SBP: The Roots of Female Underrepresentation in STEM and Beyond: Exploring the Development of Gender Stereotypes about Intelligence

SBP：STEM 及其他领域女性代表性不足的根源：探索关于智力的性别刻板印象的发展

• 批准号: 1733897
• 负责人: Andrei Cimpian
• 金额: $ 103.33万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1733897&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBP; Roots; Female; Underrepresentation; STEM

This project examines the development of a key factor leading to women's underrepresentation in science and technology. Specifically, it examines the development of the cultural stereotype that links males but not females with intellectual brilliance and genius. Previous research has found that academic disciplines that are believed to require a "spark of genius" tend to have the largest gender gaps. Because many science fields are portrayed in such terms, the "brilliance = males" stereotype may be an important factor in explaining the persistent gender gap in these disciplines. The primary goal of this research is understanding how this stereotype is acquired over the course of development. Investigating the development of this stereotype will inform how the stereotype might steer capable young women away from pursuing careers in science and technology and may also inform the optimal timing of potential interventions to block its adverse effects. This project consists of three studies to examine three crucial developmental issues. First, it investigates the development of children's knowledge of the cultural stereotype that males are more likely to be brilliant than females. Second, it investigates the development of gender differences in children's motivation to engage in activities portrayed as requiring high levels of intellectual aptitude. Finally, it investigates longitudinally whether internalizing the stereotype against females' intellectual abilities undermines young girls' subsequent motivation to engage in activities that are said to require brilliance and giftedness. This research explores the development of a set of processes that ultimately limit opportunities for women. As such, these studies will improve parents', educators', and policy-makers' ability to intervene at the root of the problem to promote greater gender equity in those domains of academia and industry in which women have traditionally been underrepresented.This proposal is being co-funded by Developmental and Learning Sciences, Social Psychology, and Science of Broadening Participation within the Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences Directorate and by the Education and Human Resources Directorate's Core Research program and the Research on Gender in Science and Engineering program.

该项目研究了导致妇女在科学和技术方面人为不足的关键因素的发展。具体而言，它研究了将男性而非女性与知识分子和天才联系起来的文化刻板印象的发展。先前的研究发现，被认为需要“天才的火花”的学科往往具有最大的性别差距。由于许多科学领域都是用这样的术语描绘的，因此“光彩=男性”的刻板印象可能是解释这些学科持续性别差距的重要因素。这项研究的主要目标是了解如何在整个发展过程中获得这种刻板印象。 调查这种刻板印象的发展将告知刻板印象如何使能力有能力的年轻女性从事科学和技术职业，还可以告知潜在干预措施以阻止其不良影响的最佳时机。该项目包括三项研究，用于研究三个关键的发展问题。首先，它调查了儿童对文化刻板印象的了解，即男性比女性更有可能是聪明的。其次，它调查了儿童从事需要高水平智力才能的活动的动机中性别差异的发展。最后，它纵向调查了对女性智力的刻板印象是否会破坏年轻女孩随后的动机，从而从事据说需要光辉和天赋的活动。这项研究探讨了一系列过程的发展，这些过程最终限制了妇女的机会。 As such, these studies will improve parents', educators', and policy-makers' ability to intervene at the root of the problem to promote greater gender equity in those domains of academia and industry in which women have traditionally been underrepresented.This proposal is being co-funded by Developmental and Learning Sciences, Social Psychology, and Science of Broadening Participation within the Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sc​​iences Directorate and by the Education and Human Resources Directorate's Core Research program以及科学与工程计划中性别的研究。