Heterogeneous Chemistry and Photochemistry in the Troposphere: Reactions of Mineral Dust and Other Metal-Containing Particle Surfaces at the Gas-Solid and Liquid-Solid Interface

对流层中的非均相化学和光化学：矿尘和其他含金属颗粒表面在气-固和液-固界面的反应

• 批准号: 1639757
• 负责人: Vicki Grassian
• 金额: $ 11.45万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1639757&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Heterogeneous; Chemistry; Photochemistry; Troposphere; Reactions

The Environmental Chemical Sciences Program in the Chemistry Division at the National Science Foundation supports the research of Professor Vicki H. Grassian at the University Iowa that will focus on the chemistry and photochemistry of mineral dust and metal-containing particles with trace atmospheric gases at the gas-solid and liquid-solid interface. The chemistry that occurs on these surfaces can alter gas phase concentrations of key atmospheric constituents as well as significantly change the physicochemical properties of the particles. In the environment, these interfaces are present as both aerosol and stationary surfaces. In the proposed studies, reactions of atmospheric gases with components of mineral dust and metal-containing particles are investigated to better understand the chemistry of the troposphere and the impact that these reactions have on the environment. Several different aspects will be investigated and include the heterogeneous chemistry of organic acids with mineral dust particles, the heterogeneous chemistry of atmospheric gases on photoactive components of mineral dust aerosol and surface reactions of anthropogenic metal-containing oxide particles, which are components of atmospheric aerosol as well as stationary surfaces. These reactions take place under different regimes of water activity and, therefore, different phases of water including adsorbed water at the gas-solid interface and liquid water at the liquid-solid interface.The proposed activities focus on better understanding the fundamental chemistry that occurs at aerosol and stationary particle surfaces. Without these types of fundamental studies, there would be little information to incorporate into atmospheric and environmental model simulations and there would be little understanding of this potentially important reaction chemistry that may impact the environment. Besides broader impacts related to better understanding the natural and human-impacted environment, another important component of this research is in the educational and outreach activities that are proposed. These include training of undergraduate and graduate students. The PI has a research program that attracts a diverse group of students including many women and underrepresented minorities. Outreach activities include the development of hands-on activities for the broader public that spans K-12 students and their parents. The PI is leading efforts to expand and enhance the effectiveness of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) outreach and education in departments and centers within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at the University of Iowa.

国家科学基金会化学部的环境化学科学计划支持爱荷华大学的Vicki H. Grassian教授的研究，该研究将着重于矿物粉尘和含金属含量的化学和光化学，并在气体固醇和液体固体界面上具有微量大气气体。这些表面上发生的化学性质可以改变关键大气成分的气相浓度，并显着改变颗粒的理化特性。在环境中，这些界面既有气溶胶和固定表面。在拟议的研究中，研究了与矿物灰尘和含金属颗粒成分的大气气体的反应，以更好地了解对流层的化学性质以及这些反应对环境的影响。将研究几个不同的方面，包括具有矿物粉尘颗粒的有机酸的异质化学，大气中气体的异质化学在矿物粉尘气溶胶的光活性成分以及富含人为金属金属氧化物的表面反应上的异质化学，这是大气中的气溶胶以及机构架的大气中的成分。这些反应发生在不同的水活动方案下，因此，在液态固体界面处的液体固定界面和液态水，包括吸附水，包括吸附的水。拟议的活动集中于更好地理解在气溶胶和固定颗粒表面上发生的基本化学作用。没有这些类型的基本研究，将几乎没有信息可以纳入大气和环境模型模拟中，并且对可能影响环境的这种潜在重要的反应化学反应几乎没有理解。 除了更好地理解自然和人类影响环境有关的更广泛的影响外，这项研究的另一个重要组成部分是提出的教育和外展活动。其中包括对本科生和研究生的培训。 PI有一项研究计划，吸引了包括许多妇女和代表性不足的少数群体在内的各种学生。外展活动包括开发跨K-12学生及其父母的更广泛公众的动手活动。 PI正在领导着扩大和增强在爱荷华大学文科学院和科学学院内部和中心的STEM（科学，技术，工程和数学）的效果（科学，技术，工程和数学）的有效性。