Collaborative Research: Headwater stream networks in a warming world: predicting heterotrophic ecosystem function using theory, multi-scale temperature manipulations and modeling

合作研究：变暖世界中的源头河流网络：利用理论、多尺度温度操纵和建模预测异养生态系统功能

基本信息

批准号：
1655789
负责人：
Amy Rosemond
金额：
$ 59.36万
依托单位：
University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-07-01 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1655789&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Headwater stream networks

项目摘要

Earth's river systems receive, transport, store, and break down a substantial proportion of the dead plant material produced in terrestrial ecosystems. Many of the steps in the breakdown of this organic matter are greatly affected by water temperature, which is increasing along with air temperature globally. While the effects of temperature on some of these steps are understood relatively well at small scales, it remains an open question how they interact as a complex, integrated ecosystem-level process to drive the effects of rising temperatures at the large spatial and temporal scales over which Earth's river systems operate. Consequently, research is needed that tests the effects of temperature on organic matter breakdown in whole ecosystems, with the explicit goal of scaling up these results to understand how entire river reaches and networks process organic matter. This project will use data from temperature manipulations at multiple spatial and temporal scales to: 1) inform ecological theory that uses basic principles to understand how the effects of temperature scale from individual organisms to entire ecosystems; and 2) build a model that simulates the effects of temperature on organic matter processing in an entire forest stream network. This research is important because rising temperatures may alter the global biogeochemical role of streams and rivers in currently unpredictable ways, making the results useful in the future management of river health. An education program will be an integral part of this project and will include the development of a citizen science project, as well as training of undergraduates, graduate students and research technicians. Fieldwork for this project will take place at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, North Carolina, U.S.A., a site with a decades-long history of research on organic matter processing in stream ecosystems. The first objective is to understand how warming affects the organisms (fungi and invertebrates) that are critically important in organic matter breakdown in streams. This component of the project will combine detailed laboratory-based studies of fungi, experiments in heated streamside channels and the warming of an entire reach of a small forest stream to understand how higher temperatures change community structure of fungal and animal decomposers. The second objective is to use the various temperature manipulations to understand how temperature changes pathways and rates of organic matter processing in streams and rivers. The fates of organic matter will be studied using laboratory investigations, streamside channels, and field experiments combined with organic matter budgets and food web descriptions in the experimentally warmed stream and a matching reference stream. The results of these first two objectives will be combined with extensive existing datasets available at the Coweeta site to inform the final objective: construction of an ecological model that predicts the effects of warming on organic matter processing in an entire stream network. This model will also allow incorporation of other important factors that could potentially change in the future, such as precipitation and the relative quality of organic matter that enters stream ecosystems. Together, this research will provide much needed information about how warming influences the important biogeochemical role of streams and rivers.

地球的河流系统接收、运输、储存和分解陆地生态系统中产生的大部分死亡植物材料。这种有机物分解的许多步骤都受到水温的极大影响，水温随着全球气温的升高而升高。虽然温度对其中一些步骤的影响在小尺度上已经得到了相对较好的理解，但它们如何作为一个复杂的、综合的生态系统层面的过程相互作用，以推动大时空尺度上气温上升的影响仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。地球河流系统的运作。因此，需要进行研究来测试温度对整个生态系统中有机物分解的影响，其明确目标是扩大这些结果，以了解整个河流河段和网络如何处理有机物。该项目将使用多个空间和时间尺度上的温度操纵数据来：1）为生态理论提供信息，该理论使用基本原理来理解温度尺度如何影响个体生物体对整个生态系统的影响； 2）建立一个模型，模拟整个森林溪流网络中温度对有机物处理的影响。这项研究很重要，因为气温上升可能会以目前不可预测的方式改变溪流和河流的全球生物地球化学作用，从而使研究结果可用于未来的河流健康管理。教育计划将是该项目的一个组成部分，其中包括公民科学项目的开发，以及对本科生、研究生和研究技术人员的培训。该项目的实地工作将在美国北卡罗来纳州的考维塔水文实验室进行，该实验室拥有数十年溪流生态系统有机物处理研究历史。第一个目标是了解变暖如何影响对溪流中有机物分解至关重要的生物体（真菌和无脊椎动物）。该项目的这一部分将结合详细的真菌实验室研究、加热河边渠道的实验以及整个小森林溪流的变暖，以了解更高的温度如何改变真菌和动物分解者的群落结构。第二个目标是利用各种温度操作来了解温度如何改变溪流和河流中有机物处理的路径和速率。将通过实验室调查、河道和现场实验，结合实验加热的河流和匹配的参考流中的有机物预算和食物网描述来研究有机物的命运。前两个目标的结果将与 Coweeta 站点现有的大量数据集相结合，以实现最终目标：构建一个生态模型，预测变暖对整个河流网络中有机物处理的影响。该模型还将允许纳入未来可能发生变化的其他重要因素，例如降水和进入河流生态系统的有机物的相对质量。总之，这项研究将提供有关变暖如何影响溪流和河流的重要生物地球化学作用的急需信息。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Temperature and interspecific interactions drive differences in carbon use efficiencies and biomass stoichiometry among aquatic fungi

温度和种间相互作用导致水生真菌碳利用效率和生物量化学计量的差异

DOI：
10.1093/femsec/fiad021
发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
FEMS Microbiology Ecology
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Tomczyk, Nathan J.;Rosemond, Amy D.;Whiteis, Ally M.;Benstead, Jonathan P.;Gulis, Vladislav
通讯作者：
Gulis, Vladislav

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake Stoichiometry Tracks Supply Ratio During 2-year Whole-Ecosystem Nutrient Additions

氮和磷吸收化学计量跟踪 2 年全生态系统养分添加期间的供应比率

DOI：
10.1007/s10021-022-00813-1
发表时间：
2023-08
期刊：
Ecosystems
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Tomczyk, Nathan J.;Rosemond, Amy D.;Kominoski, John S.;Manning, David W.;Benstead, Jonathan P.;Gulis, Vladislav;Thomas, Steven A.;Hotchkiss, Erin R.;Helton, Ashley M.
通讯作者：
Helton, Ashley M.

Streamwater nutrients stimulate respiration and breakdown of standardized detrital substrates across a landscape gradient: Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon quality

溪水营养物刺激景观梯度上标准化碎屑基质的呼吸和分解：氮、磷和碳质量的影响

DOI：
10.1086/707598
发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
Freshwater Science
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Usher, Rachel L.;Wood, James;Bumpers, Phillip M.;Wenger, Seth J.;Rosemond, Amy D.
通讯作者：
Rosemond, Amy D.

Differences in respiration rates and abrasion losses may muddle attribution of breakdown to macroinvertebrates versus microbes in litterbag experiments

呼吸速率和磨损损失的差异可能会混淆垃圾袋实验中大型无脊椎动物与微生物的分解归因

DOI：
10.1002/rra.4055
发表时间：
2022-12
期刊：
River Research and Applications
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Tomczyk, Nathan J.;Rosemond, Amy D.;Bumpers, Phillip M.;Cummins, Carolyn S.;Yang, Carol;Wenger, Seth J.
通讯作者：
Wenger, Seth J.

Ignoring temperature variation leads to underestimation of the temperature sensitivity of plant litter decomposition

忽略温度变化会导致低估植物凋落物分解的温度敏感性

DOI：
10.1002/ecs2.3050
发表时间：
2020-02
期刊：
Ecosphere
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Tomczyk, Nathan J.;Rosemond, Amy D.;Bumpers, Phillip M.;Cummins, Carolyn S.;Wenger, Seth J.;Benstead, Jonathan P.
通讯作者：
Benstead, Jonathan P.