Collaborative Research: Three-dimensional structure of Arctic tides and near-inertial oscillations, and their role in changing the Arctic Ocean and ice pack

合作研究：北冰洋潮汐和近惯性振荡的三维结构及其在改变北冰洋和冰层中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
1708424
负责人：
Laurence Padman
金额：
$ 31.45万
依托单位：
Earth and Space Research
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1708424&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Three dimensional structure

项目摘要

The Arctic Ocean is undergoing rapid change. Implications are significant for strategic and tactical military planning; regional, and perhaps global, climate; northern ecosystems and cultures; and economic interests. Climate models qualitatively agree that these changes will persist. Projections of when specific benchmarks, such as an ice-free summer Arctic Ocean, will be reached vary by several decades. Reducing uncertainty in Arctic change projections is an important task. This project identifies tides and near-inertial (NI) waves, with periods of approximately 12 hours, as the major components of Arctic ocean velocity fields, mixing rates and ice dynamics that are not presently represented in global coupled climate models. The project will provide the Arctic community with a database of time-dependent tidal and NI energy in select current meter records. Also, it will provide a carefully-validated, high-resolution, fully-forced Arctic coupled ocean/sea-ice model (OIM) for quantifying the effects of high-frequency (HF) processes on seasonal and longer-term variability of the Arctic Ocean and its ice pack. The project will contribute to STEM workforce development through support for the training of a post-doctoral associate and a graduate student, and through support for two early-career scientists. K-12 outreach will be enabled through in-person and webinar programs at schools in AK, TX, WA and OR. A public-friendly video with visualization of model results will be prepared and distributed to schools and other communities including coastal Alaskan villages, and highlighted on the project website.Motivated by observations of strong HF ocean currents and ice drift velocities that are very sensitive tochanges in sea-ice state, sparse measurements of HF time series of ocean mixing and ice deformation,and coarse-grid models with parameterized tide forcing, this project tests the following hypothesis: "Energetic, HF processes, including tides and wind-generated NI waves, are critical contributors to the seasonal cycle and longer-term trends of the Arctic's 3-D hydrography and circulation, sea-ice characteristics, and exchanges of heat, freshwater and momentum between the atmosphere, ocean and sea-ice." The program's specific goals are to map the time-dependent distribution of HF energy in the ocean and ice throughout the Arctic; assess the role of HF processes in the Arctic ice and upper ocean; develop understanding of the HF processes coupling the sea ice, ocean, and atmosphere; and quantify the effect of HF processes on seasonal cycles and longer-term trends. Taking advantage of rapidly growing databases for ocean and sea-ice velocities, and improvements in resolution and physical realism of OIMs, it integrates analyses of tidal and NI signals in select Arctic ocean moorings and sea-ice drift data, validation of a high resolution (~2 km x 106 vertical levels) pan-Arctic OIM with full atmospheric and tidal forcing, and comparison of a suite of model simulations with different forcing to identify dominant HF processes. Simulations with simplified forcing (e.g., removing tides and low-pass filtering the winds to reduce NI forcing) will identify key factors involved in HF influence on ocean and sea-ice state on seasonal and longer time scales. Focus areas include the effect of HF processes on ice formation and dispersion of river freshwater and heat fluxes in shelf seas, on mixing of Atlantic- and Pacific-sourced waters along the Arctic continental slopes, on feedbacks between ocean and sea-ice HF processes, and on the seasonal cycle of atmospheric heat exchange with the ocean and sea ice.

北冰洋正在经历快速变化。对于战略和战术军事规划具有重要意义；区域气候，或许还有全球气候；北方生态系统和文化；和经济利益。气候模型定性地认为这些变化将持续存在。对何时达到具体基准（例如夏季北冰洋无冰）的预测存在数十年的差异。减少北极变化预测的不确定性是一项重要任务。该项目将潮汐和近惯性 (NI) 波（周期约为 12 小时）确定为北冰洋速度场、混合率和冰动力学的主要组成部分，而这些在全球耦合气候模型中目前尚未体现。该项目将为北极社区提供一个包含时间相关潮汐和 NI 能量的数据库，其中包含选定的当前仪表记录。此外，它将提供经过仔细验证的高分辨率、完全受力的北极耦合海洋/海冰模型（OIM），用于量化高频（HF）过程对北极季节性和长期变化的影响海洋及其冰块。该项目将通过支持培训一名博士后和一名研究生以及支持两名早期职业科学家，为 STEM 劳动力发展做出贡献。 K-12 的外展活动将通过在阿拉斯加州、德克萨斯州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州学校的面对面和网络研讨会计划来实现。将制作一个包含模型结果可视化的公众友好视频，并将其分发给学校和包括阿拉斯加沿海村庄在内的其他社区，并在项目网站上突出显示。海冰状态、海洋混合和冰变形的 HF 时间序列的稀疏测量以及具有参数化潮汐力的粗网格模型，该项目测试了以下假设：“能量、HF 过程，包括潮汐和风力产生的 NI波浪是北极 3-D 水文学和环流、海冰特征以及大气、海洋和海冰之间热量、淡水和动量交换的季节周期和长期趋势的关键因素。”该计划的具体目标是绘制整个北极海洋和冰中高频能量随时间的分布图；评估 HF 过程在北极冰和上层海洋中的作用；加深对海冰、海洋和大气耦合的高频过程的了解；并量化 HF 过程对季节性周期和长期趋势的影响。利用快速增长的海洋和海冰速度数据库以及 OIM 分辨率和物理真实性的改进，它集成了对选定北冰洋系泊和海冰漂移数据中的潮汐和 NI 信号的分析，验证了高分辨率（ ~2 km x 106 垂直水平）具有完整大气和潮汐强迫的泛北极 OIM，并对具有不同强迫的一套模型模拟进行比较，以确定主要的 HF 过程。使用简化的强迫进行模拟（例如，消除潮汐和对风进行低通滤波以减少 NI 强迫）将确定高频在季节性和较长时间尺度上对海洋和海冰状态影响的关键因素。重点领域包括HF过程对河流淡水和陆架海热通量的冰形成和扩散的影响，对北极大陆斜坡沿线大西洋和太平洋来源的水的混合的影响，对海洋和海冰HF过程之间的反馈的影响，以及大气与海洋和海冰热交换的季节性循环。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Eastern Arctic Ocean Diapycnal Heat Fluxes through Large Double-Diffusive Steps

北冰洋东部二重热通量通过大型双扩散台阶

DOI：
10.1175/jpo-d-18-0080.1
发表时间：
2019-01
期刊：
Journal of Physical Oceanography
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Polyakov, Igor V.;Padman, Laurie;Lenn, Y.;Pnyushkov, Andrey;Rember, Robert;Ivanov, Vladimir V.
通讯作者：
Ivanov, Vladimir V.

Tidal Modulation of Buoyant Flow and Basal Melt Beneath Petermann Gletscher Ice Shelf, Greenland

格陵兰彼得曼冰川冰架下浮力流和基底融化的潮汐调节

DOI：
10.1029/2020jc016427
发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
影响因子：
0
作者：
Washam P;Nicholls KW;Münchow A;Padman L
通讯作者：
Padman L

Arctic tidal current atlas

北极潮流图集

DOI：
10.1038/s41597-020-00578-z
发表时间：
2020-08
期刊：
Scientific Data
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Baumann, Till M.;Polyakov, Igor V.;Padman, Laurie;Danielson, Seth;Fer, Ilker;Janout, Markus;Williams, William;Pnyushkov, Andrey V.
通讯作者：
Pnyushkov, Andrey V.

Oceanic Routing of Wind-Sourced Energy Along the Arctic Continental Shelves

北极大陆架风能的海洋路线

DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2020.00509
发表时间：
2020-07
期刊：
Frontiers in Marine Science
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Danielson, Seth L.;Hennon, Tyler D.;Hedstrom, Katherine S.;Pnyushkov, Andrey V.;Polyakov, Igor V.;Carmack, Eddy;Filchuk, Kirill;Janout, Markus;Makhotin, Mikhail;Williams, William J.;et al
通讯作者：
et al

Structure and dynamics of mesoscale eddies over the Laptev Sea continental slope in the Arctic Ocean

北冰洋拉普捷夫海大陆坡上空中尺度涡旋的结构和动力学