SHF: Small: RUI: Before, during, and after requirements elicitation interviews: a comprehensive support for improving the quality of requirements

SHF：小：RUI：需求启发访谈之前、期间和之后：为提高需求质量提供全面支持

• 批准号: 1718377
• 负责人: Paola Spoletini
• 金额: $ 39.99万
• 依托单位: Kennesaw State University Research and Service Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-15 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1718377&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SHF; Small; RUI; Before; during

Requirements engineering is the set of activities concerned with determining and communicating the expectations for a new or modified product, and the contexts in which it will be used. Requirements elicitation, i.e., the practice of collecting these features, called requirements, is the first of these activities and is recognized as a critical and difficult stage in the development of software systems. Among the available elicitation techniques, interviews with stakeholders are the most commonly used in practice. Normally, they involve two actors: a customer and a requirements analyst; and their goal is to allow the knowledge transfer from the first to the second one so that the analyst can collect precise, correct, and complete requirements. The importance of interviews is widely recognized and many of the factors that might affect the knowledge transfer in interviews have been analyzed. However, a comprehensive approach to improve the effectiveness and the quality of requirements elicitation interviews has not been studied yet. This research aims at filling this gap by providing a set of novel techniques and tools to support the analyst before, during, and after the interview.The "before support" is concretized in developing a training for students and inexperienced analysts to teach them, with a hands-on approach, how to perform interviews, how to avoid the most common mistakes, and how to recognize ambiguous situations and exploit them to discover hidden knowledge. This part of the research includes also the creation of a course for undergraduate students to allow them to better develop their skills as analysts. The "during support" is a tool-based approach which uses biofeedback and voice analysis to help the analyst during the interview in identifying the increasing level of frustration in the customer, which might cause mistrust in the analyst. Finally, the "after support" consists of a protocol that uses an external observer to analyze recorded interviews to extract additional knowledge from them and possibly to identify additional common mistakes. This research has the potential to dramatically improve the requirements elicitation process, and consequently the software development process. This can lead to better software, thus benefiting the large segment of the population that uses and relies on software.

需求工程是一组涉及确定和传达对新产品或修改产品的期望及其使用环境的活动。需求获取，即收集这些称为需求的特征的实践，是这些活动中的第一个，被认为是软件系统开发中的关键和困难阶段。在可用的启发技术中，利益相关者访谈是实践中最常用的。通常，它们涉及两个参与者：客户和需求分析师；他们的目标是允许知识从第一个转移到第二个，以便分析师能够收集精确、正确和完整的需求。 访谈的重要性已得到广泛认可，并且对访谈中可能影响知识转移的许多因素进行了分析。然而，尚未研究出提高需求启发访谈的有效性和质量的综合方法。本研究旨在通过提供一套新颖的技术和工具来填补这一空白，在访谈之前、期间和之后为分析师提供支持。“之前的支持”具体表现为为学生和缺乏经验的分析师提供培训，以教授他们，实践方法，如何进行访谈，如何避免最常见的错误，以及如何识别模棱两可的情况并利用它们来发现隐藏的知识。 这部分研究还包括为本科生开设一门课程，让他们更好地发展分析师的技能。 “支持期间”是一种基于工具的方法，它使用生物反馈和语音分析来帮助分析师在访谈期间识别客户日益增加的挫败感，这可能会导致对分析师的不信任。最后，“后支持”由一个协议组成，该协议使用外部观察者来分析记录的访谈，以从中提取更多知识，并可能识别其他常见错误。这项研究有可能显着改善需求获取过程，从而改善软件开发过程。这可以带来更好的软件，从而使使用和依赖软件的大部分人群受益。

项目成果

The Way it Makes you Feel Predicting Users’ Engagement during Interviews with Biofeedback and Supervised Learning

使用生物反馈和监督学习预测用户参与度的方式

• DOI: 10.1109/re48521.2020.00016
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: 2020 IEEE 28th International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE
• 作者: Girardi, Daniela;Ferrari, Alessio;Novielli, Nicole;Spoletini, Paola;Fucci, Davide;Huichapa, Thaide
• 通讯作者: Huichapa, Thaide

Interview Review: Detecting Latent Ambiguities to Improve the Requirements Elicitation Process

面试审查：检测潜在的歧义以改进需求获取流程

• DOI: 10.1109/re.2017.15
• 发表时间: 2017-09-01
• 期刊: 2017 IEEE 25th International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE)
• 作者: Alessio Ferrari;P. Spoletini;Beatrice Donati;Didar Zowghi;S. Gnesi
• 通讯作者: S. Gnesi

Are Requirements Engineering Courses Covering what Industry Needs? A Preliminary Analysis of the United States Situation

需求工程课程是否涵盖了行业需求？

• DOI: 10.1109/reet.2018.00008
• 发表时间: 2018-08-01
• 期刊: 2018 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Education and Training (REET)
• 作者: Kim Hertz;P. Spoletini
• 通讯作者: P. Spoletini

Strategies, Benefits and Challenges of App Store-inspired Requirements Elicitation

受 App Store 启发的需求获取的策略、优势和挑战

• DOI: 10.1109/icse48619.2023.00114
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: IEEE
• 作者: Ferrari, Alessio;Spoletini, Paola
• 通讯作者: Spoletini, Paola

Learning Requirements Elicitation Interviews with Role-Playing, Self-Assessment and Peer-Review

学习要求启发式访谈，包括角色扮演、自我评估和同行评审

• DOI: 10.1109/re.2019.00015
• 发表时间: 2019-09-01
• 期刊: 2019 IEEE 27th International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE)
• 作者: Alessio Ferrari;P. Spoletini;Muneera Bano;Didar Zowghi
• 通讯作者: Didar Zowghi