Collaborative Research: Evaluating the Influences of Aerosols on Low-level Cloud-precipitation Properties over Land and Ocean using Ground-based Observations and WRF Simulations

合作研究：利用地面观测和 WRF 模拟评估气溶胶对陆地和海洋低层云降水特性的影响

• 批准号: 1700728
• 负责人: Xiquan Dong
• 金额: $ 39.54万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1700728&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Evaluating; Influences; Aerosols

Aerosol generation resulting from natural and anthropogenic activities is expected to have considerable, far-reaching effects on cloud development and the hydrologic cycle. Though the aerosol direct effect can simply be thought of as a reduction of incoming solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface, the aerosol indirect effect (AIE) involves a complex set of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions. These indirect effects include the alteration of cloud microphysical properties such as cloud lifetime, droplet size distribution, liquid water content and path, optical depth, and albedo. Precipitation processes will certainly be affected in numerous and at times, detrimental ways. Hence, there is a major impact to society as a whole due to a heavy dependence on the distribution of available water over a given region for public consumption, agriculture, and industrial purposes.Intellectual Merit:This research adopts a synergistic approach that uses the long-term ground-based observations and retrievals from the Southern Great Plains of the United States and Eastern North Atlantic Ocean regions to investigate the seasonal and diurnal variations of aerosol and clouds under the continental and maritime conditions, as well as compare their similarities and differences. Air parcel trajectory modeling will be conducted to identify the sources of air masses for the selected cases to investigate the AIEs over these two regions with additional WRF simulations. This study is important because it will aid to improve aerosol and cloud parameterizations as well as provide an in-depth understanding of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions in typical maritime and continental conditions. The following three scientific questions (SQs) will be investigated.SQ1: What are the similarities and differences of aerosol-cloud properties, as well as their interactions over ocean and land? SQ2: What are the indirect effects of aerosols on cloud microphysical properties? SQ3: How does wind shear enhance turbulent mixing and stimulate drizzle formation?Broader Impacts:This research will benefit society by helping to provide better support for the modeling of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions which will aid in researching the long-term distribution of available water by clouds and precipitation processes. The far-reaching goal of this project is to further reduce uncertainties in the climate modeling community by providing better constraints for seasonal and regional aerosol and cloud properties. Moreover, there will be plenty of opportunities to introduce aerosol-cloud interactions as "real world" examples in undergraduate and graduate geoscience courses where the students can not only investigate these examples as interdisciplinary class projects, but also improve upon current research techniques and develop their own theses and dissertation areas of focus.

自然和人为活性导致的气溶胶产生预计将对云发展和水文循环产生相当大的影响。尽管气溶胶的直接效应可以简单地认为是到达地球表面的传入太阳辐射的降低，但气溶胶间接效应（AIE）涉及一组复杂的气溶胶 - 云云 - 凝结相互作用。这些间接影响包括改变云微物理特性，例如云寿命，液滴尺寸分布，液体水含量和路径，光学深度和反照率。降水过程肯定会受到许多有害的方式。因此，由于对特定地区的可用水分配，农业和工业目的的分配，对整个社会产生了重大影响。智能优点：这项研究采用了一种协同的方法，采用了一种协同的方法，该方法使用了长期的基于地面的观察，并从北部地区和东部地区的南部地区和东部地区进行了众多季节，并从事北部地区的大季节，并取回了众多季节性的季节。大陆和海上条件，并比较它们的相似性和差异。将进行空气包裹轨迹建模，以确定所选案例的空气质量来源，以通过其他WRF模拟在这两个区域上调查AIE。这项研究很重要，因为它将有助于改善气溶胶和云参数化，并在典型的海上和大陆条件下对气溶胶 - 云云至沉积相互作用提供深入的了解。以下三个科学问题（SQ）将进行研究。 SQ2：气溶胶对云微物理特性的间接影响是什么？ SQ3：风剪切如何增强湍流混合和刺激细雨的形成？更广泛的影响：这项研究将通过为Aerosol-Cloud-cloud-tecipitation相互作用的建模提供更好的支持，从而使社会受益，这将有助于研究云和降水过程的长期分布。该项目的深远目标是通过为季节性和区域气溶胶和云特性提供更​​好的限制，进一步减少气候建模社区中的不确定性。此外，将有很多机会引入Aerosol-Cloud互动作为本科和研究生地球科学课程中的“现实世界”示例，学生不仅可以将这些例子作为跨学科的课堂项目进行调查，而且还可以改善当前的研究技术，并发展自己的论文和解雇领域。

项目成果

Aerosol properties and their impacts on surface CCN at the ARM Southern Great Plains site during the 2011 Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment

• DOI: 10.1007/s00376-017-7033-2
• 发表时间: 2018-01
• 期刊: Advances in Atmospheric Sciences
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: T. Logan;Xiquan Dong;B. Xi

New Observational Constraints on Warm Rain Processes and Their Climate Implications

• DOI: 10.1029/2020gl091836
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Xiquan Dong;Peng Wu;Yuan Wang;B. Xi;Yiyi Huang

Vertical dependence of horizontal variation of cloud microphysics: observations from the ACE-ENA field campaign and implications for warm-rain simulation in climate models

云微物理水平变化的垂直依赖性：ACE-ENA 实地活动的观测结果及其对气候模型中暖雨模拟的影响

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-3103-2021
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Zhang, Zhibo;Song, Qianqian;Mechem, David B.;Larson, Vincent E.;Wang, Jian;Liu, Yangang;Witte, Mikael K.;Dong, Xiquan;Wu, Peng
• 通讯作者: Wu, Peng

Quantifying Long‐Term Seasonal and Regional Impacts of North American Fire Activity on Continental Boundary Layer Aerosols and Cloud Condensation Nuclei

• DOI: 10.1029/2020ea001113
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: Earth and Space Science
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: T. Logan;Xiquan Dong;B. Xi;Xiaojian Zheng;Yuanzu Wang;Peng Wu;Eleanor Marlow;James Maddux

Evaluation of autoconversion and accretion enhancement factors in general circulation model warm-rain parameterizations using ground-based measurements over the Azores

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-17405-2018
• 发表时间: 2018-12
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Peng Wu;B. Xi;Xiquan Dong;Zhibo Zhang