DIMENSIONS: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: The evolution of pollination syndrome diversity in Penstemon

维度：合作研究：Penstemon 授粉综合症多样性的演变

基本信息

批准号：
1542402
负责人：
Lena Hileman
金额：
$ 99.69万
依托单位：
University of Kansas Center for Research Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-08-15 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1542402&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
DIMENSIONS COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH evolution pollination

项目摘要

Ecosystem health and productivity depend on co-evolved species interactions. In terrestrial ecosystems a key interaction is between flowers and pollinators, and changes in the relative abundances of different pollinators (e.g., bees, birds) are thought to impose selective pressures that can shift floral pollination strategies and shape flowering plant communities. However, multiple forces may act to constrain the ability of a flowering plant lineage to evolve a new pollination strategy under changing environmental conditions. This research will model the rate of pollination strategy transitions in the largest flowering plant genus endemic to North America (Penstemon), and will determine both ecological and genetic processes that constrain and shape the rate of pollination strategy diversification. Understanding the forces that maintain diversity in pollination strategies informs food security and agricultural management issues.The research integrates phylogenetic, ecological, and genetic approaches to understand the processes that determine pollination diversity. The research will test whether Penstemon has reached an evolutionary equilibrium in the relative frequencies of bee and hummingbird pollination syndromes. Additionally, the planned experiments will determine ecological and genetic processes responsible for asymmetries in pollination syndrome transitions, and in syndrome-specific speciation, and extinction rates. Field experiments will test whether interactions among floral traits constrain shifts from hummingbird to bee pollination. Genetic experiments will test whether loss-of-function mutations critical for shifts to hummingbird pollination also constrain reverse shifts from hummingbird to bee pollination. The integration of these experimental approaches will elucidate processes that determine pollination syndrome diversity in plant community assemblages.

生态系统的健康和生产力取决于共同进化的物种相互作用。在陆地生态系统中，花卉和传粉媒介之间的关键相互作用是，不同传粉媒介（例如蜜蜂、鸟类）相对丰度的变化被认为会施加选择性压力，从而改变花卉授粉策略并塑造开花植物群落。然而，多种力量可能会限制开花植物谱系在不断变化的环境条件下进化出新的授粉策略的能力。这项研究将模拟北美特有的最大开花植物属（Penstemon）的授粉策略转变率，并将确定限制和塑造授粉策略多样化率的生态和遗传过程。了解维持授粉策略多样性的力量有助于解决粮食安全和农业管理问题。该研究整合了系统发育、生态和遗传学方法，以了解决定授粉多样性的过程。该研究将测试 Penstemon 在蜜蜂和蜂鸟授粉综合症的相对频率方面是否达到了进化平衡。此外，计划中的实验将确定导致授粉综合症转变、综合症特异性物种形成和灭绝率不对称的生态和遗传过程。田间实验将测试花性状之间的相互作用是否会限制从蜂鸟授粉到蜜蜂授粉的转变。基因实验将测试对蜂鸟授粉转变至关重要的功能丧失突变是否也会限制从蜂鸟授粉向蜜蜂授粉的反向转变。这些实验方法的整合将阐明决定植物群落组合中授粉综合症多样性的过程。