INFEWS N/P/H2O (SusChEM): Understanding structure and organization of receptors at water interfaces for discovery of phosphate recognition design principles

INFEWS N/P/H2O (SusChEM)：了解水界面受体的结构和组织，以发现磷酸盐识别设计原理

基本信息

批准号：
1609672
负责人：
Amar Flood
金额：
$ 60万
依托单位：
Indiana University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-01 至 2020-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1609672&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
INFEWS H2O SusChEM Understanding structure

项目摘要

In this project funded by the Macromolecular, Supramolecular and Nanochemistry Program in the Division of Chemistry, Professor Amar Flood of the Department of Chemistry at Indiana University and Professor Heather Allen at the Ohio State University are developing an understanding of how to bind phosphate selectively in water. Phosphorous is a non-renewable resource and a critical nutrient for enhancing crop yields to help feed the growing population of the planet. However, a significant amount of the phosphorous that is added as phosphate to agricultural fields is lost as run-off into streams and rivers. The resulting buildup of phosphate in natural waterways helps fuel algal blooms that kill off all other aquatic life, can lead to toxins in the municipal water supplies and, when in the oceans, leads to toxic seafood. For these reasons it is important to develop new chemistries for recovering phosphate dissolved in water. This project also involves the education of undergraduate and graduate students through interdisciplinary research training, the development of "Grand Challenge" lectures on closing the human phosphorous cycle, and the design of a new general chemistry course series.Professors Flood and Allen aim to understand and discover the factors controlling the recognition of phosphate by making use of synthetic receptors organized in monolayers at water interfaces. These interfaces create potent environments with dielectric constants much below bulk water offering the potential to substantially enhance affinities, yet such interfaces are poorly understood. Such interfaces also serve as fundamental models for the sequestration materials needed to help close the human phosphorus cycle. This collaborative effort involves the synthesis of a series of receptors, the determination of the affinity and selectivity of phosphate binding to the receptors when they are organized at air-water interfaces, and spectroscopic studies to ascertain the geometries of the resulting phosphate-bound complexes.

在该项目中由印第安纳大学化学系的大分子，超分子和纳米化学计划资助，印第安纳大学化学系的阿马尔洪水和俄亥俄州立大学的希瑟·艾伦教授正在发展对如何在水中选择性地结合磷酸盐的理解。磷是一种不可再生的资源，也是提高农作物产量的关键营养素，可帮助养活地球上不断增长的人群。但是，随着流入溪流和河流的径流，将大量作为农田磷酸盐添加的磷。自然水道中磷酸盐的堆积有助于燃料藻类开花，从而杀死所有其他水生生物，可能导致市政水供应中的毒素，并且在海洋中导致有毒的海鲜。由于这些原因，重要的是开发新的化学物质以恢复溶解在水中的磷酸盐。该项目还涉及通过跨学科研究培训的本科和研究生的教育，开发有关关闭人类磷循环的“大挑战”演讲以及新的通用化学课程系列的设计。专业化学课程洪水泛滥和艾伦的旨在了解和发现通过在合成受体中使用合成受体的人互动的因素来控制磷酸盐的识别因素。这些界面创造了有效的环境，其介电常数低于散装水，从而提供了实质上增强亲和力的潜力，但对这些接口的了解很少。这些接口还可以作为有助于关闭人类磷周期所需的封存材料的基本模型。这种协作努力涉及一系列受体的合成，确定磷酸盐在空气水接口处组织的磷酸盐与受体结合的选择性以及光谱研究以确定所得磷酸盐结合复合物的几何形状。