Collaborative Research: Using RELAMPAGO Observations to Understand the Thermodynamic, Kinematic, and Dynamic Processes Leading to Heavy Precipitation

合作研究：利用 RELAMPAGO 观测来了解导致强降水的热力学、运动学和动态过程

• 批准号: 1661799
• 负责人: Stephen Nesbitt
• 金额: $ 57.26万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1661799&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Using; RELAMPAGO; Observations

RELAMPAGO (Remote sensing of Electrification, Lightning, And Mesoscale/microscale Processes with Adaptive Ground Observations) will observe convective storms in the lee of the Andes Mountains in central Argentina. Storms in this region are poorly represented by weather and climate models and produce high impact weather in the lee of the Andes mountains in Argentina near the major cities of Cordoba and Mendoza. RELAMPAGO will be a 45-day project from 1 November - 15 December 2018. RELAMPAGO examines what are perhaps the "world's most intense thunderstorms" per satellite observations, studying the processes that generate intense convection and severe weather that accompanies them, including heavy precipitation, severe hail and winds, and tornadoes. By observing storms with new tools and techniques in detail in a region that has some similarities and key differences with the US Great Plains, RELAMPAGO is designed to make contributions to improve prediction of severe convective storms globally, including in the US. In addition, RELAMPAGO's international coordination is integrated to directly improve high impact weather prediction in Latin America. This project involves a collaboration between researchers at the University of Illinois and Colorado State University to study the processes that generate intense convection and precipitation in this region. The project includes a network of research-quality fixed and mobile radars, atmospheric soundings, and storm process measurements in concert with other RELAMPAGO measurements (including from the DOE ARM Mobile Facility-1) to characterize the environment and internal structure of heavy-rain-producing storms. These measurements, value-added products, analyses, and modeling activities are focused on understanding the precursors and processes within and external to the storms to address hypotheses on relevant to heavy rainfall production in Argentinean convective storms in this poorly observed, yet vulnerable region. Research activities also include developing forecast models that are crucial for developing the field campaign operations and forecast planning. Contributions include RELAMPAGO education and outreach activities.The region of the lee of the Andes mountains in west-central Argentina generates some of the most intense and organized convective systems on earth. These storms, initiated commonly near, and interacting with the complex terrain of the Andes and Sierras de Córdoba, produce frequent heavy rainfall that is known to lead to damaging flash floods. The RELAMPAGO (Remote sensing of Electrification, Lightning, And Mesoscale/microscale Processes with Adaptive Ground Observations) field campaign, from 1 November to 15 December 2018, is designed to provide a comprehensive array of profiling, surface, and remote sensing datasets with fixed and mobile platforms capable of characterizing the evolution of thermodynamic, kinematic, and microphysical measurements in and near convective storms on fine time and space scales. In this project, the NCAR S-PolKa dual-frequency dual-polarization, dual-wavelength S- and Ka-band radar, a network of Doppler on Wheels X-Band radars, frequent soundings, surface thermodynamic, kinematic, and microphysical measurements, and continuous water vapor profiling from the NCAR Water Vapor DIfferential Absorption Lidar (WVDIAL) platform, in concert with other RELAMPAGO measurements are used to characterize the environment and internal structure of heavy-rain-producing storms. These measurements, value-added products, analyses, and modeling activities focus on understanding the precursors and processes within and external to the convective storms to address hypotheses on relevant to heavy rainfall production in Argentinean convective storms in this poorly observed, yet vulnerable region. Leadership in research activities and configure forecast models that are crucial for developing the field campaign operations and forecast planning, as well as contributions to the RELAMPAGO education and outreach activities during the campaign are undertaken.

RELAMPAGO（利用自适应地面观测对电气化、闪电和中尺度/微尺度过程进行遥感）将观测阿根廷中部安第斯山脉背风处的对流风暴。该地区的风暴很难被天气和气候模型所代表，并产生很高的影响。从 11 月 1 日起，阿根廷安第斯山脉背风地区科尔多瓦和门多萨主要城市附近的天气将是一个为期 45 天的项目。 - 2018 年 12 月 15 日。RELAMPAGO 通过卫星观测研究了可能是“世界上最强烈的雷暴”，通过观测风暴来研究产生强烈对流和伴随雷暴的恶劣天气的过程，包括强降水、强冰雹和大风以及龙卷风。 RELANPAGO 在与美国大平原有一些相似之处和关键差异的地区详细介绍了新的工具和技术，旨在为改善强对流的预测做出贡献此外，RELAMPAGO 的国际协调也被整合起来，以直接改善拉丁美洲的高影响天气预报。该项目涉及伊利诺伊大学和科罗拉多州立大学的研究人员之间的合作，以研究产生强烈风暴的过程。该项目包括一个由研究级固定和移动雷达、大气探测和风暴过程测量组成的网络，与其他 RELAMPAGO 测量（包括来自 DOE ARM 移动设施 1 的测量）相结合，以描述该地区的对流和降水。这些测量、增值产品、分析和建模活动的重点是了解风暴内部和外部的前兆和过程，以解决与阿根廷暴雨产生相关的假设。研究活动还包括开发对于开展实地活动操作和预报规划至关重要的预报模型。研究活动包括 RELAMPAGO 教育和推广活动。安第斯山脉背风地区。阿根廷中西部产生了地球上最强烈、最有组织的对流系统，这些风暴通常在安第斯山脉和科尔多瓦山脉的复杂地形附近发起，并与这些地区相互作用，产生频繁的强降雨，从而导致破坏性的暴雨。 2018 年 11 月 1 日至 12 月 15 日，RELAMPAGO（利用自适应地面观测遥感电气化、闪电和中尺度/微尺度过程）现场活动，旨在通过固定和移动平台提供全面的剖面、表面和遥感数据集，能够在精细的时间和空间尺度上表征对流风暴中和附近的热力学、运动学和微物理测量的演变。 NCAR S-PolKa 双频双极化、双波长 S 和 Ka 波段雷达、轮上多普勒 X 波段雷达网络、频繁探测、表面热力学、 NCAR 水汽差动吸收激光雷达 (WVDIAL) 平台的运动学和微物理测量以及连续水汽剖面分析，与其他 RELAMPAGO 测量相结合，用于表征暴雨风暴的环境和内部结构。增值产品、分析和建模活动侧重于了解对流风暴内部和外部的前兆和过程，以解决与阿根廷对流风暴中强降雨产生相关的假设在这个观察不足但脆弱的地区，领导研究活动和配置预测模型，这对于制定实地活动操作和预测规划以及在活动期间为 RELAMPAGO 教育和外展活动做出贡献至关重要。

项目成果

The FARM (Flexible Array of Radars and Mesonets)

FARM（灵活的雷达和介电网络阵列）

• DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-20-0285.1
• 发表时间: 2021-04
• 期刊: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8
• 作者: Wurman, Joshua;Kosiba, Karen;Pereira, Brian;Robinson, Paul;Frambach, Andrew;Gilliland, Alycia;White, Trevor;Aikins, Josh;Trapp, Robert J.;Nesbitt, Stephen;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

A rapid refresh ensemble based data assimilation and forecast system for the RELAMPAGO field campaign

用于 RELAMPAGO 野外活动的基于快速刷新集合的数据同化和预报系统

• DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105858
• 发表时间: 2021-09-25
• 期刊: Atmospheric Research
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: M. E. Dillon;P. Maldonado;P. Corrales;Yanina García Skabar;J. Ruiz;M. Sacco;Federico Cutraro;L. Mingari;C. Matsudo;Luciano Vidal;Martín Rugna;M. P. Hobouchian;P. Salio;S. Nesbitt;C. Saulo;E. Kalnay;T. Miyoshi
• 通讯作者: T. Miyoshi

A storm safari in Subtropical South America: proyecto RELAMPAGO

南美洲亚热带风暴探险：proyecto RELAMPAGO

• DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-20-0029.1
• 发表时间: 2021-04
• 期刊: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8
• 作者: Nesbitt, Stephen W.;Salio, Paola V.;Ávila, Eldo;Bitzer, Phillip;Carey, Lawrence;Chandrasekar, V.;Deierling, Wiebke;Dominguez, Francina;Dillon, Maria Eugenia;Garcia, C. Marcelo;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Multiple-Platform and Multiple-Doppler Radar Observations of a Supercell Thunderstorm in South America during RELAMPAGO

RELAMPAGO 期间南美洲超级单体雷暴的多平台和多普勒雷达观测

• DOI: 10.1175/mwr-d-20-0125.1
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: Monthly Weather Review
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Trapp, Robert J.;Kosiba, Karen A.;Marquis, James N.;Kumjian, Matthew R.;Nesbitt, Stephen W.;Wurman, Joshua;Salio, Paola;Grover, Maxwell A.;Robinson, Paul;Hence, Deanna A.
• 通讯作者: Hence, Deanna A.

Gargantuan Hail in Argentina

阿根廷遭遇巨大冰雹

• DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-19-0012.1
• 发表时间: 2020-04
• 期刊: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8
• 作者: Kumjian, Matthew R.;Gutierrez, Rachel;Soderholm, Joshua S.;Nesbitt, Stephen W.;Maldonado, Paula;Luna, Lorena Medina;Marquis, James;Bowley, Kevin A.;Imaz, Milagros Alvarez;Salio, Paola
• 通讯作者: Salio, Paola