EAR-PF: Mapping the effects of drought on human evolution and East African ecosystems during the late Pleistocene using triple oxygen isotopes and bulk geochemistry in paleosols

EAR-PF：利用三氧同位素和古土壤中的整体地球化学来绘制更新世晚期干旱对人类进化和东非生态系统的影响

• 批准号: 1725621
• 负责人: Emily Beverly
• 金额: $ 8.7万
• 依托单位: Beverly Emily J
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1725621&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAR; PF; Mapping; effects; drought

Dr. Emily Beverly has been granted an EAR Postdoctoral Fellowship to carry out research and education plans at the University of Michigan. Using geochemical characteristics of ancient soils (paleosols) understood through the use of multiple proxies, Dr. Beverly will reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions in the Lake Victoria region in East Africa from about 100,000 to 33,000 years ago. This data will be used with in situ fossils and Middle Stone Age artifacts to bring insights to the question of whether humans migrated out of Africa during a wet or dry period. The education plan will focus on engaging undergraduate students in research. In addition, Dr. Beverly will continue her efforts to encourage and mentor young female scientists by participating in the Females Excelling More in Math, Engineering, and the Sciences (F.E.M.M.E.S.) program at the University of Michigan. The investigator will organize an event related to this investigation for girls in 4th through 6th grade with the goal of increasing excitement about the STEM fields and confidence in their abilities as scientists. Lastly, Dr. Beverly will partner with the Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) Program to encourage science education in local African schools.A new triple oxygen isotope proxy will be used to isolate the influence of evaporation in the water balance in combination with more traditional isotopic proxies and non-isotopic bulk geochemical methods. Complimentary studies of these proxies in modern Serengeti soils will anchor the paleoenvironmental interpretations and allow for the reconstruction of aridity for landscapes occupied by humans to help evaluate the role of long-term drought on human evolution and the emergence of the modern Serengeti Ecosystem. The addition of the triple oxygen isotope proxy will provide a means to reconstruct evaporation and will expand the ability to extract paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic data from paleosols. In addition, the proposed study in East Africa will provide key calibration data for interpreting these geochemical proxies and expand modern soil data available in a climate sensitive region.

艾米丽·贝弗利（Emily Beverly）博士已获得了在密歇根大学（University of Michigan）执行研究和教育计划的耳朵博士后奖学金。贝弗利博士将利用古代土壤（古土）的地球化学特征（古），将在东非维多利亚湖地区重建古环境条件，从大约100,000年前到33，000年前。这些数据将与原位化石和中石器时代的文物一起使用，以使人们对人类在潮湿或干燥时期迁移到非洲的问题。教育计划将着重于吸引本科生参与研究。此外，贝弗利博士将继续努力鼓励和指导年轻的女科学家，通过参加密歇根大学的女性在数学，工程学和科学（F.E.M.M.M.S.）计划中表现出色。调查人员将组织与这项4至6年级女孩调查有关的事件，目的是增加对STEM领域的兴奋和对他们作为科学家的能力的信心。最后，贝弗利博士将与全球学习和观察结果合作，以使环境（Globe）计划受益，以鼓励当地非洲学校的科学教育。新的三重氧同位素代理将用于隔离水平衡在水平衡中的影响。结合更传统的同位素代理和非同位物质的地球化学方法。对现代Serengeti土壤中这些代理的免费研究将锚定古环境的解释，并允许人类占据的景观的干旱重建，以帮助评估长期干旱对人类进化的作用以及现代Serengeti生态系统的出现。增加三重氧同位素代理将提供一种重建蒸发的方法，并将扩大从古溶质中提取古环境和古气候数据的能力。此外，东非拟议的研究将提供关键的校准数据，以解释这些地球化学代理并扩大气候敏感区域可用的现代土壤数据。

项目成果

Identifying the drivers of GDGT distributions in alkaline soil profiles within the Serengeti ecosystem

• DOI: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2022.104433
• 发表时间: 2022-05
• 期刊: Organic Geochemistry
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: M. Peaple;E. Beverly;Brittany Garza;S. Baker;N. Levin;J. Tierney;C. Häggi;S. Feakins

Triple oxygen isotope compositions of globally distributed soil carbonates record widespread evaporation of soil waters

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2023.06.034
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: J. Kelson;T. Huth;B. Passey;N. Levin;S. Petersen;P. Ballato;E. Beverly;D. Breecker;G. Hoke;A. Hudson;Haoyuan Ji;A. Licht;Erik J. Oerter;J. Quade

Carbon isotopic composition of plant waxes, bulk organics and carbonates from soils of the Serengeti grasslands

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2021.07.005
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Dao-lai Zhang;E. Beverly;N. Levin;E. Vidal;Yannick Matia;S. Feakins

Triple oxygen isotopes in the water cycle

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.120026
• 发表时间: 2021-03-02
• 期刊: CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Aron, Phoebe G.;Levin, Naomi E.;Yarian, Drake A.
• 通讯作者: Yarian, Drake A.