Collaborative Research: Shedding light on firefly phylogenetic systematics and the evolution of their carnal signal types

合作研究：揭示萤火虫系统发育系统学及其肉体信号类型的进化

• 批准号: 1655981
• 负责人: Seth Bybee
• 金额: $ 38.85万
• 依托单位: Brigham Young University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-15 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1655981&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Shedding; light; firefly

Few organisms capture human attention and imagination better than fireflies. Yet, we know exceptionally little about the 2000 species of fireflies. Fireflies play important roles in medical sciences and evolutionary, ecological, and behavioral studies. New species are described regularly while many others are under imminent threat of extinction. What is lacking is a tree of life (i.e., a phylogeny) for fireflies to help organize all species and explore their evolutionary history. After constructing this tree, the research will explore the evolution of the different courtship signals of fireflies (flashes, glows, or chemical odors), while exploring the structure and shape of the organ that produces the light. In addition, the research will determine the trade-off in the size and shape of sensors (eyes and antenna), when the mating signal changes from odors to light (glows or flashes) and vice versa. With these data, the signals and behavior of fossil fireflies and museum specimens can be predicted and specific questions about their evolution can be answered. The project will train graduate students and include outreach and citizen science efforts to actively engage the public. Websites, videos, and identification keys will assist both scientists and the public to better understand the diversity and ecology of fireflies across the US and world. Bioluminescence is widely scattered across the tree of life. Fireflies (Coleoptera, Lampyridae) are the most diverse, well-known, and well-studied bioluminescent group. The bioluminescence and flash patterns of adult fireflies are often used as textbook example of species-specific courtship signals. However, we still remain in the dark about their phylogenetic relationships and the evolution of their sexual communication systems. We will reconstruct a phylogeny across the worldwide diversity of fireflies. The diversity of their sexual signals, light producing organs, and signal receptors make these beetles an ideal lineage to study how the evolution of traits associated with sexual signaling and may have affected species diversity. This research has three major goals: 1) reconstruct the first large-scale phylogenetic hypotheses for Lampyridae based on extensive taxon sampling (~350 taxa) using both NGS and morphological data sets; 2) characterize the morphological phenotypes associated with the three main types of sexual communication based on light organ, eye, and antennal morphology of extant and fossil taxa, as well as of rare museum specimens; 3) reconstruct the evolutionary history of firefly sexual signal modes, and test for relationships between signal mode and species diversification. This research will catalyze studies of the Lampyridae and provide important empirical data on the role of sexual signaling and diversification that will be of general use to researchers across numerous disciplines.

然而，很少有生物比萤火虫更能吸引人类的注意力和想象力。然而，我们对在医学科学和进化、生态和行为研究中发挥着重要作用的 2000 种萤火虫知之甚少，而许多其他萤火虫物种仍处于研究之中。迫在眉睫的灭绝威胁是萤火虫的生命树（即系统发育），以帮助组织所有物种并探索它们的进化历史。在构建这棵树后，研究将探索萤火虫的进化。萤火虫的不同求偶信号（闪光、发光或化学气味），同时探索产生光的器官的结构和形状此外，该研究还将确定传感器（眼睛和眼睛）的大小和形状的权衡。天线），当交配信号从气味变为光（发光或闪光）时，反之亦然，利用这些数据，可以预测化石萤火虫和博物馆标本的信号和行为，并可以回答有关其进化的具体问题。将培训研究生，并包括积极吸引公众的外展和公民科学工作，网站、视频和识别密钥将帮助科学家和公众更好地了解美国和世界各地萤火虫的多样性和生态。萤火虫（鞘翅目、萤科）是最多样化、最知名且研究最透彻的生物发光类群，成年萤火虫的生物发光和闪光模式通常被用作生物发光。然而，我们仍然对它们的系统发育关系和性通讯系统的进化一无所知。我们将重建全球范围内萤火虫性信号多样性的系统发育。产生器官和信号受体使这些甲虫成为研究与性信号相关的性状进化如何影响物种多样性的理想谱系。这项研究有三个主要目标：1）重建第一个大规模系统发育假设。基于分类单元采样（~350 个分类单元）的萤科动物，使用 NGS 和形态学数据集；2) 根据现存和化石分类单元的光器官、眼睛和触角形态，表征与广泛性交流的三种主要类型相关的形态表型，以及稀有的博物馆标本；3）重建萤火虫性信号模式的进化历史，并测试信号模式与物种多样化之间的关系。萤科动物并提供了有关性信号和多样化作用的重要经验数据，这些数据将对众多学科的研究人员普遍使用。

项目成果

Nitidulidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea) of Vanuatu

瓦努阿图 Nitidulidae（鞘翅目：Cucujoidea）

• DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2020.03.005
• 发表时间: 2020-06
• 期刊: Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology
• 影响因子: 1.5
• 作者: Hadden, Rachael A.;Saxton, Natalie A.;Gerlach, Peter S.;Nielson, Parker L.;Brown, Samuel D.J.;Bybee, Seth M.;Powell, Gareth S.
• 通讯作者: Powell, Gareth S.

Two new species of coastal Atyphella Olliff (Lampyridae: Luciolinae)

沿海 Atyphella Olliff 两个新种（蜉蝣科：Luciolinae）

• DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4722.3.4
• 发表时间: 2020-01
• 期刊: Zootaxa
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: SAXTON, NATALIE A.;POWELL, GARETH S.;MARTIN, GAVIN J.;BYBEE, SETH M.
• 通讯作者: BYBEE, SETH M.

Investment in visual system predicted by floral associations in sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)

通过汁液甲虫的花关联预测视觉系统的投入（鞘翅目：Nitidulidae）

• DOI: 10.1111/syen.12558
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: Systematic Entomology
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Powell, Gareth S.;Bybee, Seth M.
• 通讯作者: Bybee, Seth M.

Type designations for fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) of the Biologia Centrali Americana Gorham, 1881 housed in the Natural History Museum, London

戈勒姆中美洲生物学家的萤火虫类型名称（鞘翅目：萤科），1881 年，收藏于伦敦自然历史博物馆

• DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.2.11
• 发表时间: 2020-07
• 期刊: Zootaxa
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: MARTIN, GAVIN J.;POWELL, GARETH S.
• 通讯作者: POWELL, GARETH S.

Beetle bioluminescence outshines extant aerial predators

甲虫的生物发光能力超过了现存的空中捕食者

• DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0821
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
• 作者: Powell, Gareth S.;Saxton, Natalie A.;Pacheco, Yelena M.;Stanger;Martin, Gavin J.;Kusy, Dominik;Felipe Lima Da Silveira, Luiz;Bocak, Ladislav;Branham, Marc A.;Bybee, Seth M.
• 通讯作者: Bybee, Seth M.