SI2-SSI: Lightweight Infrastructure for Land Atmosphere Coupling (LILAC): A Tool for Easy Integration of the Community Land Model into Multiple Modeling Systems

SI2-SSI：陆地大气耦合的轻量级基础设施 (LILAC)：将社区土地模型轻松集成到多个建模系统中的工具

• 批准号: 1664198
• 负责人: A Denning
• 金额: $ 160万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-10-01 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1664198&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SI2; SSI; Lightweight; Infrastructure; Land

Everyone on Earth lives on the ground, so interactions between the atmosphere and the land surface are a critically important part of the climate system and understanding these interactions is important for weather prediction, agriculture, and urban water management. Earth System Models (ESMs) are complex software systems representing complex natural systems. They are critical tools for diagnosing, understanding, and predicting interactions and change in the atmosphere, oceans, and land ecosystems. This project will develop a new software system for coupling the land and atmosphere components of Earth System models, specifically for the most widely-used climate model in the world: the Community Earth System Model (CESM). The new system will be capable of simulating climates near the ground including exchanges of heat, water ,and carbon between vegetated land and the air as well as streamflow and soil moisture. As an officially-supported component of CESM, it will be used by thousands of scientists and students around the world. Unlike its predecessor, the new system will be able to simulate small areas at high resolution for important applications and testing. The project will also support a computer science graduate student as well as academics and scientists who will help develop and test the software. The PIs will engage a global community of software developers and users through a series of workshops and webinars as well as through professional societies and publications. The PIs recognize the chronic under-representation of women and ethnic minorities in both Computer Science and Atmospheric Science. To address this, they will host a computer science summer camp for middle school students from underrepresented groups (URGs), and close collaboration with existing climate courses for K-12 teachers, science outreach in K-12 schools, and a highly successful REU-Site operated by the PI. This project will dramatically improve the usability of the most widely-used climate model in existence. Hundreds of developers and thousands of users around the world will benefit from the far greater flexibility and use cases for this model. The Community Land Model will be coupled to a much greater range of atmospheric codes for weather prediction, air quality applications, and climate projections that enhance the quality of life for people everywhere. The Community Earth System Model CESM) is a uniquely open ESM with a distributed community of hundreds of developers and thousands of users around the world. Compared to other ESMs, CESM is the "Linux of climate models." The land component of CESM, the Community Land Model (CLM), has its own vibrant and diverse user and development community, which has supported the construction of a particularly comprehensive terrestrial system model. It includes a rich array of processes that enable examination of the physical, biological, and chemical processes by which natural terrestrial ecosystems and human-managed land affect and are affected by climate and weather. CESM can only be run globally, but there is widespread interest in coupling CLM to alternative high-resolution atmosphere models to study the challenging scientific problems that exist at the interface between small and large spatial scales. A barrier to this research, however, is that CLM cannot readily be coupled to alternative atmosphere models. The CLM coupling interface only supports communication with the CESM coupling infrastructure (CPL7), which imposes strict requirements on how an atmospheric component can communicate with CLM. One key requirement is for the atmosphere model to complete a full time step before coupling can occur. This requirement necessitates significant refactoring of many atmospheric models in order for them to couple to CLM via CPL7. In addition, the tools to build and configure CLM are currently difficult to use outside of the CESM context. For all of these reasons, CLM has never been coupled to alternative atmospheric models in a sustainable fashion. Colorado State University (CSU), in partnership with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), proposes to develop a Lightweight Infrastructure for Land-Atmosphere Coupling (LILAC) that will significantly simplify the coupling of CLM to alternative atmospheric models. The LILAC coupler and the associated proposed streamlining and simplification of the CLM tool chain will be developed and tested with a prototype high-resolution atmosphere model, the CSU SAM Cloud Resolving Model, and will be extended for use with any arbitrary Target Atmosphere Model. The development of LILAC and associated tools will enable numerous groups to couple CLM to their atmospheric models, and to quickly update to new state-of-the-art CLM model versions as they become available. This will open up new avenues of land-atmosphere research that can exploit the combined biogeophysical and biogeochemical capabilities of CLM with the strengths of high-resolution atmosphere models. It will enable research into land-atmosphere interactions across a variety of scales, ranging from turbulence-resolving simulations of tower and aircraft data to cloud-resolving simulations to study how small-scale land features such as hillslopes, valleys, lakes, rivers, urban areas and farms conspire to alter surface climate and atmospheric boundary layer characteristics to continental-scale simulations of the impact of land cover and land use change on weather and climate.This project is supported by the Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure in the Directorate for Computer & Information Science and Engineering and the Office of Polar Programs and Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Science in the Directorate for Geosciences.

地球上的每个人都生活在地面上，因此大气和陆地表面之间的相互作用是气候系统中至关重要的一部分，了解这些相互作用对于天气预报、农业和城市水资源管理非常重要。地球系统模型 (ESM) 是代表复杂自然系统的复杂软件系统。它们是诊断、理解和预测大气、海洋和陆地生态系统相互作用和变化的重要工具。该项目将开发一个新的软件系统，用于耦合地球系统模型的陆地和大气组成部分，特别是针对世界上使用最广泛的气候模型：社区地球系统模型（CESM）。新系统将能够模拟地面附近的气候，包括植被和空气之间的热量、水和碳的交换，以及水流和土壤湿度。作为 CESM 官方支持的组成部分，它将被世界各地数千名科学家和学生使用。与前身不同，新系统将能够以高分辨率模拟小区域，以进行重要的应用和测试。该项目还将支持一名计算机科学研究生以及帮助开发和测试该软件的学者和科学家。 PI 将通过一系列研讨会和网络研讨会以及专业协会和出版物吸引全球软件开发人员和用户社区的参与。 PI 认识到女性和少数族裔在计算机科学和大气科学领域的代表性长期不足。为了解决这个问题，他们将为来自弱势群体 (URG) 的中学生举办计算机科学夏令营，并与 K-12 教师现有的气候课程、K-12 学校的科学推广以及非常成功的 REU- 密切合作。网站由 PI 运营。该项目将极大地提高现有最广泛使用的气候模型的可用性。全球数百名开发人员和数千名用户将受益于该模型更大的灵活性和用例。社区土地模型将与更广泛的大气代码相结合，用于天气预报、空气质量应用和气候预测，从而提高世界各地人们的生活质量。 社区地球系统模型 (CESM) 是一个独特的开放 ESM，拥有由全球数百名开发人员和数千名用户组成的分布式社区。与其他 ESM 相比，CESM 是“气候模型的 Linux”。 CESM的土地组成部分，社区土地模型（CLM），拥有自己充满活力和多样化的用户和开发社区，支持了特别全面的陆地系统模型的建设。它包括一系列丰富的过程，可以检查自然陆地生态系统和人类管理的土地影响气候和天气以及受气候和天气影响的物理、生物和化学过程。 CESM 只能在全球范围内运行，但人们对将 CLM 与替代高分辨率大气模型耦合以研究小空间尺度和大空间尺度之间存在的具有挑战性的科学问题有着广泛的兴趣。然而，这项研究的一个障碍是 CLM 不能轻易地与替代大气模型耦合。 CLM耦合接口仅支持与CESM耦合基础设施（CPL7）的通信，这对大气组件如何与CLM通信提出了严格的要求。一个关键要求是大气模型在耦合发生之前完成完整的时间步骤。这一要求需要对许多大气模型进行重大重构，以便它们通过 CPL7 耦合到 CLM。此外，构建和配置 CLM 的工具目前很难在 CESM 上下文之外使用。由于所有这些原因，CLM 从未以可持续的方式与替代大气模型耦合。科罗拉多州立大学 (CSU) 与国家大气研究中心 (NCAR) 合作，提议开发用于陆地-大气耦合的轻量级基础设施 (LILAC)，这将显着简化 CLM 与替代大气模型的耦合。 LILAC 耦合器和相关的 CLM 工具链的精简和简化将使用原型高分辨率大气模型（CSU SAM 云解析模型）进行开发和测试，并将扩展到与任何任意目标大气模型一起使用。 LILAC 和相关工具的开发将使许多团体能够将 CLM 与其大气模型结合起来，并在新的最先进的 CLM 模型版本可用时快速更新到它们。这将为陆地大气研究开辟新途径，可以利用 CLM 的生物地球物理和生物地球化学能力与高分辨率大气模型的优势相结合。它将能够研究各种尺度的陆地-大气相互作用，从塔和飞机数据的湍流解析模拟到云解析模拟，以研究小规模的土地特征，如山坡、山谷、湖泊、河流、城市地区和农场共同改变地表气候和大气边界层特征，以模拟陆地覆盖和土地利用变化对天气和气候的影响。该项目得到了高级网络基础设施办公室的支持计算机与信息科学与工程局、极地项目办公室以及地球科学局大气和地球空间科学部。