The Impact of the Stratosphere on Arctic Climate

平流层对北极气候的影响

• 批准号: 1603350
• 负责人: Karen Smith
• 金额: $ 60.08万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-15 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1603350&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Impact; Stratosphere; Arctic; Climate

The Arctic surface climate has warmed dramatically over the past several decades. This warming, known as Arctic amplification, is associated, most notably, with extensive loss of sea ice. The Arctic stratosphere has also been experiencing change, including significant stratospheric ozone depletion. There is increasing evidence that polar stratospheric variability and change can have a significant downward impact on the surface climate. The proposed research will examine the connection between stratospheric circulation and chemistry and past and future changes in the surface climate of the Arctic region. Understanding the coupling between the stratosphere and the surface in the Arctic region has potentially important implications for sea ice and weather forecasting. In addition, the proposed research will lead to an improved understanding of the local and remote processes that will determine Arctic stratospheric and tropospheric ozone concentrations in the future. This is important because (a) stratospheric ozone protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation and (b) tropospheric ozone is a toxic pollutant, which may have potential negative impacts on air quality and vegetation in the region.This project will contribute to STEM workforce development in two ways. The principal investigator is a beginning investigator and this project will provide her support during the formative years of her career. The project will also provide support for the training of a graduate student. The anticipated science results have the potential to contribute to improve short-range forecast of sea ice and weather. The project will enhance collaboration between NCAR and Columbia University. Outreach to high school students will be enabled through leveraging of programs at the American Museum of Natural History and in the Inuit village of Arviat. Finally, research results will be shared with local K-12 teachers through an ongoing program sponsored by the principal investigator?s home institution.The proposed research will be carried out by employing both observationally-based data products and global climate model integrations to address the question of whether stratospheric circulation and chemistry has a downward influence of the Arctic surface climate, particularly sea ice, on seasonal, interannual and multi-decadal time scales. From a modeling perspective, the approach outlined in the proposal will be to employ the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM), with three different configurations that will allow examination of the interplay between dynamics and chemistry: (i) the standard WACCM with interactive stratospheric chemistry, (ii) the specified-chemistry version of WACCM (SC-WACCM) and (iii) the new fully coupled WACCM-TSMLT with tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry.

在过去的几十年中，北极地面气候急剧变暖。这种变暖被称为北极扩增，最值得注意的是，海冰丧失。 北极平流层也一直在经历变化，包括大量的平流层臭氧耗竭。 有越来越多的证据表明，极地平流层变异性和变化可能会对地表气候产生显着的向下影响。 拟议的研究将研究平流层循环与化学之间的联系以及北极区域表面气候的过去和未来变化。 了解平流层和北极区域表面之间的耦合对海冰和天气预测具有潜在的重要意义。 此外，拟议的研究将使人们对局部和远程过程有了改进的了解，这些过程将来将来决定了北极平流层和对流层臭氧的浓度。 这很重要，因为（a）平流层臭氧可以保护地球免受有害的紫外线辐射的侵害，并且（b）对流层臭氧是一种有毒污染物，它可能对该地区的空气质量和植被产生潜在的负面影响。该项目将在两种方面有助于茎劳动力的发展。 首席调查员是一名初学者调查员，该项目将在职业生涯的成长年代提供支持。 该项目还将为培训研究生提供支持。 预期的科学结果有可能为改善海冰和天气的短期预测做出贡献。 该项目将增强NCAR与哥伦比亚大学之间的合作。 通过在美国自然历史博物馆和因纽特人村Arviat的计划中，将启用与高中生的宣传。 Finally, research results will be shared with local K-12 teachers through an ongoing program sponsored by the principal investigator?s home institution.The proposed research will be carried out by employing both observationally-based data products and global climate model integrations to address the question of whether stratospheric circulation and chemistry has a downward influence of the Arctic surface climate, particularly sea ice, on seasonal, interannual and multi-decadal time scales. From a modeling perspective, the approach outlined in the proposal will be to employ the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM), with three different configurations that will allow examination of the interplay between dynamics and chemistry: (i) the standard WACCM with interactive stratospheric chemistry, (ii) the specified-chemistry version of WACCM (SC-WACCM) and (iii) the new fully coupled WACCM-TSMLT具有对流层和平流层化学。