Collaborative Research: Scaling of Unsteady Locomotor Performance and Maneuverability

合作研究：不稳定运动性能和可操作性的扩展

基本信息

批准号：
1656691
负责人：
Jeremy Goldbogen
金额：
$ 27.78万
依托单位：
Stanford University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-05-15 至 2020-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1656691&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Scaling Unsteady Locomotor

项目摘要

Whales, the largest animals, must be able to maneuver in their aquatic environment to capture prey, avoid predators, navigate complex environments, and compete for mates. The ability to maneuver (e.g., accelerate, turn quickly and tightly) generally decreases as mass increases, suggesting there is an upper size limit for maneuvering aquatic animals. This study will evaluate the size dependence of maneuverability of the largest animals in the ocean, rorqual whales, performing natural behaviors in the wild. Custom-designed removable sensors placed on the bodies of free-ranging whales will record their movement while aerial drones with specialized cameras will measure the size and shape of the whales and their appendages (i.e., flippers, flukes) at the surface of the water. By combining these data with mathematical modeling of hydrodynamic forces, different sized whale species can be compared to determine mechanical constraints imposed by size as a driving force in the ecology and evolution of the world?s largest predators. This project will include the training of graduate students and postdoctoral scholars in interdisciplinary research that integrates engineering and physics with biology. Further, the results may provide insights into the biomimetic design of autonomous underwater vehicles with enhanced maneuvering performance. Movement is a fundamental aspect of animal life. Quantifying the fine-scale movement of individuals has important consequences for understanding physiological, ecological, and evolutionary processes. Maneuvering capacity is also critically important as it governs an animal's ability to capture prey, avoid predators and obstacles, inhabit complex environments, and compete for mates. Investigations into how animals maneuver in aquatic environments remains poorly understood, particularly for large animals at the extreme of animal body mass. This proposal develops a bio-logging and remote sensing approach, with computational modeling, to analyze the kinematics and maneuverability of free-ranging rorqual whales (Balaenopteridae) ranging in body mass by an order of magnitude. Swimming performance (i.e., acceleration: change in swimming velocity; agility: rate of turning; maneuverability: turning radius) will decrease as body size increases across rorqual species and that these mechanical constraints imposed by morphology size will be evident as a driving force in the ecology and evolution of the world's largest predators. Custom engineered multi-sensor animal-borne tags and Fluid Lensing cameras attached to aerial drones will be used to analyze the kinematics and morphology of rorquals in the open ocean. This approach enables us to quantify the high-resolution kinematics of rorquals engaged in natural maneuvers while simultaneously quantifying the morphological dimensions of tagged animal, including control and propulsion surfaces. By combining these data with modeling where hydrodynamic forces can be calculated via Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and trajectories

鲸鱼是最大的动物，必须能够在其水生环境中操纵，以捕获猎物，避免捕食者，驾驭复杂的环境并竞争伴侣。操纵能力（例如，加速，快速而紧密）通常会随着质量增加而降低，这表明操纵水生动物的尺寸限制有上限。这项研究将评估海洋中最大动物的可操作性的大小依赖性，即野鲸，在野外进行自然行为。定制设计的可移动传感器放置在自由放置鲸鱼的体内将记录其运动，而具有专门摄像机的空中无人机将测量鲸鱼的大小和形状及其附属物的大小和形状（即，烟草，荧光素）在水面。通过将这些数据与流体动力的数学建模相结合，可以比较不同尺寸的鲸鱼物种，以确定由大小作为世界最大捕食者的生态和进化中的驱动力施加的机械约束。该项目将包括对跨学科研究的研究生和博士后学者的培训，该研究将工程和物理学与生物学相结合。此外，结果可能会提供对具有增强性能的自动水下车辆的仿生设计的见解。运动是动物生活的一个基本方面。量化个体的精细运动对理解生理，生态和进化过程具有重要的后果。机动能力也非常重要，因为它控制着动物捕获猎物，避免捕食者和障碍，居住在复杂环境并争夺伴侣的能力。研究动物如何在水生环境中操纵的研究仍然很少了解，特别是对于动物体重极端的大型动物。该提案通过计算建模开发了一种生物遗传和遥感方法，以分析自由放置的Rorqual鲸鱼（Balaenopteridae）的运动学和可操作性，其体重的范围是一个巨大的顺序。游泳性能（即加速度：游泳速度的变化；敏捷性：转弯速率；可操作性：转弯半径）随着rorqual物种的体型增加而降低，并且形态大小所施加的机械约束将在世界上最大的掠夺者的生态学和进化中显然是一种驱动力。定制工程的多传感器动物传播标签和附着在空中无人机上的流体镜头摄像头将用于分析开海中rorquals的运动学和形态。这种方法使我们能够量化从事自然动作的rorquals的高分辨率运动学，同时量化标记动物的形态学维度，包括控制和推进表面。通过将这些数据与建模相结合，可以通过计算流体动力学（CFD）和轨迹计算流体动力

项目成果

期刊论文数量（15）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

How Baleen Whales Feed: The Biomechanics of Engulfment and Filtration

DOI：
10.1146/annurev-marine-122414-033905
发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL 9
影响因子：
0
作者：
Goldbogen, J. A.;Cade, D. E.;Werth, A. J.
通讯作者：
Werth, A. J.

Predator-informed looming stimulus experiments reveal how large filter feeding whales capture highly maneuverable forage fish

DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1911099116
发表时间：
2020-01-07
期刊：
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Cade, David E.;Carey, Nicholas;Goldbogen, Jeremy A.
通讯作者：
Goldbogen, Jeremy A.

Energetic and Physical limitations on the breaching performance of large whales