Terahertz Recollisions

太赫兹再碰撞

• 批准号: 1710639
• 负责人: Mark Sherwin
• 金额: $ 55万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1710639&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Terahertz; Recollisions

Nontechnical AbstractHigh-energy physicists explore the structure of matter by colliding elementary particles like protons and electrons. In solids, currents--like those generated in a photovoltaic cell after illumination by sunlight--are usually carried by entities called "quasi-particles." When acted on by a force, quasi-particles behave like particles, but actually involve the co-ordinated motions of thousands to millions of atoms. If an atom in a solid were scaled up to be the size of a person, then a quasi-particle would look something like "the wave" in a large, full stadium. The PI's group has recently discovered a method to accelerate and collide quasi-particles about 1 trillion times per second (1 Terahertz). The experimental signature of quasi-particle collisions is a rainbow-like spectrum of light that contains dozens of frequencies, or sidebands, that are equally spaced like the teeth on a comb. Each sideband, carries information about the speed with which the quasiparticles have collided, and the quantum-mechanical properties of the solid through which they have been accelerated before colliding. In this project, the PI's group will carefully analyze both the intensities and polarizations of the sidebands from a variety of electronic materials in order to elucidate the laws that govern the motion of quasiparticles and to search for new phases of strongly-driven matter. Possible applications of the proposed research include faster and more energy efficient optical communications and internet, improved optical clocks that are necessary in the global positioning system, and the ability to rapidly and reversibly tune the properties of materials. This project will support the training of two Ph. D. students and several undergraduates, who will learn a variety of skills that are critical to preserving U. S. competitiveness in the high-technology sector.Technical AbstractThis project addresses one of the grand challenges of 21st century science--how does quantum matter behave when it is driven very far from thermal equilibrium. The goals of this project are to take advantage of new opportunities in the study of strongly-driven matter to (1) develop a method of measuring the Berry curvature of bands in solids, which is critical to understanding the dynamics of quasiparticles; (2) elucidate the nature of quasiparticles in materials in which correlations between electrons are strong, like the parent compounds of high-Tc superconductors; and (3) search for new quantum-mechanical phases near the edges of materials that are driven by strong, time-periodic fields. In order to reach these goals, this project will use the recent discovery of high-order sideband generation (HSG) by the PI's group. Each of the materials of interest will be illuminated by a NIR laser while it is being driven by a strong THz-frequency electric field, and the intensities and polarizations of the resulting HSG spectra will be analyzed. Experiments will be closely coupled with theory to reach the project goals.

非技术摘要高能物理学家通过质子和电子等基本粒子的碰撞来探索物质的结构。 在固体中，电流（就像阳光照射后光伏电池中产生的电流一样）通常由称为“准粒子”的实体携带。当受到力的作用时，准粒子的行为就像粒子一样，但实际上涉及数千到数百万个原子的协调运动。 如果固体中的原子被放大到一个人的大小，那么准粒子看起来就像一个大的、完整的体育场中的“波”。 PI 的团队最近发现了一种每秒加速和碰撞准粒子约 1 万亿次（1 太赫兹）的方法。 准粒子碰撞的实验特征是彩虹般的光谱，其中包含数十个频率或边带，这些频率或边带像梳子上的牙齿一样间隔均匀。 每个边带都携带有关准粒子碰撞速度的信息，以及它们在碰撞前加速的固体的量子力学特性。 在这个项目中，PI的团队将仔细分析各种电子材料的边带强度和偏振，以阐明控制准粒子运动的定律并寻找强驱动物质的新相。 拟议研究的可能应用包括更快、更节能的光通信和互联网、全球定位系统所需的改进光学时钟，以及快速、可逆地调整材料性能的能力。该项目将支持培训两名博士生和几名本科生，他们将学习对保持美国在高科技领域的竞争力至关重要的各种技能。技术摘要该项目解决了 21 世纪的重大挑战之一科学——当量子物质远离热平衡时，它会如何表现。该项目的目标是利用强驱动物质研究的新机会：（1）开发一种测量固体中能带贝里曲率的方法，这对于理解准粒子的动力学至关重要； (2) 阐明电子间关联性强的材料（如高温超导体的母体化合物）中准粒子的性质； (3) 在强时间周期场驱动的材料边缘附近寻找新的量子力学相。 为了实现这些目标，该项目将使用 PI 小组最近发现的高阶边带生成 (HSG)。 每种感兴趣的材料将在强太赫兹频率电场的驱动下被近红外激光照射，并分析所产生的 HSG 光谱的强度和偏振。 实验将与理论紧密结合以实现项目目标。

项目成果

Temporal and spectral fingerprints of ultrafast all-coherent spin switching

超快全相干自旋切换的时间和光谱指纹

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1174-7
• 发表时间: 2019-05-01
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: S. Schlauderer;Christoph Lange;S. Baierl;T. Ebnet;C. Schmid;D. Valovcin;A. K. Zvezdin;A. K. Zvezdin
• 通讯作者: A. K. Zvezdin

Optical frequency combs from high-order sideband generation

高阶边带生成的光学频率梳

• DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.029807
• 发表时间: 2018-10
• 期刊: Optics Express
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Valovcin, Darren C.;Banks, Hunter B.;Mack, Shawn;Gossard, Arthur C.;West, Kenneth;Pfeiffer, Loren;Sherwin, Mark S.
• 通讯作者: Sherwin, Mark S.

Reconstruction of Bloch wavefunctions of holes in a semiconductor

半导体中空穴布洛赫波函数的重建

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03940-2
• 发表时间: 2021-11
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Costello, J. B.;O’Hara, S. D.;Wu, Q.;Valovcin, D. C.;Pfeiffer, L. N.;West, K. W.;Sherwin, M. S.
• 通讯作者: Sherwin, M. S.