Doctoral Dissertation Research: Emergence and Persistence of Labor Market Dualism

博士论文研究：劳动力市场二元论的出现和持续

• 批准号: 1702915
• 负责人: Beverly Silver
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-01 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1702915&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Emergence; Persistence

This project will examine the processes leading to the worldwide emergence and persistence of labor market dualism. The growth of labor market dualism has become the subject of widespread debate in the scholarly and policy literature, with the existing literature focusing either on formal workers or informal/precarious workers. This project, in contrast, focuses on the interaction between these two groups of workers, providing fresh insights into the institutionalization and limits of polarized employment systems. By conducting a comparative analysis of four industries in post-1987 South Korea with divergent outcomes, this project will help identify the specific conditions facilitating (or impeding) dualism, and assist policymakers in finding solutions to the problems of precarious work and workplace inequality. This project addresses unanswered questions in the academic debate between the proponents of the "revitalization" thesis and the "dualization" thesis about the origins and limits of precarious work. The proponents of the revitalization thesis have argued that precarious workers are being empowered by ongoing economic transformations, creating the preconditions for them to organize and make demands for better wages and job security on their own behalf. By contrast, the proponents of the dualization thesis have suggested that micro-corporatist compromises between formal workers and employers have created insurmountable obstacles for the effective self-organization of precarious workers, thereby facilitating the long-term entrenchment of labor dualism. Through a comparison of four industries--textiles, electronics, automobile and shipbuilding-this project will assess the validity of these two hypotheses. The research conducted for this project will include (1) identifying the divergent patterns of labor dualism in the four industries since 1987; (2) creating and analyzing a new database of protests by formal and precarious workers in these four industries since 1987; and (3) conducting a narrative analysis in order to illuminate the causal mechanisms linking industrial structure, labor dualism, and the agency of both precarious and formal workers.

该项目将研究导致劳动市场二元论的全球出现和持久性的过程。劳动市场二元论的增长已成为学术和政策文献中广泛辩论的主题，现有文献将重点放在正式的工人或非正式/不稳定的工人上。相比之下，该项目的重点是这两组工人之间的相互作用，提供了对两极分化就业系统的制度化和限制的新见解。通过对1987年后韩国的四个行业进行不同结果的比较分析，该项目将有助于确定促进（或阻碍）二元论的特定条件，并协助决策者找到解决危险工作和工作场所不平等问题的解决方案。该项目解决了“振兴”论文的支持者与关于不稳定工作的起源和限制的“振兴”论文的支持者之间的尚未解决的问题。振兴论文的支持者认为，持续的经济转型正在赋予不稳定的工人，为他们提供组织的前提，并代表他们自己对更好的工资和工作安全提出要求。相比之下，双重化论文的支持者表明，正式工人和雇主之间的微型公司妥协为有效的不稳定工人的自我组织造成了不可逾越的障碍，从而促进了长期劳动二元论的长期巩固。 通过比较四个行业 - 纹理，电子，汽车和造船 - 该项目将评估这两个假设的有效性。为该项目进行的研究将包括（1）自1987年以来的四个行业中识别劳动二元论的不同模式； （2）自1987年以来，这四个行业的正式和不稳定工人创建和分析了新的抗议数据库； （3）进行叙事分析，以阐明将工业结构，劳动二元论以及不稳定和正式工人的代理联系的因果机制。