CAREER: Eco-geomorphic response of coastal carbon to accelerated sea level rise

职业：沿海碳对海平面加速上升的生态地貌响应

• 批准号: 1654374
• 负责人: Matthew Kirwan
• 金额: $ 67.71万
• 依托单位: College of William & Mary Virginia Institute of Marine Science
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1654374&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Eco; geomorphic; response; coastal

The objective of this project is to determine how the carbon sequestered in coastal marshes will respond to sea level rise. The research will develop a computer model of tidal marsh carbon cycling that will be tested with data collected from across the Chesapeake Bay region. This work will illuminate how one of the world's largest carbon sinks will respond to climate change, and help land managers evaluate the degree to which marsh migration into drowning uplands will offset losses due to coastal erosion.Marshes and other shallow-water coastal environments are responsible for about half of all marine carbon sequestration, but little is known about how this carbon will respond to sea level rise and growing coastal infrastructure such as levees. Analysis of historical maps and marsh soils will be used to determine how fast carbon-rich marsh soils are developing on drowning land, and whether Chesapeake marshes have grown or contracted in response to the last century of sea level rise. Computer modeling will then be used to predict how marsh size and soil carbon content will respond to future sea level rise. The project will engage local community college and American Indian students, and provide land managers and policy makers with information about the fate and value of a prominent coastal ecosystem.

该项目的目标是确定沿海沼泽中封存的碳将如何应对海平面上升。该研究将开发潮汐沼泽碳循环的计算机模型，并将使用从切萨皮克湾地区收集的数据进行测试。这项工作将阐明世界上最大的碳汇之一将如何应对气候变化，并帮助土地管理者评估沼泽迁移到淹没高地将在多大程度上抵消海岸侵蚀造成的损失。沼泽和其他浅水沿海环境负有责任约一半的海洋碳封存，但人们对这些碳将如何应对海平面上升和堤坝等沿海基础设施的增长知之甚少。对历史地图和沼泽土壤的分析将用于确定淹没土地上富碳沼泽土壤的发展速度，以及切萨皮克沼泽是否因上世纪海平面上升而增长或收缩。然后，计算机模型将用于预测沼泽规模和土壤碳含量将如何应对未来海平面上升。该项目将吸引当地社区大学和美国印第安人学生参与，并为土地管理者和政策制定者提供有关重要沿海生态系统的命运和价值的信息。

项目成果

Field Experiments and Meta-analysis Reveal Wetland Vegetation as a Crucial Element in the Coastal Protection Paradigm

现场实验和荟萃分析表明湿地植被是海岸保护范式中的关键要素

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.05.017
• 发表时间: 2019-06-03
• 期刊: Current Biology
• 影响因子: 9.2
• 作者: B. Silliman;Qiang He;C. Angelini;Carter S. Smith;M. Kirwan;P. Daleo;Julianna J. Renzi;J. Butler;T. Osborne;James C. Nifong;J. Koppel
• 通讯作者: J. Koppel

Variability in marsh migration potential determined by topographic rather than anthropogenic constraints in the Chesapeake Bay region

切萨皮克湾地区沼泽迁移潜力的变化是由地形而非人为限制决定的

• DOI: 10.1002/lol2.10262
• 发表时间: 2022-05-31
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography Letters
• 影响因子: 7.8
• 作者: G. D. Molino;J. Carr;N. Ganju;M. Kirwan
• 通讯作者: M. Kirwan

Compensatory Mechanisms Absorb Regional Carbon Losses Within a Rapidly Shifting Coastal Mosaic

补偿机制吸收快速变化的沿海马赛克区域的碳损失

• DOI: 10.1007/s10021-023-00877-7
• 发表时间: 2023-09-15
• 期刊: Ecosystems
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Ale;er J. Smith;er;Karen McGlathery;Yaping Chen;Carolyn J. Ewers Lewis;S. Doney;K. Gedan;Carly K. LaRoche;Peter Berg;Michael L. Pace;J. Zinnert;M. Kirwan
• 通讯作者: M. Kirwan

Modeling the mechanisms of conifer mortality under seawater exposure

模拟海水暴露下针叶树死亡的机制

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.19076
• 发表时间: 2023-06
• 期刊: New Phytologist
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Ding, Junyan;McDowell, Nate;Fang, Yilin;Ward, Nicholas;Kirwan, Matthew L.;Regier, Peter;Megonigal, Patrick;Zhang, Peipei;Zhang, Hongxia;Wang, Wenzhi;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Climate-driven decoupling of wetland and upland biomass trends on the mid-Atlantic coast

大西洋中部海岸气候驱动的湿地和高地生物量趋势脱钩

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-022-01041-x
• 发表时间: 2022-10
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Chen, Yaping;Kirwan, Matthew L.
• 通讯作者: Kirwan, Matthew L.