Collaborative Research: The Cuban landscape, quantifying the effects of industrialized agriculture followed by country-wide soil conservation using sediment-associated isotopes

合作研究：古巴景观，量化工业化农业的影响，然后使用沉积物相关同位素进行全国范围的土壤保持

• 批准号: 1719249
• 负责人: Paul Bierman
• 金额: $ 7.9万
• 依托单位: University of Vermont & State Agricultural College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2023-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1719249&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Cuban; landscape; quantifying

To minimize the detrimental effects of deforestation and intensive, mechanized agriculture, conservation agricultural practices are often employed. Although these lower-impact practices have been implemented around the world, results have rarely been quantified at a landscape scale. Cuba is a perfect location to test these effects because 30 years of industrial, mechanized monoculture were followed by 25 years of necessity-driven, small-scale, organic agriculture after the collapse of the former Soviet Union. This project will document the effects of the conversion to organic agriculture and provide important data to inform soil conservation studies. Through this project, one Masters student, two upper-level undergraduate students, and four lower-level undergraduate students will be trained in geoscience research and learn about sustainable agricultural practices. This project has two research goals. 1) It will quantify the effects of wide-spread changes in agricultural land use from conventional, mechanized monoculture to small-scale organic farming. This project will use chemical tracers in river sand to measure long-term erosion rates of the surrounding landscape and will compare those erosion rates to published data measuring short-term erosion rates. In addition, researchers will trace the changing depth of erosion during the transition from industrial to organic agriculture using other different chemical tracers. 2) The project will develop new techniques for measuring erosion rates in rock types currently not easily studied, thus expanding areas of the world where erosion rates can be measured.This award is co-funded by the Geomorphology and Land-use Dynamics Program and the Office of International Science and Engineering.

为了尽量减少森林砍伐和集约化机械化农业的不利影响，通常采用保护性农业做法。尽管这些影响较小的做法已在世界各地实施，但其结果很少在景观尺度上进行量化。古巴是测试这些影响的完美地点，因为前苏联解体后，在经历了 30 年的工业化、机械化单一农业之后，又经历了 25 年的由必需品驱动的小规模有机农业。该项目将记录向有机农业转变的影响，并为土壤保持研究提供重要数据。通过该项目，一名硕士生、两名高年级本科生和四名低年级本科生将接受地球科学研究培训并了解可持续农业实践。 该项目有两个研究目标。 1) 它将量化农业土地利用从传统机械化单一种植到小规模有机农业的广泛变化的影响。该项目将使用河沙中的化学示踪剂来测量周围景观的长期侵蚀率，并将这些侵蚀率与测量短期侵蚀率的公布数据进行比较。此外，研究人员将使用其他不同的化学示踪剂来追踪从工业农业向有机农业过渡期间侵蚀深度的变化。 2) 该项目将开发测量目前不易研究的岩石类型侵蚀率的新技术，从而扩大世界上可以测量侵蚀率的区域。该奖项由地貌和土地利用动力学计划和国际科学与工程办公室。

项目成果

BETTER UNDERSTANDING THE GEOLOGY OF CENTRAL CUBA THROUGH STREAM SEDIMENT COMPOSITION ANALYSIS USING X-RAY DIFFRACTION

使用 X 射线衍射分析河流沉积物成分，更好地了解古巴中部的地质情况

• DOI: 10.1130/abs/2019am-339415
• 发表时间: 2019-01
• 期刊: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs
• 作者: Williamson, Landon;Perdrial, Nicolas;Hughes, John M.;Campbell, Mae Kate;Schmidt, Amanda H.;Sibello Hernández, Rita Y.;García Moya, Alejandro;Cartas Aguila, Hector A.;Bolaños Alvarez, Yoelvis;Guillén Arruebarrena, Aniel;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

¡Cuba! River Water Chemistry Reveals Rapid Chemical Weathering, the Echo of Uplift, and the Promise of More Sustainable Agriculture

古巴！

• DOI: 10.1130/gsatg419a.1
• 发表时间: 2020-01
• 期刊: GSA Today
• 作者: Bierman, Paul;Hernández, Rita Yvelice;Schmidt, Amanda H.;Aguila, Héctor Alejandro;Alvarez, Yoelvis Bolaños;Arruebarrena, Aniel Guillén;Campbell, Mae Kate;Dethier, David;Dix, Monica;Massey;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

QUANTIFYING THE EFFECTS OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN 26 CENTRAL CUBAN RIVERS USING SHORT-LIVED FALLOUT RADIONUCLIDES IN DETRITAL RIVER SEDIMENT

利用碎屑河沉积物中的短命沉降放射性核素量化古巴中部 26 条河流的有机农业影响

• DOI: 10.1130/abs/2019am-340417
• 发表时间: 2019-01
• 期刊: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs
• 作者: Dix, Monica;Hecht, Zoe;Bermudez, Emily A.;Schmidt, Amanda H.;Bierman, Paul;Campbell, Mae Kate;Dethier, David P.;Racela, Jason;Perdrial, Julia;Massey;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Early Holocene ice retreat from Isle Royale in the Laurentian Great Lakes constrained with 10 Be exposure-age dating

劳伦森五大湖皇家岛的全新世早期冰退缩受到 10 Be 暴露年龄测定的限制

• DOI: 10.5194/gchron-5-413-2023
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Geochronology
• 作者: Portenga, Eric W.;Ullman, David J.;Corbett, Lee B.;Bierman, Paul R.;Caffee, Marc W.
• 通讯作者: Caffee, Marc W.

Cosmogenic nuclide and solute flux data from central Cuban rivers emphasize the importance of both physical and chemical mass loss from tropical landscapes

来自古巴中部河流的宇宙成因核素和溶质通量数据强调了热带景观物理和化学质量损失的重要性

• DOI: 10.5194/gchron-4-435-2022
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: Geochronology
• 作者: Campbell, Mae Kate;Bierman, Paul R.;Schmidt, Amanda H.;Sibello Hernández, Rita;García;Corbett, Lee B.;Hidy, Alan J.;Cartas Águila, Héctor;Guillén Arruebarrena, Aniel;Balco, Greg;et al
• 通讯作者: et al