EAGER: FEW: Life cycle comparison of water, energy, nutrient, and carbon requirements of urban and conventional food production strategies

渴望：很少：城市和传统粮食生产策略的水、能源、营养和碳需求的生命周期比较

• 批准号: 1541891
• 负责人: Aaron Packman
• 金额: $ 26万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-15 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1541891&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; FEW; Life; cycle; comparison

A variety of urban food production strategies have been proposed to reduce energy required to provide food to urban residents, reduce flooding, increase water reuse, increase biodiversity in cities, improve supplies of healthy fresh food to urban residents, and stimulate economic development. However, the water, nutrient, and energy requirements of urban food production have not been determined, and the resulting impacts on flooding and water quality have not been documented. To meet these needs, this project will instrument and monitor three urban agriculture demonstration sites in the Chicago area, and use the resulting data to assess the effects of alternative urban food production strategies on water, energy, and nutrients in cities. The project will 1) develop a general techno-economic life-cycle modeling framework for urban food systems, 2) monitor water, energy, nutrient, and carbon balances in urban food production, 3) develop physically-based models for hydrologic and biogeochemical dynamics at these sites, and 4) integrate these data and process models into the techno-economic model in order to compare whole-lifecycle energy, water, nutrient, and carbon impacts of alternative urban food production strategies relative to each other and to conventional production of the same crops. Very little data are available to quantify the water, energy, nutrient, and carbon requirements and impacts of urban food production. The projectwill yield novel data enabling parameterization of both process-based and techno-economic models for three alternative urban food production strategies. The project will be conducted in collaboration with the Chicago Botanic Garden through the Windy City Harvest program (WCH). This collaboration will engage apporoximately 200 students (grades 9-14) and community members per year in project science activities, and enable direct use of project results to improve design and operation of urban food production facilities. The project will also involve a student-science effort at Northwestern University, thereby engaging approximately 700 undergraduate students per year to analyze metals concentrations in samples obtained from WCH sites. Overall, the project will provide capability to estimate the magnitude of potential impacts that could be achieved by deploying urban food production at regional scales, along with information needed to design these production systems and optimize their location within urban landscapes, and engage approximately 2,000 students and community members in analysis and development of sustainable urban food production.

人们提出了各种城市粮食生产战略，以减少为城市居民提供食物所需的能源，减少洪水，增加水的再利用，增加城市的生物多样性，改善城市居民健康新鲜食品的供应，并刺激经济发展。然而，城市粮食生产对水、营养物和能源的需求尚未确定，对洪水和水质造成的影响也尚未记录。为了满足这些需求，该项目将检测和监测芝加哥地区的三个城市农业示范点，并利用所得数据来评估替代城市粮食生产策略对城市水、能源和营养物的影响。该项目将 1) 开发城市粮食系统的通用技术经济生命周期建模框架，2) 监测城市粮食生产中的水、能源、养分和碳平衡，3) 开发基于物理的水文和生物地球化学动力学模型4) 将这些数据和过程模型整合到技术经济模型中，以便比较替代性城市粮食生产战略相对于彼此以及与常规生产的整个生命周期的能源、水、养分和碳影响。相同农作物。可用于量化城市粮食生产的水、能源、养分和碳需求及影响的数据非常少。该项目将产生新的数据，从而能够对三种替代城市粮食生产策略的基于过程和技术经济模型进行参数化。该项目将通过风城丰收计划（WCH）与芝加哥植物园合作进行。此次合作每年将吸引约 200 名学生（9-14 年级）和社区成员参与项目科学活动，并能够直接利用项目成果来改进城市食品生产设施的设计和运营。该项目还将涉及西北大学的一项学生科学工作，从而每年吸引大约 700 名本科生来分析从 WCH 站点获得的样本中的金属浓度。总体而言，该项目将提供估计通过在区域范围内部署城市粮食生产可能实现的潜在影响程度的能力，以及设计这些生产系统和优化其在城市景观中的位置所需的信息，并吸引约 2,000 名学生和社区成员分析和发展可持续城市粮食生产。