Kinetics and Entanglement in Quantum Devices

量子器件中的动力学和纠缠

• 批准号: 1608238
• 负责人: Alex Kamenev
• 金额: $ 36.3万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1608238&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Kinetics; Entanglement; Quantum; Devices

NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports research and education on time-dependent phenomena in nanodevices, such as the transfer of heat and charge. Recent progress in information technology has greatly exceeded even the wildest dreams of science fiction writers of the sixties and the seventies. The cornerstone of this still unfolding revolution has been the exhaustive theoretical understanding of semiconductor materials. Based entirely on quantum mechanics, it has enabled technology to manufacture and pack billions of transistors per square centimeter. The next big frontier in this quest is building a quantum computer, which will enable calculation capacity infeasible in current classical devices. As before, the crucial step is in imagining, predicting, and eventually finding materials with the proper "quantum pedigree" that will be up to the task. Most experts agree that we already have a perfect candidate for the job, the so-called topological insulators. These novel compounds have unique electronic properties that make them ideal for the processing and storage of quantum information. The proposed activity will advance the theoretical understanding of these materials and expand on the ways they can be employed in quantum computation.The award will also support graduate students and a postdoctoral researcher, which will be trained in modern theoretical and computational techniques, and will have opportunities to visit and interact with experimentalists. The results of the research will be published in scientific journals, and will be presented in national and international conferences. The PI will co-organize a two-week summer school at the University of Minnesota, and a public lecture series in theoretical physics that is attended by more than 500 members of the Twin-Cities community.TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports research and education on nonequilibrium dynamics and entanglement propagation in quantum devices. Topological properties of electronic spectra, which play increasingly prominent role in these structures, lead to transitions between various topologically distinct phases. Disorder, inevitably present in any realistic device, qualitatively changes electron dynamics in the vicinity of such quantum phase transitions (QPT). The activity will focus on: (i) investigating heat and charge transfer in the vicinity of a topological QPT and developing concrete experimental setups that will be capable to probe such near-critical dynamics, (ii) investigating finite-size and dynamical scaling for various measures of quantum entanglement across a QPT, (iii) investigating hidden topological characteristics of quasicrystals, (iv) aiding and advancing experimental efforts in the search for neutral edge modes of fractional quantum Hall structures and in the characterization of superconducting nanowires, (v) advancing a theory of dissipative quantum tunneling in molecular magnets.The award will also support graduate students and a postdoctoral researcher, which will be trained in modern theoretical and computational techniques, and will have opportunities to visit and interact with experimentalists. The results of the research will be published in scientific journals, and will be presented in national and international conferences. The PI will co-organize a two-week summer school at the University of Minnesota, and a public lecture series in theoretical physics that is attended by more than 500 members of the Twin-Cities community.

非技术摘要该奖项支持纳米器件中与时间相关的现象（例如热和电荷的传递）的研究和教育。信息技术的最新进展甚至远远超出了六七十年代科幻作家最疯狂的梦想。这场仍在展开的革命的基石是对半导体材料的详尽理论理解。它完全基于量子力学，使技术能够在每平方厘米上制造和封装数十亿个晶体管。这一探索的下一个重大前沿是建造一台量子计算机，这将实现当前经典设备无法实现的计算能力。和以前一样，关键的一步是想象、预测并最终找到能够胜任这项任务的具有适当“量子谱系”的材料。大多数专家都认为，我们已经有了一个完美的候选者，即所谓的拓扑绝缘体。这些新型化合物具有独特的电子特性，使其成为量子信息处理和存储的理想选择。拟议的活动将增进对这些材料的理论理解，并扩展它们在量子计算中的应用方式。该奖项还将支持研究生和博士后研究员，他们将接受现代理论和计算技术的培训，并将拥有有机会参观实验人员并与实验人员互动。研究结果将发表在科学期刊上，并将在国内和国际会议上发表。 PI 将在明尼苏达大学共同组织为期两周的暑期学校，以及由双城社区 500 多名成员参加的理论物理学公开讲座系列。 技术摘要该奖项支持非平衡态的研究和教育量子器件中的动力学和纠缠传播。电子光谱的拓扑特性在这些结构中发挥着越来越重要的作用，导致各种拓扑不同相之间的转变。无序在任何现实设备中都不可避免地存在，它会定性地改变这种量子相变（QPT）附近的电子动力学。 该活动将重点关注：(i) 研究拓扑 QPT 附近的热和电荷传递，并开发能够探测此类近临界动力学的具体实验装置，(ii) 研究各种情况的有限尺寸和动态缩放跨 QPT 的量子纠缠测量，(iii) 研究准晶体隐藏的拓扑特性，(iv) 帮助和推进寻找分数量子霍尔结构的中性边缘模式和超导表征的实验工作纳米线，（v）推进分子磁体耗散量子隧道理论。该奖项还将支持研究生和博士后研究员，他们将接受现代理论和计算技术的培训，并将有机会参观实验人员并与实验人员互动。研究结果将发表在科学期刊上，并将在国内和国际会议上发表。 PI 将在明尼苏达大学共同组织为期两周的暑期学校，以及由双城社区 500 多名成员参加的理论物理学公开讲座系列。