CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: Fault Tolerant Brain Implantable Cyber-Physical System

CPS：协同：协作研究：容错脑植入网络物理系统

• 批准号: 1544633
• 负责人: Glenn Boreman
• 金额: $ 31.22万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Charlotte
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-10-01 至 2019-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1544633&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CPS; Synergy; Collaborative; Research; Fault

CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: Fault Tolerant Brain Implantable Cyber-Physical SystemEpilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders, affecting between 0.4% and 1% of the world's population. While seizures can be controlled in approximately two thirds of newly diagnosed patients through the use of one or more antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), the remainder experience seizures even on multiple medications. The primary impacts of the chronic condition of epilepsy on a patient are a lower quality of life, loss of productivity, comorbidities, and increased risk of death. Epilepsy is an intermittent brain disorder, and in localization-related epilepsy, which is the most common form of epilepsy, one or a few discrete brain areas (the seizure focus or seizure foci) are believed to be responsible for seizure initiation. More recent approaches with implantable electrical stimulation seizure control devices hold value as a therapeutic option for the control of seizures. These devices, directly or indirectly, target the seizure focus and seek to control its expression. In this project we will build a multichannel brain implantable device based on emerging cyber physical system (CPS) principles. This brain implantable CPS device will incorporate key design features to make the device dependable, scalable, composable, certifiable, and interoperable. The device will operate over the life of an animal, or a patient, and continuously record brain activity and stimulate the brain when seizure related activity is detected to abort an impending seizure.Episodic brain disorders such as epilepsy have a considerable impact on a patient's productivity and quality of life and may be life-threatening when seizures cannot be controlled with medications. The goal of this project is to create a second generation brain-implantable sensing and stimulating device (BISSD) based on emerging CPS principles and practice. The development of a BISSD as a exemplifies several defining aspects that inform and illustrate core CPS principles. First, to meet the important challenge of regulatory approval a composable, scalable and certifiable framework that supports testing in multiple species is proposed. Second, a BISSD must be wholly integrated with the patient and fully cognizant at every instant of brain state, including dynamic changes in both the normal and abnormal expression of brain physiology and therapeutic intervention. Thus, this project seeks a tight conjunction of the cyber solution that must monitor itself and monitor and stimulate the brain using implanted, adaptable, distributed, and networked electrodes, and the physical system which in this case is the intermittently failing human brain. Third, a BISSD must function for an extensive period of time, up to the life of the patient, because each surgery to place and retrieve a BISSD carries an attendant risk. This requirement necessitates a dependable solution, which this project seeks to reliably achieve through both an understanding of the brain's foreign body response and a unique hierarchical fault-tolerant design. Fourth, an advanced salient approaches to acquire, compress, and analyze sensor signals to achieve real-time monitoring and control of seizures is employed. This project should yield a powerful, scalable CPS framework for robust fault-tolerant implantable medical devices with real-time processing that can grow with advances in sensors, sensing modalities, time-series analysis, real-time computation, control, materials, power and knowledge of underlying biology. The USA has a competitive advantage in the control of seizures in medically refractory epilepsy. In the modern era, epilepsy surgery evolved in the USA in the 1970s and spread from here to other parts of the world. Similarly, the USA enjoys a competitive advantage in BISSDs, and success in this effort will enable the USA to build on and maintain this advantage. In addition to epilepsy, advances made here can be expected to benefit the treatment of other neurological and psychiatric brain disorders.

CPS：协同研究：可容忍的脑植入网络物理系统ePilepsy是最常见的神经系统疾病之一，影响了世界人群的0.4％至1％。虽然可以通过使用一种或多种抗癫痫药（AEDS）来控制大约三分之二的新诊断患者的癫痫发作，但即使在多种药物上，其余的经历癫痫发作也是如此。癫痫慢性疾病对患者的主要影响是较低的生活质量，生产率丧失，合并症和死亡风险增加。癫痫是一种间歇性的脑部疾病，在与定位相关的癫痫中，这是最常见的癫痫形式，一个或几个离散的大脑区域（癫痫发作或癫痫发作焦点）被认为是癫痫发作的原因。植入电刺激控制装置的最新方法具有价值作为控制癫痫发作的治疗选择。这些设备直接或间接地针对癫痫发作的重点并寻求控制其表达。在这个项目中，我们将基于新兴的网络物理系统（CPS）原理构建多通道脑植入设备。该大脑植入的CPS设备将结合关键的设计功能，以使设备可靠，可扩展，可合并，可靠性和可互操作。该设备将在动物或患者的生命中运作，并在发现癫痫发作相关的活动时不断记录大脑活动并刺激大脑，以中止癫痫发作。该项目的目的是基于新兴的CPS原理和实践来创建第二代脑食感和刺激装置（BISSD）。 BISSD作为一种的发展典型的定义方面为核心CPS原则提供了信息。首先，为应对监管批准的重要挑战，提出了支持多种物种测试的可组合，可扩展和可认证的框架。其次，BISSD必须与患者完全融合并在脑状态的每一个瞬间完全识别，包括脑生理和治疗干预的正常表达和异常表达的动态变化。因此，该项目寻求网络解决方案的紧密连接，该解决方案必须使用植入，适应性，分布式和网络电极来监测和监测和刺激大脑，并且在这种情况下，这种物理系统是间歇性失败的人脑。第三，BISSD必须在很长一段时间内起作用，直到患者的寿命，因为每次手术要放置和检索BISSD都有随之而来的风险。这项要求需要一个可靠的解决方案，该项目试图通过了解大脑的外国体反应和独特的层次结构耐受性设计来可靠地实现。第四，采用了一种先进的明显方法来获取，压缩和分析传感器信号，以实现对癫痫发作的实时监测和控制。该项目应产生强大的，可扩展的CPS框架，用于具有实时处理的可靠耐受性植入式医疗设备，并随着传感器的进步，传感方式，时间序列分析，实时计算，控制，控制，材料，材料，功率和知识，可以增长。美国在控制医学难治性癫痫的癫痫发作方面具有竞争优势。在现代时代，癫痫手术在1970年代在美国演变，并从这里传播到世界其他地区。同样，美国在BISSD中也具有竞争优势，这项工作的成功将使美国能够以此为基础并保持这一优势。除癫痫外，还可以期望此处取得的进步有益于其他神经系统和精神病脑疾病的治疗。