CAREER: Engineering electrode-electrolyte interfaces through electrolyte selection for improved performance in lithium-air batteries and fuel cell electrocatalysis

职业：通过选择电解质来设计电极-电解质界面，以提高锂空气电池和燃料电池电催化的性能

• 批准号: 1554273
• 负责人: Venkatasubraman Viswanathan
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-02-01 至 2022-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1554273&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Engineering; electrode; electrolyte; interfaces

Abstract - Viswanathan, 1554273For the mass-market adoption of environmentally benign electric vehicles a breakthrough in battery technology in terms of specific energy and cost is needed. Specific energy, also known as energy density, is the stored heat or other thermodynamic property of a substance, which for these purposes should be its useful or extractable energy. Among the candidate chemistries being considered, non-aqueous Li-air batteries are attractive due to their high specific energy and relatively low cost. However, the limited discharge capacity and rechargeability are two key issues that limit their practicality. The proposed research of using electrolyte additives could increase the limited discharge capacity of current non-aqueous Li-air batteries without sacrificing battery rechargeability. The methods and findings will also be broadly applicable to other metal-air battery technologies currently being pursued, such as sodium-air, magnesium-air and potassium-air. Robust electrode/electrolyte interfaces are a crucial requirement for the long-term reliability of fuel cells and batteries. This proposal addresses the mesoscale electrode/electrolyte problem in the context of electrochemical systems using two model problems: (i) tune the electrode/electrolyte interface through electrolyte modification to tailor the activity and selectivity of Pt group metals for aqueous oxygen reduction reaction and (ii) design compatible electrode and electrolyte combinations that possess interfacial stability in lithium-air batteries while solubilizing the discharge product.If successful, these batteries could advance the adoption of electric vehicles for reduced emissions, greater efficiency, and increased domestic energy security. The PI ran a successful massive open online course (MOOC) from Carnegie Mellon University on Statistical Thermodynamics and intends to continue offering this annually. He will supplement the MOOC by developing learning kits, which can be remotely 3D printed. He will also develop a new course on electrochemical energy systems and develop the course notes into an interactive and animation-rich in-progress electronic-textbook and will conduct workshops on "How batteries work?" at underrepresented Pittsburgh public schools with the aim of illustrating basic principles of thermodynamics.

摘要 - Viswanathan，1554273 为了让环保电动汽车在大众市场得到采用，电池技术需要在比能量和成本方面取得突破。比能，也称为能量密度，是物质储存的热量或其他热力学性质，出于这些目的，它应该是其有用的或可提取的能量。在正在考虑的候选化学物质中，非水锂空气电池由于其高比能量和相对较低的成本而颇具吸引力。然而，有限的放电容量和可充电性是限制其实用性的两个关键问题。所提出的使用电解质添加剂的研究可以在不牺牲电池可充电性的情况下增加当前非水锂空气电池的有限放电容量。这些方法和发现也将广泛适用于目前正在研究的其他金属-空气电池技术，例如钠-空气、镁-空气和钾-空气。坚固的电极/电解质界面是燃料电池和电池组长期可靠性的关键要求。该提案使用两个模型问题解决了电化学系统中的介观电极/电解质问题：（i）通过电解质改性来调整电极/电解质界面，以调整 Pt 族金属对水氧还原反应的活性和选择性，以及（ii） ）设计兼容的电极和电解质组合，使锂空气电池具有界面稳定性，同时溶解放电产物。如果成功，这些电池可以促进电动汽车的采用，以减少排放、提高效率并提高国内能源安全。该 PI 在卡内基梅隆大学成功举办了关于统计热力学的大型开放式在线课程 (MOOC)，并打算每年继续提供该课程。他将通过开发可远程 3D 打印的学习套件来补充 MOOC。他还将开发一门关于电化学能源系统的新课程，并将课程笔记开发成一本交互式且动画丰富的电子教科书，并将举办“电池如何工作？”的研讨会。在代表性不足的匹兹堡公立学校，目的是阐明热力学的基本原理。