Collaborative LTREB: Acidification in lowland Neotropical streams: building on a 25-year study of groundwater-surface water interactions

LTREB 合作：低地新热带溪流的酸化：基于 25 年地下水与地表水相互作用的研究

• 批准号: 1655869
• 负责人: Marcelo Ardon-Sayao
• 金额: $ 14.97万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-01 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1655869&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; LTREB; Acidification; lowland; Neotropical

Long-term studies in tropical streams in Costa Rica have documented the occurrence of rainfall-driven acidification events in lowland streams. Acidification events are short periods of time, from a few days to weeks, when the stream water becomes moderately acidic. These events result from the breakdown of forest organic material releasing carbon dioxide that moves with the water into streams, creating acid conditions in streams. Changes in acidification can affect the way streams function and their biodiversity. Research in lowland streams in Costa Rica suggest that stream invertebrates and algae, can withstand moderately acid conditions, but are negatively affected when acid conditions are extreme. This project investigates how periodic acidification affect streams in lowland Costa Rica. The research will take place at La Selva Biological Station, on the Caribbean slope of Costa Rica, where streams have been under study for more than 25 years. The main objective of this work is to understand the mechanisms and consequences of changing precipitation patterns on the acidity, biology and ecosystem functions of tropical streams. Acidification is a common phenomenon in streams wordwide, thus it is important to understand it in order to protect and sustain stream ecosystems. The research (1) will contribute to understanding how changing patterns of rainfall affect stream biodiversity and ecosystem function, (2) provide research training for graduate and undergraduate students, and (3) provide environmental outreach through a citizen science project using the iNaturalist mobile device application. The study will further ongoing long-term research on the consequences of changing patterns of precipitation on lowland tropical streams in Costa Rica. Ongoing LTREB research described the occurrence of episodic acidification events. It was hypothesized that an influx of soil-derived CO2 via subsurface flow paths contributes to those pH declines, signaling a tight coupling among rainfall, terrestrial, and aquatic ecosystems. Precipitation-driven acidification events are stronger and more common in solute-poor, poorly-buffered, streams than in solute-rich, well-buffered, streams - a characteristic of the study landscape. This project will evaluate and further develop this hypothesis by (1) assessing the relation among daily, seasonal, annual, and decadal patterns in stream water chemistry with major climate events (e.g., El Niño and La Niña - ENSO), by (2) assessing biotic responses to climate-driven acidification, and by (3) experimentally buffering a low-solute stream against acidification related to ENSO events. Climate trends and global circulation models predict changes in the frequency and intensity of weather extremes. For Central America, models predict greater seasonality, similar to patterns observed during ENSO years. In the Caribbean lowlands of Costa Rica, El Niño events result in abnormally low precipitation during the dry season, while La Niña results is high precipitation. Thus, the project will advance our understanding the consequences of extreme weather events on tropical lowland stream ecosystems.

对哥斯达黎加热带溪流的长期研究记录了低地溪流中降雨驱动的酸化事件的发生，酸化事件是短暂的，从几天到几周，当溪流的水变成中等酸性时，就会发生这些事件。森林有机物质分解释放二氧化碳，随水流入溪流，在溪流中产生酸性条件，从而影响溪流的功能及其生物多样性。对哥斯达黎加低地溪流的研究表明，溪流中的无脊椎动物和生物多样性受到影响。藻类可以承受中等酸性条件，但在极端酸性条件下会受到负面影响 该项目研究周期性酸化如何影响哥斯达黎加低地的溪流 该研究将在哥斯达黎加加勒比海斜坡上的拉塞尔瓦生物站进行。这项工作的主要目的是了解降雨模式变化对热带溪流酸度、生物和生态系统功能的机制和影响，酸化是全世界溪流中的常见现象。因此，了解它对于保护和维持河流生态系统非常重要，该研究（1）将有助于了解降雨模式的变化如何影响河流生物多样性和生态系统功能，（2）为研究生和本科生提供研究培训。 (3) 通过使用 iNaturalist 移动设备应用程序的公民科学项目提供环境宣传 该研究将进一步开展关于哥斯达黎加低地热带溪流降水模式变化的后果的长期研究，该研究描述了哥斯达黎加低地热带溪流的影响。阵发性酸化事件。首创的观点是，来自土壤的二氧化碳通过地下流动路径流入，导致 pH 值下降，这表明降雨、陆地和水生生态系统之间的紧密耦合，在溶质贫乏、贫瘠的地区，降水驱动的酸化事件更强烈、更常见。缓冲的溪流比溶质丰富、缓冲良好的溪流要多——该研究景观的一个特征是，该项目将通过 (1) 评估日常、季节性、通过 (2) 评估生物对气候驱动的酸化的反应，以及 (3) 通过实验缓冲低溶质溪流，了解主要气候事件（例如厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜 - ENSO）中溪流水化学的年度和十年模式气候趋势和全球环流模型预测中美洲极端天气的频率和强度的变化，类似于在加勒比低地观测到的模式。在哥斯达黎加，厄尔尼诺事件导致旱季降水量异常偏低，而拉尼娜现象则导致降水量增加。因此，该项目将加深我们对极端天气事件对热带低地溪流生态系统影响的了解。

项目成果

Thinking like a consumer: Linking aquatic basal metabolism and consumer dynamics

像消费者一样思考：将水生基础代谢与消费者动态联系起来

• DOI: 10.1002/lol2.10172
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography Letters
• 影响因子: 7.8
• 作者: Rüegg, Janine;Conn, Caitlin C.;Anderson, Elizabeth P.;Battin, Tom J.;Bernhardt, Emily S.;Boix Canadell, Marta;Bonjour, Sophia M.;Hosen, Jacob D.;Marzolf, Nicholas S.;Yackulic, Charles B.
• 通讯作者: Yackulic, Charles B.

Ecosystem metabolism in tropical streams and rivers: a review and synthesis

热带溪流和河流的生态系统代谢：回顾与综合

• DOI: 10.1002/lno.11707
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Marzolf, Nicholas S.;Ardón, Marcelo
• 通讯作者: Ardón, Marcelo

Do experimental pH increases alter the structure and function of a lowland tropical stream?

• DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4097
• 发表时间: 2022-07-01
• 期刊: ECOSPHERE
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Marzolf，Nicholas S.;Baca，Dominic M.;Ardon，Marcelo
• 通讯作者: Ardon，Marcelo

Partitioning inorganic carbon fluxes from paired O2–CO2 gas measurements in a Neotropical headwater stream, Costa Rica

从哥斯达黎加新热带源头水流中成对的 O2-CO2 气体测量中划分无机碳通量

• DOI: 10.1007/s10533-022-00954-4
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Biogeochemistry
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Marzolf, Nicholas S.;Small, Gaston E.;Oviedo-Vargas, Diana;Ganong, Carissa N.;Duff, John H.;Ramírez, Alonso;Pringle, Catherine M.;Genereux, David P.;Ardón, Marcelo
• 通讯作者: Ardón, Marcelo