Workshop: Addressing the Nexus of Food, Energy and Water in the Context of Societal Challenges, Mar 1-3, 2017, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India

研讨会：在社会挑战的背景下解决食品、能源和水的关系，2017 年 3 月 1-3 日，印度科学研究所，印度班加罗尔

• 批准号: 1664375
• 负责人: Chittaranjan Ray
• 金额: $ 2.54万
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-01-15 至 2018-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1664375&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Workshop; Addressing; Nexus; Food; Energy

1664375RayFood security is civilization's next critical challenge, as the current world population of seven billion is projected to increase to more than nine billion by 2050. The United States (US) will face pressure to produce more food and feed for export, straining its energy and water resources and impacting ecosystem services. This three-day workshop will bring together experts from the fields of agronomy, agricultural economics and trade policy, water resources science/engineering, atmospheric sciences, and natural resource management to further investigate the issues and to develop new recommendations in the context of sustainability and water productivity. The workshop will be held in Bangalore, India (at the campus of the Indian Institute of Science), March 1 - 3, 2017.Intensity of agriculture, excess pumping, and climatic (rainfall) shifts are straining many regional aquifer systems in the US and around the world. This workshop will address the pressing questions of how to better balance demands on these aquifers under the current pumping stresses, and help identify the cropping management systems that will be necessary to cope with future climatic shifts. The collaboration will enable US and Indian researchers to share research and expertise aimed at solving the challenges of producing more food with less water and energy, while protecting the quality of scarce freshwater resources for human consumption and ecosystem services. The researchers will benefit from receiving international science perspectives as well as socio-economics perspectives at the nexus of food-energy-water. The outcomes of the workshop will advance national discussion about innovations at the nexus of food-energy-water, for which NSF has committed significant investments. The main goal of the proposed workshop is to address societal challenges in feeding humanity in the coming century and how the nexus between food, water and energy can be exploited to address sustainability challenges. Although these challenges are different in India and United States because of the scale of mechanization, resources availability, and other factors, the workshop will address differences and similarities in these challenges to develop mutually beneficial solutions. The specific objectives of the workshop include: 1. Identify innovative methods to improve water and energy use efficiency in the context of the nexus in both Indian and US settings, 2. Understand how the nexus concept in the food, energy and water systems can be a driver in economic and social decision making. To address food security issues, researchers have started to estimate current yield gaps, which represent the difference between current yield and the maximum yield that can be obtained under optimum management conditions. Efforts are underway to develop a yield gap analysis on a global scale to delineate areas where there is potential to increase crop yields. In order to analyze the sustainability of enhanced production of food crops (whether in the U.S. or elsewhere in the world) one needs to do the following in a step-wise manner: (1) analyze the yield gap for a given crop or suite of crops through crop modeling with optimal management scenarios and selection of proper crop hybrids; (2) for various scenarios in yield gap, estimate the water and nutrient fluxes leaving the root zone; (3) using appropriate numerical models, estimate the groundwater level changes, stream depletion, and changes in water quality in the aquifer based on the pumping needs and return fluxes of water and nutrients; and, (4) simulate optimal power use for irrigation systems. This workshop will lead to development of realistic and transferable management scenarios, tools and technologies to address societal challenges in food, energy and water security. Graduate students and postdocs as well as researchers that are in early stages of their careers will be encouraged to participate. The proceedings from the workshop will be published in electronic form, and widely shared by the Nebraska Water Center with potential stakeholders through newsletters, press releases and two annual sponsored faculty retreats.

1664375Ray粮食安全是文明面临的下一个重大挑战，因为预计到 2050 年，目前世界人口为 70 亿，将增加到 90 亿以上。美国 (US) 将面临生产更多粮食和饲料用于出口的压力，从而使其能源和饲料紧张。水资源和影响生态系统服务。这个为期三天的研讨会将汇集农学、农业经济和贸易政策、水资源科学/工程、大气科学和自然资源管理领域的专家，进一步研究这些问题，并在可持续发展和可持续发展的背景下提出新的建议。水生产力。该研讨会将于 2017 年 3 月 1 日至 3 日在印度班加罗尔（印度科学研究所校园）举行。农业强度、过度抽水和气候（降雨）变化正在给美国许多区域含水层系统带来压力以及世界各地。本次研讨会将解决如何在当前抽水压力下更好地平衡对这些含水层的需求的紧迫问题，并帮助确定应对未来气候变化所需的种植管理系统。此次合作将使美国和印度的研究人员能够分享研究和专业知识，旨在解决用更少的水和能源生产更多粮食的挑战，同时保护人类消费和生态系统服务的稀缺淡水资源的质量。研究人员将从国际科学观点以及食品-能源-水关系的社会经济学观点中受益。研讨会的成果将推动全国范围内关于食品-能源-水关系创新的讨论，美国国家科学基金会已为此投入了大量资金。拟议研讨会的主要目标是解决下个世纪养活人类的社会挑战，以及如何利用食物、水和能源之间的联系来应对可持续发展挑战。尽管由于机械化规模、资源可用性和其他因素，印度和美国面临的这些挑战有所不同，但研讨会将解决这些挑战的差异和相似之处，以制定互利的解决方案。研讨会的具体目标包括： 1. 在印度和美国的背景下确定提高水和能源利用效率的创新方法， 2. 了解如何在食品、能源和水系统中体现联系概念经济和社会决策的驱动力。为了解决粮食安全问题，研究人员已开始估算当前产量差距，即当前产量与最佳管理条件下可获得的最大产量之间的差异。目前正在努力开展全球范围内的产量差距分析，以划定有潜力提高作物产量的地区。为了分析粮食作物增产的可持续性（无论是在美国还是世界其他地方），需要逐步执行以下操作：（1）分析一种特定作物或一组作物的产量差距通过具有最佳管理方案的作物建模和选择适当的作物杂交种来分析作物； (2) 对于产量差距的各种情景，估计离开根区的水和养分通量； (3) 使用适当的数值模型，根据抽水需求以及水和养分的回流通量来估计地下水位变化、河流枯竭以及含水层水质的变化； (4) 模拟灌溉系统的最佳电力使用。该研讨会将开发现实且可转移的管理方案、工具和技术，以应对粮食、能源和水安全方面的社会挑战。我们将鼓励研究生、博士后以及处于职业生涯早期阶段的研究人员参与。研讨会的会议记录将以电子形式发布，并由内布拉斯加州水中心通过时事通讯、新闻稿和两次年度赞助的教师务虚会与潜在利益相关者广泛分享。