry
• 通讯作者: Deshler, Terry

A study of optical scattering modelling for mixed-phase polar stratospheric clouds

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-16-419-2023
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: F. Cairo;T. Deshler;Luca Di Liberto;Andrea Scoccione;M. Snels

Comparison of Antarctic polar stratospheric cloud observations by ground-based and space-borne lidar and relevance for chemistry–climate models

地基和星载激光雷达对南极极地平流层云观测的比较及其与化学气候模型的相关性

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-955-2019
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Snels, Marcel;Scoccione, Andrea;Di Liberto, Luca;Colao, Francesco;Pitts, Michael;Poole, Lamont;Deshler, Terry;Cairo, Francesco;Cagnazzo, Chiara;Fierli, Federico
• 通讯作者: Fierli, Federico