Collaborative Research: THE MCMURDO DRY VALLEYS: A landscape on the Threshold of Change

合作研究：麦克默多干谷：变革门槛上的景观

• 批准号: 1601000
• 负责人: Michael Gooseff
• 金额: $ 5.91万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-11-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1601000&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; MCMURDO; DRY; VALLEYS

Collaborative Research: THE MCMURDO DRY VALLEYS: A Landscape on the Threshold of Change is supported by the Antarctic Integrated System Science (AISS) program in the Antarctic Sciences Section of the Division of Polar Programs within the Geosciences Directorate of the National Sciences Foundation (NSF). The funds will support the collection of state-of-the-art high resolution LIDAR (combining the terms light and radar) imagery of the Dry Valleys of Antarctica in the 2014/2015 Antarctic field season, with LIDAR data collection and processing being provided by the NSF-supported NCALM (National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping) facility. LIDAR images collected in 2014/2015 will be compared to images from 2001 in order to detect decadal change. Additional fieldwork will look at the distribution of buried massive ice, and the impacts that major changes like slumping are having on the biota. All field data will be used to improve models on energy balance, and hydrology.Intellectual Merit: There have been dramatic changes over the past decade in the McMurdo Dry Valleys: glaciers are deflating by tens of meters, rivers are incising by more than three meters, and thermokarst slumps are appearing near several streams and lakes. These observations have all been made by researchers in the field, but none of the changes have been mapped on a valley-wide scale. This award will provide a new baseline map for the entire Dry Valley system, with high-resolution imagery provided for the valley floors, and lower resolution imagery available for the higher elevation areas that are undergoing less change. The project will test the idea that sediment-covered ice is associated with the most dramatic changes, due to differential impacts of the increased solar radiation on sediment-covered compared to clean ice, and despite the current trend of slightly cooling air temperatures within the Dry Valleys. Information collected on the topography, coupled with the GPR determined buried ice distributions, will also be incorporated into improved energy and hydrological models. In addition to providing the new high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), the project will ultimately result in identification of areas that are susceptible to sediment-enhanced melt-driven change, providing a powerful prediction tool for the impacts of climate change.Broader Impacts: The new DEM will be immediately useful to a wide range of disciplines, and will provide a comprehensive new baseline against which future changes will be compared. The project will provide a tool for the whole community to use, and the investigators will work with the community to make them aware of the new assets via public presentations, and perhaps via a workshop. The map will have international interest, and will also serve as a tool for environmental managers to draw on as they consider conservation plans. Several undergraduate and graduate students will participate in the project, and one of the co-PIs is a new investigator. The imagery collected is expected to be of interest to the general public in addition to scientific researchers, and venues for outreach such as museum exhibits and the internet will be explored. The proposed work is synergistic with 1) the co-located McMurdo LTER program, and 2) the NCALM facility that is also funded by the Geosciences Directorate.

合作研究：McMurdo Dry Valleys：变革门槛的景观得到了国家科学基金会地球科学局（NSF）地球科学局（NSF）中极地计划部的南极综合系统科学（AISS）计划的支持。 这些资金将支持最先进的高分辨率激光雷达（结合术语和雷达）在2014/2015南极野外季节中的干山谷的图像，并由NSF支持的NCALMPORPTRED NCPPROTERD NCPPORTED NCPPORTED NCPPORTED DATA和处理。将在2014/2015年收集的激光雷达图像与2001年的图像进行比较，以检测衰老的变化。额外的现场工作将考虑埋藏的巨大冰的分布，以及像蓬勃发展这样的重大变化对生物群的影响。所有现场数据都将用于改善能量平衡和水文学模型。智能优点：在过去的十年中，McMurdo干山谷发生了巨大的变化：冰川在数十米处放气，河流在数十米处被刺激了三米以上，而Thermokarst Slump则在几个溪流和湖泊附近出现。这些观察结果都是由该领域的研究人员做出的，但没有任何更改都以山谷范围的规模进行映射。该奖项将为整个干山谷系统提供新的基线地图，并为山谷地板提供高分辨率图像，并为较低的高程区域提供较低的分辨率图像，而较高的更改较小。 该项目将测试以下想法：由于与干净冰相比，太阳辐射增加对沉积物覆盖的差异影响，并且当前在干燥山谷内略微冷却的空气温度，这是由于太阳辐射增加对被覆盖的沉积物覆盖的差异影响。在地形上收集的信息，再加上GPR确定的掩埋冰分布，也将纳入改善的能量和水文模型中。除了提供新的高分辨率数字高程模型（DEM）外，该项目还将最终导致识别容易受到沉积物增强的融化驱动的变化的领域，从而为气候变化的影响提供了有力的预测工具。BROADERS的影响：新的DEM将立即为您提供的综合基础，将对未来的新基础进行广泛的范围，这将是对这些未来的不断变化的范围。该项目将为整个社区提供一种工具，调查人员将与社区合作，通过公开演讲，也许是通过研讨会来使他们了解新资产。该地图将具有国际兴趣，并将作为环境经理在考虑保护计划时能够借鉴的工具。 几位本科生和研究生将参加该项目，其中一名Co-Pis是新的调查员。除科​​学研究人员外，预计收集的图像还将引起公众的关注，以及诸如博物馆展览和互联网之类的外展场所。拟议的工作与1）共同存在的McMurdo计划和2）Geosciences省资助的NCALM设施协同作用。