CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: Beyond Stability: Performance, Efficiency and Disturbance Management for Smart Infrastructure Systems

CPS：协同：协作研究：超越稳定性：智能基础设施系统的性能、效率和干扰管理

• 批准号: 1545096
• 负责人: Adam Wierman
• 金额: $ 18.21万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1545096&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CPS; Synergy; Collaborative; Research; Beyond

Infrastructure networks are the foundation of the modern world. Their continued reliable and efficient function without exhausting finite natural resources is critical to the security, continued growth and technological advancement of the United States. Currently these systems are in a state of rapid flux due to a collision of trends such as growing populations, expanding integration of information technology, and increasing motivation to adopt sustainable practices. These trends beget both exciting potential benefits and dangerous challenges. Added sensing, communication, and computational capabilities hold the promise of increased reliability, efficiency and sustainability from "smart" infrastructure systems. At the same time, new technologies such as renewable energy resources in power systems, autonomous vehicles, and software defined communication networks, are testing the limits of current operational and market policies. The rapidly changing suite of system components can cause new, unforeseen interactions that can lead to instability, performance deterioration, or catastrophic failures. Achieving the full benefits of these systems will require a shift from the existing focus on approaches that analyze each aspect of interest in isolation, to a more holistic view that encompasses all of the relevant factors such as stability, robustness, performance and efficiency, and takes into account the presence of human participants. This project provides a research roadmap to construct analysis, design and control tools that ensure the seamless integration of computational algorithms, physical components and human interactions in next generation infrastructure systems. Although there has been a great deal of research on stability questions in large scale distributed systems, there has been little effort directed toward questions of performance, robustness and efficiency in these systems, especially those with heterogeneous components and human participants. This research employs coupled oscillator systems as a common modeling framework to (i) characterize stability and performance of infrastructure systems, and (ii) develop distributed controllers that guarantee performance, efficiency and robustness by isolating disturbances and optimizing performance objectives. Practical solutions require that the theory be tightly integrated with the economic mechanisms necessary to incentivize users to enhance system stability, efficiency and reliability; therefore the work will also include the design of economic controls. In order to ground the mathematical foundations, theory and algorithms described above, the results will be applied to three target infrastructure networks where coupled oscillator models have played a foundational role in design and control: power, communication, and transportation systems. This approach allows the development of cross-cutting, fundamental principles that can be applied across problem specific boundaries and ensures that the research makes an impact on these specific infrastructure networks. This project will also incorporate concepts into existing undergraduate and graduate courses.

基础设施网络是现代世界的基础。他们持续的可靠和有效的功能而不用尽有限的自然资源对于美国的安全，持续的增长和技术进步至关重要。目前，由于趋势的碰撞，包括人群不断增长，信息技术的整合以及不断提高采用可持续实践的动机，这些系统处于快速通量状态。这些趋势既带来令人兴奋的潜在收益和危险的挑战。增加的感应，沟通和计算能力有望从“智能”基础设施系统中提高可靠性，效率和可持续性。同时，在电力系统，自动驾驶汽车和软件定义的通信网络中的可再生能源等新技术正在测试当前运营和市场政策的限制。快速变化的系统组件套件可能会导致新的，无法预料的相互作用，从而导致不稳定，性能恶化或灾难性失败。实现这些系统的全部好处将需要从现有的关注方法转变，这些方法分析了孤立感兴趣的各个方面，更全面的观点，该观点涵盖了所有相关因素，例如稳定性，稳健性，绩效和效率，并考虑到人类参与者的存在。该项目提供了一个研究路线图，用于构建分析，设计和控制工具，以确保下一代基础设施系统中计算算法，物理组件和人类互动的无缝集成。尽管大规模分布系统中的稳定性问题进行了大量研究，但在这些系统中，尤其是那些具有异质组件和人类参与者的系统的稳定性，鲁棒性和效率的努力很少。本研究将耦合振荡器系统作为（i）表征基础设施系统的稳定性和性能的常见建模框架，并且（ii）通过隔离干扰和优化绩效目标来确保性能，效率和鲁棒性，以确保性能，效率和鲁棒性。实际解决方案要求将理论与激励用户增强系统稳定性，效率和可靠性所必需的经济机制紧密整合；因此，工作还将包括经济控制的设计。为了基础上述数学基础，理论和算法，结果将应用于三个目标基础设施网络，在该网络中，耦合振荡器模型在设计和控制中起着基础作用：功率，通信和运输系统。这种方法允许开发横切，基本原理，这些原理可以在特定问题的边界上应用，并确保研究对这些特定的基础设施网络产生影响。该项目还将将概念纳入现有的本科和研究生课程中。