DMREF: Collaborative Research: Tackling Disorder and Ensemble Broadening in Materials Made of Semiconductor Nanostructures

DMREF：合作研究：解决半导体纳米结构材料中的无序和系综展宽

• 批准号: 1629601
• 负责人: Dmitri Talapin
• 金额: $ 33.33万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-10-01 至 2020-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1629601&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DMREF; Collaborative; Research; Tackling; Disorder

NON-TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: In modern science and technology, semiconducting materials play an enormous role in solid-state lighting, photovoltaics, light harvesting, and electronics. The work performed in this project will help unlock the full potential of nano-engineered semiconductors currently hidden by the effects of disorder. The proposed work will develop new experimental and theoretical techniques that eliminate negative effects due to non-uniform particle size and shape. The nanoscale semiconductors developed in this project will be used for color enhancement and energy efficiency improvement of television and electronic displays, light detectors, solar cells, and printable electronic circuits. The program will attract undergraduate and graduate students, and post-doctoral scholars who will be trained and prepared for academic and industrial careers. The PIs will also continue to integrate outreach into local programs, taking part in science club initiatives and demonstrations that focus on hands-on science experiences for public school students. The PIs will create and make publicly available a series of lecture notes for graduate students explaining computational stochastic methods to reduce the language barrier frequently experienced by quantum chemists working with this formalism. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: This research program will focus on the chemistry and physics of colloidal semiconducting nanoplatelets (NPLs), a novel class of quantum confined semiconductors combining beneficial aspects of the electronic structure of quantum wells and quantum dots. NPLs represent a promising platform to enter a new regime of modular materials, resonant couplings, and coherent transport phenomena. Experimental and theoretical efforts will build upon each other to achieve a fundamental understanding of optical and electronic phenomena, the role of electron-phonon coupling at the single NPL, formation of superradiant states, and charge and exciton transfer at the ensemble levels. New synthetic techniques will be developed to fabricate unprecedented NPL heterostructures. Accurate computational tools based on the notion of stochastic orbitals will be introduced to uncover the interplay between moderate and strong electron-hole correlation effects. Theoretical models will be benchmarked to the optical and electronic properties of NPLs measured by steady-state and transient techniques. Charge and exciton transport in assemblies of NPLs will be iteratively predicted and measured in order to gain a deep understanding of the emergent phenomena. The collaborative effort will provide means to develop new functional materials, uncover their properties, and reveal emergent behavior in the regime of strong electronic coupling. Beyond NPLs, the anticipated development of synthetic methods, optical techniques, and large-scale developed computational tools will impact broad areas of nanomaterials (graphene, nanoribbons) where strong correlation-induced confinement governs emergent electronic properties.

非技术描述：在现代科学技术中，半导体材料在固态照明、光伏、光收集和电子领域发挥着巨大作用。该项目中进行的工作将有助于释放目前因无序影响而隐藏的纳米工程半导体的全部潜力。拟议的工作将开发新的实验和理论技术，消除由于颗粒尺寸和形状不均匀造成的负面影响。该项目开发的纳米级半导体将用于电视和电子显示器、光探测器、太阳能电池和可印刷电子电路的色彩增强和能效提高。该计划将吸引本科生、研究生以及博士后学者，他们将接受培训并为学术和工业职业生涯做好准备。 PI 还将继续将外展活动纳入当地计划，参加科学俱乐部的倡议和演示，重点是为公立学校学生提供实践科学体验。 PI 将为研究生创建并公开一系列讲义，解释计算随机方法，以减少使用这种形式主义的量子化学家经常遇到的语言障碍。技术描述：该研究计划将重点关注胶体半导体纳米片（NPL）的化学和物理学，这是一种新型的量子限制半导体，结合了量子阱和量子点电子结构的有益方面。 NPL 代表了一个有前途的平台，可以进入模块化材料、共振耦合和相干传输现象的新领域。实验和理论工作将相互基础，以实现对光学和电子现象、电子声子耦合在单一 NPL 中的作用、超辐射态的形成以及系综能级上的电荷和激子转移的基本理解。将开发新的合成技术来制造前所未有的 NPL 异质结构。将引入基于随机轨道概念的精确计算工具，以揭示中度和强电子空穴相关效应之间的相互作用。理论模型将以稳态和瞬态技术测量的 NPL 的光学和电子特性为基准。 NPL 组件中的电荷和激子传输将被迭代预测和测量，以便深入了解出现的现象。这项合作将提供开发新功能材料、揭示其特性并揭示强电子耦合状态下的新兴行为的方法。除了 NPL 之外，合成方法、光学技术和大规模开发的计算工具的预期发展将影响纳米材料（石墨烯、纳米带）的广泛领域，其中强相关诱导的限制控制着新兴的电子特性。