GOALI: Omics- and metabolically-informed out-selection of Nitrospira spp. and Comammox bacteria from energy efficient engineered nitrogen removal processes

目标：Nitrospira spp 的组学和代谢信息淘汰选择。

• 批准号: 1706726
• 负责人: Kartik Chandran
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1706726&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GOALI; Omics; metabolically; informed; out

PI Name: Kartik ChandranProposal Number: 1706726The wastewater treatment sector is in the midst of a renaissance to move towards embedding energy and resource efficiency in the pursuit of clean water and even becoming energy positive, i.e., producing energy from the water treatment process. The focus of this project is to develop a fundamental understanding of the bacterial populations and their activities in energy-efficient engineered wastewater treatment systems and use this understanding to facilitate full-scale implementation of these systems at water utilities. Potential benefits of this project include the possibility of widespread adoption of enhanced wastewater treatment technologies and approaches in utilities traditionally limited by energy availability or energy costs. This project addresses the theme "reducing nitrogenous pollution in an environmentally sustainable fashion," one of the grand engineering challenges defined by the National Academy of Engineering. Technology developed from this project is expected to contribute significantly to the nitrogen removal program of Washington, D.C. and other utilities in the US. The PIs will develop educational modules to introduce environmental microbiology research to high-school students from minority schools in New York City. The PIs plan to help bridge the gap between fundamental research and practical application of this new paradigm in energy-efficient clean water by developing and implementing educational modules directed at water quality professionals.The application of the anammox process for the treatment of sewage or dilute wastewater (mainstream deammonification) holds immense potential for scaling up the energy-savings and reduced overall footprint typically associated with anammox-based treatment of anaerobic digestion centrate or filtrate (sidestreams). Nevertheless, the typical operational strategies associated with selecting for aerobic and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB and AMX, respectively) and concurrently selecting against nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in sidestream systems do not apply to mainstream deammonification systems. The PIs plan to develop a science-based understanding of the microbial ecology, metabolism, biokinetics, and thermodynamics of NOB in mainstream deammonification processes. Based on this fundamental work, the PIs plan to develop metabolic and activated sludge models and employ these models for the optimization of lab-, pilot- and full-scale mainstream deammonification processes in New York City, Washington, D.C. and Odense, Denmark. This project represents one of the first systematic attempts at full-scale and pilot-scale implementation of NOB-outselection in the US supported by a fundamental-applied research continuum. Using novel molecular techniques such as next generation sequencing, systems biology (-omics) and conventional engineering based approaches, the PIs plan to model NOB ecology, metabolism and thermodynamics. The analytical and modeling effort will lead to a better understanding of the specific mechanisms by which to engineer stable mainstream deammonification microbial communities and processes. Ultimately, the results of this project can help to promote widespread adaptation of mainstream deammonification for biological nitrogen removal (BNR), based on a mechanistic understanding of the constituent linked microbial and engineering systems.

PI 姓名：Kartik Chandran 提案编号：1706726 废水处理行业正处于复兴之中，在追求清洁水的过程中嵌入能源和资源效率，甚至成为能源积极型，即通过水处理过程生产能源。该项目的重点是对节能工程废水处理系统中的细菌种群及其活动有一个基本的了解，并利用这种了解促进这些系统在自来水公司的全面实施。 该项目的潜在好处包括在传统上受能源可用性或能源成本限制的公用事业中广泛采用强化废水处理技术和方法的可能性。 该项目的主题是“以环境可持续的方式减少氮污染”，这是美国国家工程院定义的重大工程挑战之一。 该项目开发的技术预计将为华盛顿特区和美国其他公用事业公司的脱氮计划做出重大贡献。 PI 将开发教育模块，向纽约市少数族裔学校的高中生介绍环境微生物学研究。 PI 计划通过开发和实施针对水质专业人员的教育模块，帮助弥合这种节能清洁水新范式的基础研究和实际应用之间的差距。厌氧氨氧化工艺在污水或稀释废水处理中的应用（主流脱氨）在扩大节能规模和减少总体足迹方面具有巨大潜力，这通常与基于厌氧消化浓缩液或滤液（侧流）的厌氧氨氧化处理相关。 然而，与在侧流系统中选择需氧和厌氧氨氧化细菌（分别为AOB和AMX）以及同时选择亚硝酸盐氧化细菌（NOB）相关的典型操作策略并不适用于主流脱氨系统。 PI 计划对主流脱氨过程中 NOB 的微生物生态学、新陈代谢、生物动力学和热力学形成基于科学的理解。 基于这项基础工作，PI 计划开发代谢和活性污泥模型，并利用这些模型来优化纽约市、华盛顿特区和丹麦欧登塞的实验室、试点和全面主流脱氨工艺。 该项目是在美国全面和试点实施 NOB 淘汰的首次系统性尝试之一，并得到了基础应用研究连续体的支持。 PI 计划使用下一代测序、系统生物学 (-omics) 和传统工程方法等新型分子技术来模拟 NOB 生态、代谢和热力学。 分析和建模工作将有助于更好地理解设计稳定的主流脱氨微生物群落和过程的具体机制。 最终，该项目的结果有助于促进生物脱氮（BNR）主流脱氨的广泛应用，基于对微生物和工程系统相关成分的机械理解。