NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2016

2016 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金

• 批准号: 1611692
• 负责人: Graziella DiRenzo
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: DiRenzo Graziella V
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1611692&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; FY

Postdoctoral Fellow: Graziella V. DiRenzoProposal number: 1611692This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2016, Broadening Participation of Groups Under-represented in Biology. The fellowship supports a research and training plan that will increase the participation of groups underrepresented in biology. The title of the research plan for this fellowship to Graziella V. DiRenzo is 'Who got you sick? Protecting amphibians by examining disease dynamics within- and among- hosts.' The host institution for this fellowship is University of California, Santa Barbara, and the sponsoring scientist is Dr. Cherie Briggs. The goal of this research is to test well-established community ecology theory under the framework of disease ecology, in order to understand how within-host processes affect among-host disease dynamics. The number of emerging pathogens threatening animal, plant, and ecosystem health is rapidly escalating, jeopardizing food security and the economy. Pathogen co-infections, where a single host is infected by multiple pathogens, are common but understudied in the wild, creating a large disparity between ongoing disease ecology research and a realistic host-pathogen community-based approach. The Fellow is examining (1) how pathogen infection order affects pathogen interactions within a host and (2) the consequences of within-host pathogen interactions to pathogen transmission rates. The Fellow's research integrates the urgency in understanding co-infection disease dynamics and amphibian population declines. The decline and extinction of over 500 amphibian species has been linked to disease-causing pathogens, including Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis [Bd], ranavirus, and Ribeiroia ondatrae [Rib]. The Fellow is experimentally infecting three common, temperate amphibian species, implicated as being pathogen reservoirs, with the three most common amphibian pathogens (Bd, ranavirus, and Rib). She is varying the order of pathogen infections and examining how this order affects pathogen interactions (i.e., whether the effect is facilitative, neutral, or antagonistic). Then, using the same individuals, with known pathogen infection histories, the Fellow is pairing each infected host with a naïve host to determine if within-host pathogen interactions favor more or less virulent pathogenic strains that are transmitted more or less rapidly. Thus the Fellow's research contributes to understanding (1) pathogen population dynamics within hosts, (2) if pathogen infection order matters, and (3) how pathogen virulence may change as a result of co-infection. To help promote education on amphibians and coinfection research, the Fellow is (1) training and mentoring several undergraduate minority students, (2) developing an annual public workshop at Protected Areas (i.e., National Parks and Forests) to bring awareness to tourists that may be spreading infectious pathogens across parks, (3) creating 'preventing pathogen spread kits' containing specific action items for tourists to minimize pathogen spread, (4) compiling an online disease database synthesizing infections of wild amphibians by species (i.e., geographic range of infected hosts, localities tested, and infection intensities) for conservation managers and policy decision makers, and (5) providing recommendations to national amphibian conservation management plans using her research results. As a Latina, the Fellow has a strong commitment to providing research opportunities to minorities, thereby serving as a role model for women, minorities, and first generation college students.

博士后研究员：Graziella V. Direnzopososal编号：1611692 THIS ACTION资助NSF博士后研究奖学金2016财年生物学，扩大了在生物学中代表性不足的团体的参与。奖学金支持一项研究和培训计划，该计划将增加生物学中代表性不足的群体的参与。 Graziella V. Direnzo的研究计划的标题是“谁让您生病？通过检查宿主内部和宿主中的疾病动态来保护两栖动物。”该奖学金的主办机构是加利福尼亚大学圣塔芭芭拉分校，赞助科学家是Cherie Briggs博士。这项研究的目的是在疾病生态的框架下检验良好的社区生态学理论，以了解宿主内部过程如何影响宿主疾病动态。威胁动物，植物和生态系统健康的新兴病原体的数量正在迅速升级，危害粮食安全和经济。病原体共感染，其中一个宿主被多种病原体感染，但在野外很常见，在持续的疾病生态学研究与现实的宿主养蜂原子社区方法之间造成了巨大差异。研究员正在研究（1）病原体感染顺序如何影响宿主内的病原体相互作用，以及（2）宿主内病原体相互作用与病原体传播率的后果。该研究员的研究融合了了解共同感染疾病动态的紧迫性，两栖动物人群下降。超过500种两栖动物的下降和扩展与引起疾病的病原体有关，包括batrachochochytrium dendrobatidis [BD]，Ranavirus和Ribeiroia onDatrae [肋骨]。该研究员在实验中感染了三种常见的两栖动物，含义为病原体储层，其中三种最常见的两栖病原体（BD，Ranavirus和肋骨）。她正在改变病原体感染的顺序，并检查该顺序如何影响病原体相互作用（即效果是友好，中性还是拮抗作用）。然后，使用具有已知病原体感染史的同一个个体，该研究员将每个受感染的宿主与幼稚的宿主配对，以确定宿主内病原体相互作用是否有利于或多或少有毒性的致病性菌株或多或少地传播。同伴的研究有助于理解（1）宿主内的病原体种群动态，（2）如果病原体感染顺序很重要，以及（3）病原病毒因共感染而可能如何变化。为了帮助促进有关两栖动物和共同感染研究的教育，（1）培训和心理培训和心理少数少数群体学生，（2）在保护区（即国家公园和森林）开设年度公共研讨会（即国家公园和森林），以使游客向游客带来意识，这些游客可能会在公园中散布特定的病原体，以防止特定的病原体，（3）竞争者（3）竞争者（3）竞争者（3），（3）竞争者（3）一个在线疾病数据库综合野生两栖动物的感染（即，为保护经理和政策决策者的物种（即受感染宿主的地理范围，经过测试的地方和感染强度），以及（5）使用她的研究结果向国家两栖动物保护管理计划提供建议。作为拉丁裔，该研究员对为少数民族提供研究机会有坚定的承诺，从而成为女性，少数民族和第一代大学生的榜样。