Manufacturing of Metal Nanostructures by Tensile Deformation of Liquid Metal Arrays

通过液态金属阵列拉伸变形制造金属纳米结构

• 批准号: 1663568
• 负责人: Golden Kumar
• 金额: $ 23.12万
• 依托单位: Texas Tech University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-10-01 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1663568&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Manufacturing; Metal; Nanostructures; Tensile; Deformation

Metal nanostructures are essential for energy conversion and storage, sensors, plasmonics, water purification, and biomedical applications. Despite growing demand in these technologies, the manufacturing methods for metal nanostructures have remained few and often complex. Polymer nanostructures can be massively fabricated by nanoimprinting, template infiltration, and electrospinning. A plethora of top-down (etching) and bottom-up (directed- or self-assembly) techniques have been developed for semiconductor nanostructures to meet the needs of microelectronics industry. In contrast, metal nanostructures still require multiple lithographic and thin film deposition steps which are slow and expensive. This award supports fundamental research in the rheology of liquid metals to advance a new nanomanufacturing technique involving tensile deformation and rupture of arrays of liquid metal. The research enables nanolithography-free fabrication of controllable metal nanostructures assembled on various substrates such as metals, glasses, polymers, and semiconductors. The project provides education and hands-on training in metal nanomanufacturing to undergraduate and graduate students and opportunities in engineering to minority students and students with disability. A variety of shapes such as droplets, thin films, beads-on-a-string, conical structures, and long fibers can be created by deformation of polymer liquids. This is enabled by tuning rheological and interfacial properties of polymer solutions. However, a similar approach is not applicable to liquid metals because of their low viscosity, high surface tension, and lack of viscoelasticity. These challenges of conventional metals are overcome by using amorphous metals or glass forming metal alloys which exhibit a metastable supercooled liquid state that mimics the rheology of thermoplastics. Effects of viscosity, surface tension, and strain-rate on flow behavior of metallic supercooled liquids are systematically studied. Such knowledge is used to manipulate the supercooled liquid state for high-throughput manufacturing of metal nanostructures by mechanical means. The research work involves extensional or tensile deformation of liquid metal arrays to create high-aspect-ratio and hollow metal nanostructures which are not feasible by existing embossing methods. The glassy or amorphous nanostructures are subsequently devitrified or crystallized for applications which require crystalline metal nanostructures. Besides leading to new applications, this nanomanufacturing project enables fundamental studies on size effects in metallic glasses through performance of thermal, electrical, and mechanical tests on nanoscale specimens.

金属纳米结构对于能量转换和存储、传感器、等离子体、水净化和生物医学应用至关重要。尽管对这些技术的需求不断增长，但金属纳米结构的制造方法仍然很少而且通常很复杂。聚合物纳米结构可以通过纳米压印、模板渗透和静电纺丝来大规模制造。为了满足微电子工业的需求，已经开发出大量用于半导体纳米结构的自上而下（蚀刻）和自下而上（定向或自组装）技术。相比之下，金属纳米结构仍然需要多个光刻和薄膜沉积步骤，这些步骤缓慢且昂贵。该奖项支持液态金属流变学的基础研究，以推进涉及液态金属阵列拉伸变形和破裂的新型纳米制造技术。该研究使得能够在金属、玻璃、聚合物和半导体等各种基材上组装的可控金属纳米结构的无纳米光刻制造成为可能。该项目为本科生和研究生提供金属纳米制造方面的教育和实践培训，并为少数民族学生和残疾学生提供工程机会。通过聚合物液体的变形可以产生各种形状，例如液滴、薄膜、串珠、圆锥形结构和长纤维。这是通过调节聚合物溶液的流变学和界面特性来实现的。然而，类似的方法不适用于液态金属，因为它们的粘度低、表面张力高且缺乏粘弹性。通过使用非晶态金属或玻璃形成金属合金克服了传统金属的这些挑战，这些金属合金表现出模仿热塑性塑料流变学的亚稳态过冷液态。系统研究了粘度、表面张力和应变率对金属过冷液体流动行为的影响。这些知识用于操纵过冷液态，通过机械手段高通量制造金属纳米结构。研究工作涉及液态金属阵列的延伸或拉伸变形，以创建高纵横比和中空金属纳米结构，这是现有压花方法无法实现的。随后将玻璃状或无定形纳米结构失透或结晶以用于需要结晶金属纳米结构的应用。除了带来新的应用之外，该纳米制造项目还可以通过对纳米级样品进行热、电和机械性能测试，对金属玻璃的尺寸效应进行基础研究。

项目成果

Nanoshaping of glass forming metallic liquids by stretching: evading lithography

通过拉伸形成金属液体的玻璃纳米成形：避免光刻

• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaf3db
• 发表时间: 2019-02
• 期刊: Nanotechnology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Hu, Zhonglue;Meduri, Chandra Sekhar;Blawzdziewicz, Jerzy;Kumar, Golden
• 通讯作者: Kumar, Golden

Friction and wear of Pd-rich amorphous alloy (Pd 43 Cu 27 Ni 10 P 20 ) under dry and ionic liquid (IL) lubricated conditions

富钯非晶合金（Pd 43 Cu 27 Ni 10 P 20 ）在干燥和离子液体（IL）润滑条件下的摩擦磨损

• DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2018.05.017
• 发表时间: 2018-08
• 期刊: Wear
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Lee, Jaeho;He, Muyang;Yeo, Chang;Kumar, Golden;Hu, Zhonglue;Quitevis, Edward L.;Thalangamaarachchige, Vidura D.
• 通讯作者: Thalangamaarachchige, Vidura D.

Buckling of metallic glass supercooled liquid layer during embossing

压花过程中金属玻璃过冷液层的屈曲

• DOI: 10.1063/1.5091721
• 发表时间: 2019-03
• 期刊: Applied Physics Letters
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Meduri, Chandra Sekhar;Hu, Zhonglue;Blawzdziewicz, Jerzy;Kumar, Golden
• 通讯作者: Kumar, Golden

Photoinduced heat conversion enhancement of metallic glass nanowire arrays

金属玻璃纳米线阵列的光致热转换增强

• DOI: 10.1063/1.5059423
• 发表时间: 2019-01
• 期刊: Journal of Applied Physics
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Uzun, Ceren;Meduri, Chandrasekhar;Kahler, Niloofar;de Peralta, Luis Grave;McCollum, Jena M.;Pantoya, Michelle;Kumar, Golden;Bernussi, Ayrton A.
• 通讯作者: Bernussi, Ayrton A.